Effectiveness of Activated Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation by Shock Wave-Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming, Sonic and Ultrasonic Devices in Removing Biofilm From Root Canal System.

To compare shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) with sonic- and ultrasonically activated irrigation systems in removing biofilm from the root canal system. Fifty human single-canalled mandibular premolars were included in the study. After access cavity preparation, the root canals were prepared to a standardized size and taper.

Status of geriatric education and meeting the standards of facilities in dental schools.

Context: Information, specific tendencies, and skills are needed to provide oral care for the elderly population, and these skills should be learned in dental schools.

Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the status of geriatric dentistry education and meeting the standards of facilities in dental schools in Iran.

Settings And Design: In this cross-sectional study, sampling was done by census method, and all the 18 dental schools with a history of ≥6 years of establishment were selected.