Sarcopenic obesity in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: prevalence, risk factors, and implications for cancer survivors.

Purpose: Sarcopenic obesity, characterized by increased adiposity with low skeletal muscle mass, contributes to frailty and the development of chronic disease. Data on sarcopenic obesity in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) is limited.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study on 65 cALL survivors (7-18 years, > 2 years from treatment completion) was conducted on cALL survivors with the primary outcome to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity.

Hydrogen sulfide promotes migration of trophoblast cells by a Rho GTPase mediated actin cytoskeleton reorganization.

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) arises due to defective spiral artery remodelling which may be due to deficient migration of trophoblast cells. Migration of human endothelial cells has been shown to be promoted via Hydrogen sulphide(HS)/Rho GTPase Rac1 axis. This novel role of HS and its downstream processes have not yet been studied in the development and function of the placental trophoblast cells.

Citicoline in acute ischemic stroke: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Two pharmacological possibilities exist for an acute ischemic stroke (AIS): recanalization of the occluded artery and neuroprotection from ischaemic injury, the latter's efficacy being debatable. We sought to determine whether administration of Citicoline immediately after recanalization therapy for AIS would improve clinical and radiological outcome at three months compared to standard treatment alone.

Patients And Methods: CAISR was a single centre, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial with blinded endpoint assessment.

Blood Circulatory Level of Seven Sirtuins in Alzheimer's Disease: Potent Biomarker Based on Translational Research.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an accelerating neurodegenerative disorder. Dysfunction of mitochondria and oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Sirtuins play a role in this pathway and can be a potential marker to study neurodegenerative changes.

Circulatory GSK-3β: Blood-Based Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the progressive brain disorder which degenerates brain cells connection and causes memory loss. Although AD is irreversible, it is not impossible to arrest or slow down the progression of the disease. However, this would only be possible if the disease is diagnosed at an early stage, and early diagnosis requires clear understanding of the pathogenesis at molecular level.

Early Post-Stroke Seizures in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Stroke is the most common cause of epilepsy in the adult population. Post-stroke seizures (PSSs) are classified into early-onset seizures (ES) and late-onset (LS). ES can significantly affect the clinical outcome and occurrence of LS.

Lung cancer in the older population:Interactive effects of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism (rs 4340 ID) and tobacco addiction in risk assessment.

Background: rs4340ID polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) correlates with serum ACE levels in many known cancers. This study analyzed ACE rs4340 ID polymorphism in lung cancer (LC) in older patients of North India and correlated it with addiction status.

Methods: The study enrolled all subjects aged 60 years and above with 154 LC and 205 healthy controls.

Biomarker-Based Prediction of Progression to Dementia: F-18 FDG-PET in Amnestic MCI.

Background: Metabolic patterns on brain F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) can predict the decline in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) or other dementias.

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of baseline F-18 FDG-PET in aMCI for predicting conversion to AD or other dementias on follow-up.

Patients And Methods: A total of 87 patients with aMCI were enrolled in the study.

Sestrin2 as Serum Protein Marker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Parkinson's Disease.

Sestrin2 (Sesn2) appears to mediate neuroprotection against Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated pathophysiology, however, the mechanism is unknown. This pilot study examines serum Sesn2 level in PD patients and older adult control and also interrogates the rescue effect of Syzygium aromaticum extract on the neurotoxicity by paraquat in neuroblastoma cells. The blood sample was collected from 36 PD patients and 54 older adult control and concentration of serum Sesn2 was measured by surface plasmon resonance and western blot.

Status of VEGF in preeclampsia and its effect on endoplasmic reticulum stress in placental trophoblast cells.

Objective: To explore the role of VEGF in attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress in placental trophoblast cells.

Study Design: Study was divided into following parts: 1. Serum Analysis of GRP78 and VEGF using sandwich ELISA.

Elevated Serum SIRT 2 May Differentiate Parkinson's Disease From Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes.

Atypical Parkinson syndromes (APSs) often have symptoms that overlap with those of Parkinson's disease (PD), especially early in the disease, making these disorders difficult to diagnose. Previous studies have demonstrated an association of oligomeric α-synuclein (α-Syn), a key element in the pathogenesis of PD, with Sirtuin (SIRT)2 proteins for modulating PD. We aimed to evaluate SIRT protein expression in serum of PD patients and compare it with APSs and normal elderly control (GC) and to correlate this with α-Syn.

Exploration of Novel Anti-Oxidant Protein Sestrin in Frailty Syndrome in Elderly.

Frailty in elderly is very much familiar with a decline in the musculoskeletal system. Muscle degeneration in the lower organism was observed due to loss of anti-oxidant protein Sestrin. The aim of the study is to determine the level of Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 in the serum of frail and non-frail elderly to associate their impact in frailty syndrome.

Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B gene deletions are markers of poor prognosis in Indian children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B (CDKN2A/B) genes are implicated in many malignancies including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These tumor suppressor genes, with a key regulatory role in cell cycle are located on chromosome 9p21.3.

Effects of Tobacco Habits on the Polymorphism of NFKB1 and NFKB1A Gene of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Indian Population.

Background: Polymorphism of NFKB1 and NFKB1A are highly associated with cancer. We have assessed polymorphism in the promoter region of NFKB1 -94 del/ins ATTG (rs28362491) and NFKB1A -826 C/T (rs2233406) with the risk of HNSCC in Indian population. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used for the genotyping NFKB1 -94 del/ins ATTG and NFKB1A -826 C/T.

Promising link of HLA-G polymorphism, tobacco consumption and risk of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) in North Indian population.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA-G) is a potent immune-tolerant molecule and has a critical role in various pathological conditions of cancer. The aim of the study was to analyze the association of HLA-G polymorphism as a risk factor in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). The HLA-G polymorphism at 3'UTR 14bp INDEL (rs371194629) and +3142G/C (rs1063320) were studied in 383 HNSCC patients and 383 ethnically similar-aged healthy controls in North Indian population.

Relative Alterations in Blood-Based Levels of Sestrin in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients.

Sestrins (sesn) are highly conserved proteins that play an important neuroprotective role, in part as a consequence of their antioxidative capacity, which prevents reactive oxygen species formation. In this study, we evaluated the concentrations of sesn1 and sesn2 in the serum of 41 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 27 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 60 elderly controls, by surface plasmon resonance, which was validated by using western blot. Moreover, the mRNA level of sestrins in all the study groups was determined by real time polymerase chain reaction.

Estimation of Tau and Phosphorylated Tau181 in Serum of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients.

The elevated level of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Tau and phosphorylated Tau181 (p-Tau181) proteins are well established hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated level of p-Tau181 can differentiate AD from other neurodegenerative disease. However, the expression level of these proteins in serum of AD patient is not well set up.

Study of cytogenetic toxicity of low-dose radioiodine therapy in hyperthyroid patients using a micronuclei assay.

Objective: Radioiodine, in low doses, has been used as a treatment modality for hyperthyroidism worldwide for a long time. However, there is little information available on the severity of cytotoxicity of radioiodine at these low doses. The present investigation aimed to study the cytogenetic toxicity of low-dose radioiodine in hyperthyroid patients using a cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei (MN) assay.

Population-based assessment of vision-related quality of life in corneal disease: results from the CORE study.

Objective: To assess the impact of corneal disease on vision-related quality of life (VR-QoL) in a rural North Indian population.

Design: Cross-sectional, population-based study.

Methods: The Corneal Opacity Rural Epidemiological (CORE) study included 12 899 participants from 25 randomly selected clusters of rural Gurgaon, Haryana, India, with the primary objective of determining the prevalence of corneal disease in the general population during July 2011 to January 2013.

Prevalence of corneal diseases in the rural Indian population: the Corneal Opacity Rural Epidemiological (CORE) study.

Objective: The present population-based study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence, determinants and causes of corneal morbidity and blindness in a rural North Indian population.

Design: Population-based study in India with 12 899 participants of all ages.

Methods: Participants were recruited from 25 village clusters of district Gurgaon, Haryana, India using random cluster sampling strategy.

Identification of serum sirtuins as novel noninvasive protein markers for frailty.

Frailty has emerged as a major health issue among older patients. A consensus on definition and diagnosis is yet to be achieved. Various biochemical abnormalities have been reported in frailty.

Role of 99mTc-ECD SPECT in the management of children with craniosynostosis.

Purpose Of The Report: There is a paucity of data on correlation of various imaging modalities with clinical findings in craniosynostosis. Moreover, no study has specifically reported the role of (99m)Tc-ECD SPECT in a large number of subjects with craniosynostosis.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively analyzed a cohort of 85 patients with craniosynostosis from year 2007 to 2012.

Gall bladder cancer and the role of dietary and lifestyle factors: a case-control study in a North Indian population.

Most patients with gall bladder cancer (GBC) present in the advanced stage with a poor response to therapy. Prevention or early detection is the best way to prevent death, but this requires identification of susceptible subgroups. Keeping this in mind, this study was carried out to evaluate the association between selected demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors and GBC.

Internal jugular vein adrenocorticotropic hormone estimation for diagnosis of adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome: Ultrasound-guided direct jugular vein sample collection.

Aim Of Study: To assess the utility of internal jugular vein (IJV) / peripheral adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) gradient in determining the etiology of ACTH- dependent Cushing's syndrome.

Materials And Methods: Patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, (except children less than 12 years), had IJV blood collection under ultrasound guidance using a linear 7 MHZ probe. Blood was collected with a 21 G needle at the level of mandible with the patient in supine position.