The association of schooling, sibling life situation, and dietary habits with the estimated 24-h urinary salt excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio in 3-year-old children.

Objectives: We examined the association of schooling, sibling life situation, and dietary habits with the estimated 24-h urinary salt excretion and the urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio in 3-year-old children.

Methods: The subjects were 639 children who underwent a health checkup in four cities and towns in Kyoto Prefecture from January to November 2019. The children's parents answered questionnaires about weekday childcare places, the birth order, and the awareness of reducing the salt intake.

Influence of Milk on Exhaled Carbon Monoxide (CO) Measurement by Portable CO Monitors.

Background: A portable breath carbon monoxide (CO) monitor has a high cross-sensitivity to hydrogen (H). This study examined the influences of H after consuming milk on the detected CO values using three types of portable CO monitors.

Materials And Methods: Exhaled breath from seven participants (four healthy nonsmokers and three smokers with otherwise unknown comorbidities) was collected in sampling bags.

[Combined estrogenic activity of soybean extract used in a dietary supplement and ethinyl estradiol].

We examined the combined estrogenic activity of soybean extract used in a dietary supplement and ethinyl estradiol (EE) contained in an oral contraceptive. Olive oil (control), soybean extract (0.0036 or 0.

Oral administration of acidic xylooligosaccharides prevents the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice.

We examined whether two types of xylooligosaccharides (neutral or acidic xylooligosaccharides) derived from hardwood kraft pulp ameliorate the development of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions induced by repeated application of picryl chloride (PiCl) in NC/Nga mice. Oral administration of acidic xylooligosaccharides at a daily dose of 100 mg/kg significantly prevented the development of AD-like skin lesions. Serum histamine level was significantly suppressed, but serum total IgE level was not significantly suppressed.

DNA microarray analysis of genomic responses of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to nickel chloride.

In order to investigate nickel toxicity against the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, genomic responses to nickel chloride were examined using yeast DNA microarrays. Microarray analysis revealed that exposure to 25 mM nickel chloride for 2 hr induced changes in gene expression in S. cerevisiae.

Effects of butyltin compounds on mitochondrial respiration and its relation to hepatotoxicity in mice and Guinea pigs.

Because the mechanisms responsible for the difference in toxicity between different experimental animal species remain unclear, the effects of tributyltin chloride (TBTC) and dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) on mitochondrial respiration were compared among the livers of mice and guinea pigs in vitro and in vivo. Further, the levels of these butyltin compounds and their derivatives in the mitochondrial fractions of the hepatocytes were investigated in these animal species. Administration of TBTC and DBTC to mice resulted in the obvious elevation of serum enzymatic activities, as well as the inhibition of succinate-linked State 3 respiration in hepatic mitochondria at 24 h after administration.