Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio, Serum Endocan, and Nesfatin-1 Levels in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris Undergoing Phototherapy Treatment.

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an autoimmune, inflammatory, and chronic disease. Recent studies have evaluated serum endocan and nesfatin-1 levels in patients with inflammatory disorders. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory marker currently used in many diseases.

Protective effects of edaravone on experimental spinal cord injury in rats.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults. Secondary injury mechanisms within the spinal cord (SC) are well known to cause deterioration after an acute impact. Free radical scavengers are among the most studied agents in animal models of SCI.

Prognostic significance of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Objectives: This study investigated the prognostic value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is a promising biomarker for acute kidney injury. Recently, it was concluded that NGAL may be used beyond the boundaries of renal physiopathology.

Protective effects of omega-3 essential fatty acids against formaldehyde-induced cerebellar damage in rats.

This study aimed to investigate changes in the cerebellum of formaldehyde-exposed rats and the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on these changes. The study involved 21 male Wistar-Albino rats which were divided into three groups. The rats in Group I comprised the control group.

Effects of β-glucan pretreatment on acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric damage: An experimental study in rats.

Background: NSAIDs have been found to induce gastrointestinal tract damage. Recently, it has been suggested that this might be mediated by lipid peroxidation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the potential protective effects of β-glucan against acetylsalicylic acid (ASA-induced gastric damage by means of its antioxidant capacity in an experimental rat model.

Protective effects of tadalafil on experimental spinal cord injury in rats.

Tadalafil is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Nitric oxide (NO) functions as a retrograde neurotransmitter in the spinal cord, and postsynaptic structures respond to NO by producing cGMP. The concentrations of cGMP in the spinal cord are controlled by the actions of PDE.

Nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme levels in epileptic children using valproic acid.

In the present study, we investigated the effects of valproic acid (VPA) on nitric oxide (NO) level, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities in 21 epileptic children and 26 healthy controls. The subjects were selected from those who visited for a checkup or medical treatment at the Mustafa Kemal University Research Hospital. Serum levels of NO(-2), NO(-3), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were analyzed by redox or enzymatic reactions and spectrophotometry.

From darkening urine to early diagnosis of alkaptonuria.

Alkaptonuria is a rare disorder of metabolism characterized by deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase. Characteristic features include darkening of urine, ochronosis, and arthropathy. Darkening of urine is the only sign of the disorder in the pediatric age group, and it occurs at very early stage of the disorder, as reported by the parents.

Effects of erdosteine on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

We investigated the effects of erdosteine on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), and ALT (alanine transaminase) activities, and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide levels as oxidant/antioxidant biochemical parameters were investigated with light microscopic evaluation in adult female Wistar Albino rats. APAP administration produced a decrease in hepatic SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities, and coadministration of erdosteine (150 and 300 mg/kg) resulted in increases in the activities.

Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on cyclosporine-A-induced nephrotoxicity.

Objectives: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is used for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. However, CsA-induced nephrotoxicity remains an important clinical problem, and oxidative stress has been implicated as a possible responsible mechanism. We assessed the protective ability of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity.

The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine against cyclosporine A-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

The immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A (CsA) has been reported to exert measurable hepatotoxic effects. One of the causes leading to hepatotoxicity is thought to be reactive oxygen radical formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on CsA-induced hepatic damage by both analysing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities with malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and using an histological approach.

Effects of hyaluronan on nitric oxide levels and superoxide dismutase activities in synovial fluid in knee osteoarthritis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of hyaluronan (HA) on nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities in synovial fluid (SF) in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). SF samples were aspirated from OA patients before the commencement of the treatment (n=23) and 6 weeks after they were treated with HA products. NO levels and SOD activities were compared between the pre- and post-treatment of OA patients and of the control group (n=10).

Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate level in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) levels in patients diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and controls.

Design: Case-controlled, prospective, comparative noninterventional study.

Methods: This study involved 32 men and 35 women with exudative AMD, 37 men and 38 women with nonexudative AMD, and 32 men and 32 women of an age-matched control group.

Androgen status of the nonautoimmune dry eye subtypes.

Purpose: To evaluate androgen levels of patients diagnosed with nonautoimmune dry eye, either with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) or without MGD (non-MGD), and normal control subjects. This is a prospective, comparative, case-control study.

Methods: Sixty-four (32 men and 32 women) subjects were enrolled for each of the three diagnostic groups.

Erdosteine against acetaminophen induced renal toxicity.

Acetaminophen (APAP) induced toxicities have been a major problem in clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate a possible protective role of erdosteine, a mucolytic agent having antioxidant properties via its active metabolites, on APAP induced renal damage in rats. Female Wistar Albino rats were divided into groups including control, erdosteine (150 mg/kg, oral), APAP (1 g/kg, oral) APAP+erdosteine (150 mg/kg, oral) and APAP+erdosteine (300 mg/kg, oral).

Current concepts in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia: the potential role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common chronic pain syndrome with an unknown etiology. Recent years added new information to our understanding of FM pathophysiology. Researches on genetics, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones, oxidative stress, and mechanisms of pain modulation, central sensitization, and autonomic functions in FM revealed various abnormalities indicating that multiple factors and mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of FM.

The protective role of erdosteine on testicular tissue after testicular torsion and detorsion.

Testicular torsion and detorsion are important clinical problems for infertile man and oxidative stress may have a role in this clinical situation. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of erdosteine, an antioxidant, on unilateral testicular reperfusion injury in rats. The rats were divided into four groups including seven rats in each group: control, torsion, torsion/detorsion and torsion/detorsion+erdosteine.

Antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in fibromyalgia: etiologic and therapeutic concerns.

We proposed to assess the oxidant/antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) in untreated fibromyalgia (FM) patients and controls. The effect of amitriptyline (A, 20 mg daily) and sertraline (S, 100 mg daily) treatment on patients' superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XO), adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and NO levels was investigated. Thirty female patients with primary FM and age-matched 16 healthy female controls were included.

Protective agent, erdosteine, against cisplatin-induced hepatic oxidant injury in rats.

Cisplatin, one of the most active cytotoxic agents against cancer, has several toxicities. Hepatotoxicity is one of them occurred during high doses treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of erdosteine against cisplatin-induced liver injury through tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopic evaluation.

The activities of liver adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase enzymes and the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide after cisplatin toxicity in rats: protective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester.

The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an antioxidant agent, on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity through adenosine deaminase (AD), xanthine oxidase (XO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in liver tissue of rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control group (n = 6), cisplatin group (n = 9) and CAPE + cisplatin group (n = 8). All the chemicals used were applied intraperitoneally.

Association between Ala-9Val polymorphism of Mn-SOD gene and schizophrenia.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suggested to play an important role in physiopathology of schizophrenia. The major intracellular antioxidant enzymes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in the cytoplasm and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in the mitochondria, rapidly and specifically reduce superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding antioxidant enzymes should therefore result in predisposition to schizophrenia.

Hypothalamic superoxide dismutase, xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde in rats fed with fish omega-3 fatty acids.

Phospholipids located in the cellular membrane play a critical role in the fluid-mosaic model of membrane structure and membrane function. Evidence is mounting for the role of abnormal phospholipid metabolism in some neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. As an important essential fatty acid (EFA), omega-3 (omega-3) fatty acid series are found in large amounts in fish oil.

Effect of fish oil supplementation on plasma oxidant/antioxidant status in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the indices of in vivo lipid peroxidation and oxidant/antioxidant status of plasma in rats. The plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and activities of xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were studied in male Wistar Albino rats after ingestion of 0.4 g/kg fish oil (rich in omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) for 30 days and compared to untreated control rats.

The effects of erdosteine on the activities of some metabolic enzymes during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Cisplatin is one of the widely used chemothrapeutic agents. One of the major side effects of the drug is renal toxicity. The aims of the presented study was (1) to investigate the effect of cisplatin on some renal metabolic enzyme activities such as hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in an experimental model of acute renal failure and (2) to examine the protective role of erdosteine, an expectorant agent which has also antioxidant properties on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and the enzyme activities mentioned above.

Erdosteine prevents bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, erdosteine, an antioxidant, is expected to have an inhibitor potential against the disease. Rats were given one dose of bleomycin in pulmonary fibrosis groups and saline in controls.