Two-Dimensional Fluctuation Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-FlucCS): A Method to Determine the Origin of Relaxation Rate Dispersion.

Relaxation rate dispersion, i.e., nonexponential or multicomponent kinetics, is observed in complex systems when measuring relaxation kinetics.

Practical Aspects of Acne Scar Management: ASAP 2024.

Acne scars are one of the most common complications of acne. They can significantly affect the patient's quality of life. Often, several types of atrophic acne scars are observed simultaneously; therefore, consideration must be given to the type of scar while choosing the treatment modality.

Modulation of terpenoid indole alkaloid pathway via elicitation with phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles for the enhancement of ajmalicine, a pharmaceutically important alkaloid.

The use of silver nanoparticles as elicitors in cell cultures of Rauwolfia serpentina resulted in increased levels of ajmalicine, upregulated structural and regulatory genes, elevated MDA content, and reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes. These findings hold potential for developing a cost-effective method for commercial ajmalicine production. Plants possess an intrinsic ability to detect various stress signals, prompting the activation of defense mechanisms through the reprogramming of metabolites to counter adverse conditions.

Brief intervention to enhance cessation of smokeless tobacco use in newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancers: A randomized controlled trial in patient-relative dyads.

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major causative factor for head and neck cancers (HNC). Continued use of tobacco even after cancer diagnosis is common and is associated with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality, cancer recurrence and poor treatment response. Evidence suggests that behavioral interventions, help achieve greater smoking cessation rates in HNC patients.

Convalescent plasma (hyperimmune immunoglobulin) for COVID-19 management: An update.

The pandemic COVID-19 has spread widely throughout the globe and has been responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. Recently, it has been identified that there is no specific and 100% effective treatment available to manage the infection especially for the severe cases. A significant amount of research efforts and clinical trials have been undertaken globally and many more are underway to find the potential treatment option.

Vignette of domestication: From archives to genomics.

The genus comprises fast-growing, diploid legumes, cultivated in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. It comprises more than 200 species among which , , , , , , and are of enormous agronomic importance. Human selection along with natural variability within these species encompasses a vital source for developing new varieties.

NRF2 mediates melanoma addiction to GCDH by modulating apoptotic signalling.

Tumour dependency on specific metabolic signals has been demonstrated and often guided numerous therapeutic approaches. We identify melanoma addiction to the mitochondrial protein glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), which functions in lysine metabolism and controls protein glutarylation. GCDH knockdown induced cell death programmes in melanoma cells, an activity blocked by inhibition of the upstream lysine catabolism enzyme DHTKD1.

Effectiveness of High Power Laser Therapy on Pain and Isokinetic Peak Torque in Athletes with Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy: A Randomized Trial.

Athletes such as long-distance runners, sprinters, hockey, and/or football players may have proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT). Laser therapy has been shown to be effective in tendinopathies. High power laser therapy (HPLT) is used for the treatment of several musculoskeletal conditions; however, its efficacy on PHT has not been investigated.

Impact of cancer diagnosis on use of smokeless tobacco: A descriptive study of patient-relative dyads.

Background: The time of cancer diagnosis is considered as a teaching moment with regard to tobacco cessation.

Aim: In view of the limited studies focussing on smokeless tobacco (SLT), we aimed to assess the patterns of SLT use, attitudes toward SLT use in the context of cancer diagnosis, and factors associated with quitting SLT in dyads consisting newly diagnosed patients with head and neck cancers and their relatives.

Material And Method: A total of 106 such dyads were assessed on cross-sectional study design.

Extracting quantitative dielectric properties from pump-probe spectroscopy.

Optical pump-probe spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the study of non-equilibrium electronic dynamics and finds wide applications across a range of fields, from physics and chemistry to material science and biology. However, a shortcoming of conventional pump-probe spectroscopy is that photoinduced changes in transmission, reflection and scattering can simultaneously contribute to the measured differential spectra, leading to ambiguities in assigning the origin of spectral signatures and ruling out quantitative interpretation of the spectra. Ideally, these methods would measure the underlying dielectric function (or the complex refractive index) which would then directly provide quantitative information on the transient excited state dynamics free of these ambiguities.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Pathways and Candidate Genes Controlling Seed Development and Size in Ricebean ().

Ricebean () is a lesser known pulse with well-recognized potential. Recently, it has emerged as a legume with endowed nutritional potential because of high concentration of quality protein and other vital nutrients in its seeds. However, the genes and pathways involved in regulating seed development and size are not understood in this crop.

Non-equilibrium thermoelectric transport across normal metal-quantum dot-superconductor hybrid system within the Coulomb blockade regime.

A detailed investigation of the non-equilibrium steady-state electric and thermoelectric transport properties of a quantum dot (QD) coupled to the normal metallic and s-wave superconducting reservoirs (N-QD-S) are provided within the Coulomb blockade regime. Using non-equilibrium Keldysh Green's function formalism, initially, various model parameter dependences of thermoelectric transport properties are analysed within the linear response regime. It is observed that the single-particle tunnelling close to the superconducting gap edge can generate a relatively large thermopower and figure of merit.

An overview of the phytosynthesis of various metal nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is an emerging branch of science wherein various valuable molecules with altered properties can be synthesized and utilized for numerous technological applications. Nowadays, nanotechnology is the preferred tool for the agriculture, food, and medicine industries. However, consistent accumulation of toxic by-products during the synthesis of nanoparticles from the established physical and chemical methods imposes an unprecedented danger to the environment and human well-being.

Nonequilibrium Carrier Transport in Quantum Dot Heterostructures.

Understanding carrier dynamics and transport in quantum dot based heterostructures is crucial for unlocking their full potential for optoelectronic applications. Here we report the direct visualization of carrier propagation in PbS CQD solids and quantum-dot-in-perovskite heterostructures using femtosecond transient absorption microscopy. We reveal three distinct transport regimes: an initial superdiffusive transport persisting over hundreds of femtoseconds, an Auger-assisted subdiffusive transport before thermal equilibrium is achieved, and a final hopping regime.

Tetrafluoroborate-Induced Reduction in Defect Density in Hybrid Perovskites through Halide Management.

Hybrid-perovskite-based optoelectronic devices are demonstrating unprecedented growth in performance, and defect passivation approaches are highly promising routes to further improve properties. Here, the effect of the molecular ion BF , introduced via methylammonium tetrafluoroborate (MABF ) in a surface treatment for MAPbI perovskite, is reported. Optical spectroscopy characterization shows that the introduction of tetrafluoroborate leads to reduced non-radiative charge-carrier recombination with a reduction in first-order recombination rate from 6.

MAPK signaling regulates c-MYC for melanoma cell adaptation to asparagine restriction.

Amino acid restriction is among promising potential cancer treatment strategies. However, cancer cells employ a multitude of mechanisms to mount resistance to amino acid restriction, which impede the latter's clinical development. Here we show that MAPK signaling activation in asparagine-restricted melanoma cells impairs GSK3-β-mediated c-MYC degradation.

Influence of superconductivity on the magnetic moment of quantum impurity embedded in BCS superconductor.

We study the influence of superconductivity on the formation of the localized magnetic moment for a single-level quantum impurity embedded in an s-wave Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superconducting medium, modeled by single-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian. We have combined Bogoliubov transformation with Green's function method within self-consistent Hartree-Fock Mean Field approximation to analyze the conditions necessary in metal (in the superconducting) for the formation of the magnetic moment at the impurity site for the low-frequency limit $|\omega|<<\Delta_{sc}$ as well as for the finite superconducting gap $\Delta_{sc}$. We have compared these results with other theoretical results and with the single-level quantum impurity embedded in the normal metallic host.

Brief Intervention for Tobacco when Diagnosed with Oral Cancer (BITDOC): Study protocol of a randomized clinical trial studying efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention, Chhattisgarh, India.

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major causative factor for cancer. Cessation programs along with diagnosis of cancer as a motivating factor may improve quitting rates in patients. This is a protocol of a study that aims to assess the efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention (compared to treatment as usual, TAU) on pattern and attitudes towards tobacco chewing in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients and their relatives.

Assessment of preferable site for temperature measurement using non-contact infra-red temperature among pediatric patients.

Background: Accurate temperature measurement with little or no discomfort that is safe, without risk of hospital-acquired infections or perforations, is the preferred choice of medical professionals in pediatric settings. The objective was to discover the preferable site for body temperature measurement using non-contact infra-red thermometer (NCIT) among pediatric patients.

Methods: NCIT measurement at mid forehead (F), right temporal region (T), right side of neck-over-carotid artery area (N), jugular notch (J), sternum (S), umbilical region and sublingual region (U) were compared with digital axillary temperature (DAT) in a single attempt in 500 patients, aged between 2 to 5 years with fever.

Translational reprogramming marks adaptation to asparagine restriction in cancer.

While amino acid restriction remains an attractive strategy for cancer therapy, metabolic adaptations limit its effectiveness. Here we demonstrate a role of translational reprogramming in the survival of asparagine-restricted cancer cells. Asparagine limitation in melanoma and pancreatic cancer cells activates receptor tyrosine kinase-MAPK signalling as part of a feedforward mechanism involving mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent increase in MAPK-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), resulting in enhanced translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) mRNA.

Ultrafast Tracking of Exciton and Charge Carrier Transport in Optoelectronic Materials on the Nanometer Scale.

We present a novel optical transient absorption and reflection microscope based on a diffraction-limited pump pulse in combination with a wide-field probe pulse, for the spatiotemporal investigation of ultrafast population transport in thin films. The microscope achieves a temporal resolution down to 12 fs and simultaneously provides sub-10 nm spatial accuracy. We demonstrate the capabilities of the microscope by revealing an ultrafast excited-state exciton population transport of up to 32 nm in a thin film of pentacene and by tracking the carrier motion in p-doped silicon.

BRCA1/BARD1-dependent ubiquitination of NF2 regulates Hippo-YAP1 signaling.

Coordination of growth and genomic stability is critical for normal cell physiology. Although the E3 ubiquitin ligase BRCA1 is a key player in maintenance of genomic stability, its role in growth signaling remains elusive. Here, we show that BRCA1 facilitates stabilization of YAP1 protein and turning "off" the Hippo pathway through ubiquitination of NF2.

Tuning the oscillatory dynamics of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction using ruthenium nanoparticle decorated graphene.

The classic Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, which involves transition metal catalysed redox reactions, represents a family of nonlinear chemical oscillators. Here, we show that it is possible to tune the oscillatory dynamics of the BZ reaction by using a hybrid 2D material, i.e.