Resurgence of Kawasaki Disease Following Relaxation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Restrictions in Japan.

Objective: To compare the number and incidence of Kawasaki disease (KD) patients in years 2 through 4 of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and determine the impact of 3 years of implementation of infection control measures and their subsequent relaxation on the epidemiology of KD in Japan.

Study Design: We conducted a population-based, cohort study including consecutive KD patients in Kobe City between 2021 and 2023. We compared the incidence of KD cases, in relation to timing of infection control measures, as well as infectious disease cases based on a regional surveillance system.

Clinical prediction rule for neurological sequelae due to acute encephalopathy: a medical community-based validation study in Harima, Japan.

Objectives: This study aimed to verify the screening performance of our clinical prediction rule for neurological sequelae due to acute encephalopathy (NSAE-CPR), which previously identified the following three variables as predictive of poor outcomes: (1) refractory status epilepticus; (2) consciousness disturbance and/or hemiplegia at 6 hours from onset and (3) aspartate aminotransferase >90 IU/L within 6 hours of onset.

Design: Medical community-based multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Six regional hospitals in Harima and one tertiary centre in Kobe, Japan, from 2008 to 2012.

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) associated with phenytoin therapy.

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is most commonly associated with a mitochondrial DNA A to G point mutation at nucleotide 3243 (A3243G) and individuals with the disorder present a wide range of multisystemic symptoms. Seizures in MELAS patients are often intractable and require multiple antiepileptic drugs. Here we report a MELAS patient who presented with acute intestinal pseudo-obstruction following the administration of phenytoin (PHT) as an antiepileptic treatment.