18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of G-CSF-Producing Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Pleura.

We report a case of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the pleura in a 71-year-old man. Contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated multiple pleural masses with pulmonary hilar lymph nodes swelling. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated marked focal FDG uptake in the thoracic masses with diffuse uptake in the bone marrow.

Correlation of Immune-Related Adverse Events and Effects of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: The effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors have been reported to be linked with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, who tested positive for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor can be used as a treatment, and it was found to improve overall survival. However, there are only a few reports on the relationship between the therapeutic effects of pembrolizumab in patients with lung cancer and the irAEs of pembrolizumab.

The causes of acute cough: a tertiary-care hospital study in Japan.

Objectives: Cough is the most frequent presenting complaint in general practice and has an adverse effect on an individual's well-being. Understanding the causes of cough is critical for appropriate patient management. According to its duration, cough is classified as acute, subacute, and chronic.

Osimertinib Administration as the Primary Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy for Brain Metastasis of De Novo T790M-positive Lung Cancer.

A 69-year-old woman underwent left upper lobectomy for left upper lobe lung adenocarcinoma. She later perceived a left visual field defect, and a brain metastasis was detected on head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) testing identified two separate EGFR mutations: an L858R mutation in exon 21 and a de novo T790M mutation in exon 20.

Endobronchial Manifestation of Methotrexate-induced Lymphoproliferative Disorder.

Lymphoproliferative disorders can occur in patients with autoimmune disorders who undergo long-term methotrexate therapy (MTX-LPD). Although the manifestations of MTX-LPD are diverse, little attention is paid to endobronchial involvement. We herein describe two patients with MTX-LPD who presented with parenchymal pulmonary tumors and endobronchial involvement of LPD; one had lymphomatoid gramulomatosis and the other LPD.

Sarcoid-Like Granulomatosis Induced by Nivolumab Treatment in a Lung Cancer Patient.

Nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, inhibits binding between PD-1 and PD-1 ligand and activates antigen-specific T cells that have become unresponsive to cancer cells. Although it is recommended as a second-line therapy in gene mutation-negative non-small-cell lung cancer, interstitial pneumonia is a well-known side effect of the drug; however, granulomatous lesions have rarely been reported. We describe the case of an 81-year-old male with cT1aN2M1b stage IV pleomorphic carcinoma of the left upper lobe of the lung.

Pleuritis Caused by Mycobacterium kyorinense without Pulmonary Involvement.

We herein describe the first known case of pleuritis caused by Mycobacterium kyorinense without pulmonary involvement. A 48-year-old man undergoing immunosuppressant therapy presented with cough and dyspnea. An accumulation of pleural fluid was noted; however, computed tomography revealed no pulmonary lesions.

Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor of the Pleura Successfully Treated with a Lower Dose of Pazopanib.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an aggressive mesenchymal tumor which primarily affects the abdomen. Even a multimodal approach rarely achieves durable remission and the optimal therapy for extended disease is unknown. We herein describe a rare case of DSRCT arising from the pleura in a 32-year-old man.

[The prevalence of cigarette smoking among asthmatic adults and association of smoking with emergency department visits].

Unlabelled: We examined the prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults with acute asthma and the relationship between smoking status and visits to the emergency department of a hospital.

Setting And Patients: 198 subjects (79 men), in whom acute asthma had been newly diagnosed by physicians in a municipal hospital in 2005, were included in this study.

Results: Thirty-five percent of the enrolled asthmatic patients were current smokers with a mean of 21 pack-years, while 18% were former smokers, and 47% were never-smokers.

[A case of cryptococcal pneumonia accompanying meningitis].

Unlabelled: Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by cryptococcus neoformans. Cryptococcal pneumonia occurs due to inhalation of the organism into the respiratory tract, sometimes accompanied by meningitis in immunocompromised patients, and can be life-threatening. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis occurring during corticosteroid therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

[Two cases of herpes simplex esophagitis during treatment for lung cancer].

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the three major causes of infectious esophagitis, along with Candida albicans and Cytomegalo virus (CMV). Most cases occur in immunocompromised hosts, in whom this can be life threatening. We report two cases of herpes simplex esophagitis occurring during treatment for lung cancer.

[A case of severe adult-onset Still' s disease presenting with pleuropericarditis].

Adult-onset Still' s disease (AOSD) is an uncommon rheumatic disease characterized by high spiking fever, arthritis, an evanescent skin rash and variety of systemic symptoms, though initial onset of pleuropulmonary manifestation is relatively rare and could be responsible for a delay in diagnosis. We report a case of AOSD presenting with pleuritis with concomitant pericardial effusion. A 42-year-old Japanese man was admitted with a spiking fever of 40 degrees C, hyperleucocytosis (21.

[Pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium szulgai: a case report].

We reported a case of pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium szulgai (M. szulgai) in an immunocompetent, asymptomatic 55-year-old man without underlying disease. A chest radiograph of an annual health examination revealed a right upper lobe infiltrate with thin-walled cavities, which was not present in the previous year.