Anatomical Variation of the Olfactory Fossa According to Keros and Yenigun Classifications in Karachi, Pakistan.

Aim: The goal of our research is to assess the olfactory fossa anatomical variation through Keros and Yenigun classification by computed tomography (CT) scan of paranasal sinuses (PNS), as in order for surgeons to prevent major complications, they must be familiar with its variations in anatomy during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) related to anterior ethmoidal artery injury, as its course varies with depth and length of the olfactory fossa.

Methods: At Karachi's Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), retrospective research was carried out. From anterior to posterior, sequential coronal and axial pictures were examined, and the existence and location of further anatomical characteristics were documented.

Home Isolated COVID-19 Patients Adhering To Recommended Guidelines: A Cross Sectional Survey In Karachi.

Objectives: To assess compliance level of coronavirus disease-2019 patients with recommended isolation guidelines.

Methods: The cross-sectional phone-based survey was conducted in Karachi, from March to October 2020 after approval from the ethics review board of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised patients of either gender who had been tested positive and were advised home isolation due to mild/asymptomatic nature of their infection. Data was collected using a predesigned 42-item questionnaire in the light of the guidelines issued by the National Institutes of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Surgical Blowhole Incision - An Unconventional Approach to Subcutaneous Emphysema Management Following Blunt Neck Trauma.

Subcutaneous emphysema is the fortuitous entry of air into subcutaneous tissue. Its occurrence in the head, neck, and mediastinum is a result of trauma or surgery. This case describes a 45-year male who presented with massive progressive subcutaneous emphysema, spreading from the peri-orbital area to the upper mediastinum, secondary to tracheal injury following blunt trauma sustained two days before presentation.

The Arduous Path to Diagnosis in a Patient With a Unique Cause of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

In the following report, we document a case of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) emerging from a peculiar etiology. A 20-year-old male presented to the out-patient department (OPD) of ear, nose & throat (ENT) of Dow University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, by referral from remote hospitals with a complaint of stomach upset. Upon a detailed historical assessment of the patient, the picture of a convoluted path to diagnosis emerged.

Relationship of surfactant protein-D with random blood glucose and extra pulmonary infections in type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To compare surfactant protein-D levels in type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics, and to explore its link with random blood glucose and extra-pulmonary infections.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted in 2012-13 at the Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised diabetic cases and non-diabetic controls. Extra pulmonary infections, body mass index and random blood glucose levels were noted and serum surfactant protein-D was analysed using enzynme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Performance Improvement of Gold Electrode towards Methanol Electrooxidation in Akaline Medium: Enhanced Current Density Achieved with Poly(aniline--2-hydroxyaniline) Coating at Low Overpotential.

Electronically conducting poly (aniline--2-hydroxyaniline) (PACHA), a copolymer of aniline and 2-hydroxyaniline (2HA), was electrochemically coated on gold substrate for methanol electrooxidation in alkaline media. The electrochemical behavior of PACHA coated gold electrode towards methanol electrooxidation was investigated via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for application in an alkaline fuel cell. Methanol electrooxidation was observed at two different electrode potentials depending on the concentration of the base.

Assessment of knowledge regarding tracheostomy care and management of early complications among healthcare professionals.

Introduction: Tracheostomy is commonly performed surgical procedure in ENT practice. Postoperative care is the most important aspect for achieving good patient outcomes. Unavailability of standard guidelines on tracheostomy management and inadequate training can make this basic practice complex.

Role of Amphotericin B in Nasal Irrigation for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Objective: To determine the effect of topical antifungal irrigation fluid containing amphotericin B on nasal polyp and their recurrence pattern, and to study the association of serum IgE in predicting the presence of fungus along with the nasal polyps.

Study Design: An interventional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Dow University Hospital, Dow International Medical College, DUHS, Karachi, from June 2015 to June 2017.

Efficacy of Empirical Therapy With Combined Ciprofloxacin Versus Topical Drops Alone in Patients With Tubotympanic Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial.

Background: One of the prevailing otologic infections in our country is chronic suppurative otitis media, especially the tubotympanic type for which various treatment protocols are followed. Usually, oral and topical antibiotics (mainly quinolones) are given alone or in combination. There is a lack of consensus as to whether topical drops alone are effective or a combined oral and systemic therapy should be prescribed.

Career Choices of Medical doctors at Graduate level - A Multicenter Study.

Objective: To find out the specialty choices being taken by Final year Medical students and graduate Doctors.

Method: This is a cross sectional survey study which was conducted over two months from 1 November to 31 December 2016. Final year students and house job doctors were asked for the filling of Performa, after filling the consent form.

Frequency of different blood groups and its association with BMI and blood pressure among the female medical students of Faisalabad.

Objective: To determine the frequency of different blood groups among female medical students and to find the association of blood groups and body mass index with blood pressure.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at the University Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad, Pakistan, from March to April 2016, and comprised female medical students. Participants were divided into groups on the basis of their ABO blood groups and on body mass index criteria.

Relationship of Oral Tumor Thickness with the rate of lymph node metastasis in Neck based on CT Scan.

Objective: To determine the relationship of tumor thickness of oral lesions with metastasis in neck based on CT scan.

Methods: A total of 58 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients having the median age of 46 (39-55) years. with either gender presented with malignant tumor of buccal mucosa and tongue were prospectively enrolled.

Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea in a developing country.

The objectives of the study was to determine the causes and outcome of endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in a developing country. A total of five patients were recruited in the study. The age of patients ranged from 8 to 65 years.

Role of irrigation with hypertonic saline for a recurrent skull base hydatid cyst: case report and review of the literature.

Hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is a rare finding in the head and neck region, and its presentation varies according to the area involved. We report the case of a 25-year-old woman who presented with bilateral neck swelling, which was found on histopathologic examination to be caused by a hydatid cyst.

Pediatric tracheostomy: complications and role of home care in a developing country.

Introduction: Tracheotomy in its earlier days was most commonly performed for acute airway infection in children. Its indications are now changing; it is now most commonly performed for congenital malformations (McMurray and Prescott in Practical pediatric otolaryngology. W.

Incorporating the endoscope into middle ear surgery.

We conducted a study to evaluate the use of a pediatric rigid otoendoscope for determining the extent of middle ear disease and for assessing ossicular integrity and mobility during tympanoplasty. Our study population was made up of 132 patients who were undergoing surgery for the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media; of this group, 41 patients underwent otoendoscopy and 91 underwent scutum lowering for purposes of visualization. In the otoendoscopy group, the ossicles were successfully visualized and their mobility assessed in 34 patients; the remaining 7 patients subsequently underwent scutum lowering.