[Laparoscopic Resection of Solitary Lymph Node Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization and Percutaneous Locoregional Therapies].

A 75-year-old woman underwent transcatheter chemoembolization(TACE)for 2 small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) lesions associated with severe alcoholic liver cirrhosis that necessitated management for ascites. Over 5 years after the initial TACE, she received multidisciplinary therapies with TACE, transcatheter arterial infusion of anticancer agents, percutaneous ethanol injections, or percutaneous radiofrequency ablation performed on 5 occasions for small recurrent HCC lesions. Computed tomography performed after the last therapy for HCC revealed a solitary lymph node swelling(39 mm in diameter) around the common hepatic artery.

[Assistance for Self-Management of Outpatient Chemotherapy-Introduction of Medical Treatment Diary].

To safely carry out outpatient chemotherapy, it is important that patients participate in their treatment while maintaining their physical condition, and the medical staff have a role in assisting patients in managing themselves. Therefore, we introduced a self-administered chemotherapy treatment diary(hereinafter referred to as a treatment diary). This helped patients in managing themselves and motivated them to participate in their treatment.

Preoperative Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Tumor-infiltrating CD8 T Cells in Biliary Tract Cancer.

Background/aim: This study evaluated the prognostic significance of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and whether preoperative NLR was associated with CD8 TILs in biliary tract cancers (BTCs).

Patients And Methods: A total of 154 patients with BTCs who underwent surgery were enrolled in this study. We obtained neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and calculated NLR from preoperative peripheral blood samples.

Establishment of a Liver Transplant Patient-derived Tumor Xenograft (PDX) Model Using Cryopreserved Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background/aim: There is rapid progression and widespread use of patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDX) in translational pancreatic cancer research. This study aimed to establish a liver transplant PDX model using cryopreserved primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Patients And Methods: Primary PDAC from 10 patients were cryopreserved and transplanted into immunodeficient mice using the liver pocket method.

The findings of the contrast-enhanced CT and risk factors for hepatic infarction after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Purpose: Hepatic infarction is a relatively rare life-threatening complication after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Computed tomography (CT) findings and risk factors for hepatic infarctions after PD were investigated.

Methods: One hundred-fifty three patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) after PD between January 2011 and August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.

[Efficacy and Safety of Paclitaxel plus Ramucirumab Therapy for Unresectable or Recurrent Gastric Cancer].

The RAINBOW trial showed that paclitaxel(PTX)plus ramucirumab(RAM)therapy improved the survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer, previously treated with chemotherapy. We retrospectively investigated 33 patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer who underwent PTX plus RAM treatment as second- or third-line chemotherapy between September 2015 and December 2017. The median age was 68(45-84)years with 22 patients(67%)aged 65 years or older.

Long-term outcomes after biliary diversion operation for pancreaticobiliary maljunction in adult patients.

Aim: Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) with or without congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) is a risk factor for biliary tract cancer. We investigated long-term outcomes after biliary diversion operation with special reference to types of CBD.

Methods: Subjects comprised 40 adult patients who underwent biliary diversion operation for PBM without biliary tract cancer.

[A Case of Appendiceal Cancer Wherein the Abdominal Abscess Ruptured into the Urinary Bladder Owing to Obstructive Appendicitis].

A 73-year-old woman presented to her doctor because of lower abdominal pain and distension. A neoplastic lesion in the lower abdomen was revealed, and she was referred to our department. Enhanced CT showed wall thickening in the urinary bladder and a 6 cm mass that extended to the appendix.

[A Case of Male Breast Cancer Suspected of Breast Metastasis from Pancreatic Cancer].

History of male breast cancer and pancreatic cancer are important for diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome(HBOC), while advanced pancreatic cancer is reported to have metastasis to mammary gland tissue. A 67-year-old man visited a local hospital because fever and right hypochondrial pain. Computed tomography scan revealed pancreatic cancer with multiple liver metastasis and peritoneal metastasis.

A case of perforation of a pancreatic duct by a pancreatic stent during chemoradiotherapy for pancreatic head cancer: a case report.

Background: Pancreatic injuries are rare, and no treatment plan has yet been established for grade III injuries. In many cases, pancreatic stent placement has resulted in saving patients. However, some cases of perforation of a pancreatic duct during the placement of a stent have been described, and there are also a few cases of delayed perforation by a pancreatic stent.

A case of complete splenic infarction after laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy.

Background: Laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (LSPDP), a newly developed operative procedure, is indicated for benign and low-grade malignant disease of the pancreas. However, few studies have reported on postoperative splenic infarction after LSPDP.

Case Presentation: We report a case of complete splenic infarction and obliteration of the splenic artery and vein after LSPDP.

[Clinical Outcome of the Patients with Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma].

We studied 14 patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma(ASCC)who were treated in our hospital between 1994 and 2016. As initial therapies, surgeries were performed in 5 patients. Of these, disease recurrence appeared in 4 patients, and 3 patients died within 1 year after operation.

Doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 as an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic carcinoma.

Aim: To elucidate the effect of expression of doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 (DCLK1) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: Tumor specimens were obtained from 136 patients with pancreatic cancer who had undergone resection without preoperative therapy between January 2000 and December 2013 at the Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University. The resected specimens were analyzed for associations with clinicopathological data, including DCLK1 expression, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression, and cancer stem cell (CSC) marker expression.

A case of bowel perforation due to traumatic hernia at a pelvic fracture site: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Common complications of pelvic fractures include visceral injury, large-volume hemorrhage, genitourinary injury, rectal injury, and pulmonary embolism. On the other hand, traumatic hernia is a rare complication, especially in association with pelvic fractures. We report a case of bowel perforation due to traumatic hernia at a pelvic fracture site.

[Clinical Experience of S-1 and Oxaliplatin(SOX)as the First-Line Chemotherapy for Metastatic/Recurrent Gastric Cancer].

We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of S-1 and oxaliplatin(SOX)as the first-line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic/recurrent gastric cancer. A total of 27 patients who received SOX as the first-line chemotherapy in our hospital were considered for the study. The SOX chemotherapy schedule consisted of 1 course every 3 weeks.

[A Case of Metastatic Lung Cancer from Colon Cancer with a Long Partial Response with Regorafenib Treatment].

A 66-year-old woman underwent sigmoidectomy for colon cancer. The final diagnosis was early cancer of pT2 pN0 and M0 (fStage I ). A chest CT revealed lung metastasis and lymph node metastasis 6 years after surgery.

Preoperative predictors for early recurrence of resectable pancreatic cancer.

Background: The first-line treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) is surgical resection. However, our patients have often experienced early recurrence after curative resection for RPC, with desperately poor prognosis. Some reports indicated that minimally distant metastasis not detected at operation might cause early recurrence.

Analysis of the origin of anaplastic pancreatic cancer and the mechanism of its dedifferentiation.

Background: We researched the origin and progression of anaplastic pancreatic cancer (APC) from the viewpoints of cell lineage, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem-like cells (CSC).

Methods: Using specimens from patients with APC and differentiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), expression of sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9), E-cadherin, vimentin, ZEB1, Snail, N-cadherin, CD24 and CD44 was estimated using immunohistochemistry.

Results: Almost all cases were positive for SOX9 expression.

Giant duodenal ulcers after neurosurgery for brainstem tumors that required reoperation for gastric disconnection: a report of two cases.

Background: Despite the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for gastrointestinal ulcers, severe cases of bleeding or perforation due to gastrointestinal ulcers still occur. Giant duodenal ulcer perforation is an uncommon but difficult-to-manage pathology with a high mortality rate. We report two cases of giant duodenal ulcer perforation after neurosurgery for brainstem tumors that needed reoperation for gastric disconnection because of postoperative leakage and bleeding.

The impact of the preoperative peripheral lymphocyte count and lymphocyte percentage in patients with colorectal cancer.

Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic significance of the peripheral lymphocyte count and lymphocyte percentage, which reflect the preoperative immune status, in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and then compared their accuracy as predictors of the survival.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a database of 362 patients. We classified the patients into high lymphocyte count and low lymphocyte count groups.

Establishment and characterization of new cell lines of anaplastic pancreatic cancer, which is a rare malignancy: OCUP-A1 and OCUP-A2.

Background: Anaplastic pancreatic cancer (APC) cell lines have been scarcely established.

Methods: The morphology, gene expressions, karyotyping and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers of newly established APC cell lines OCUP-A1 and OCUP-A2 were analyzed. Their abilities of proliferation under normoxia and hypoxia, migration and invasion were compared to 4 commercially available pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) cell lines.

[A Case of Demonstrating the Difficulties in Deciding How to Manage the Clinical Results after Rectal Resection].

It is important in the clinical setting to integrate all of the findings when diagnosing and making treatment decisions. We report a case of particular interest for managing cancer patients. A 69-year-old man underwent endoscopic resection for an Rb rectal tumor.

[A Case of Small Intestinal Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma with Massive Bleeding].

A 66-year-old man underwent laparoscopic right nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (T2b, N0, M1, clear cell, Grade 3). He was treated with targeted therapy for lung metastases after nephrectomy. Despite the targeted therapy, he was paralyzed in the lower half of the body due to the spinal metastases.

[A Patient with Recurrent Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Rectal Cancer Attaining a Complete Response with FOLFIRI plus Bevacizumab].

A 60-year-old man underwent laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with ileostomy for advanced ulcerative colitis-associated rectal cancer. The final diagnosis was advanced cancer pT3, pN2 and M0 (pStage Ⅲb). Adjuvant therapy with XELOX was performed.