Exploring paediatric oral suspension development: Challenges, requirements, and formulation advancements.

Oral suspension is the most preferred dosage form for the paediatric population because of the difficulties related to solid medications, such as the swallowing limitations, bitter taste, and poor oral bioavailability, which can cause serious impairment to attain a successful treatment. Given the importance of successful therapies, there is a need for safe and effective commercially-available paediatric oral suspension and their characterization. For the latter, it is important to identify safe excipients and preservatives.

Application of Tablet in Tablet technique to design and characterize immediate and modified release tablets of Timolol maleate.

Hypertension is one of the major causes of mortality in the world. The non-selective -β-blocker which includes Timolol maleate (TM) is usually used in hypertension, at a given dose of 10-40 mg. The present research aims to design a tablet-in-tablet (TIT) formulation as a single-unit dosage form to achieve modified and rapid drug release.

Advancements in transdermal drug delivery: A comprehensive review of physical penetration enhancement techniques.

Transdermal drug administration has grown in popularity in the pharmaceutical research community due to its potential to improve drug bioavailability, compliance among patients, and therapeutic effectiveness. To overcome the substantial barrier posed by the stratum corneum (SC) and promote drug absorption within the skin, various physical penetration augmentation approaches have been devised. This review article delves into popular physical penetration augmentation techniques, which include sonophoresis, iontophoresis, magnetophoresis, thermophoresis, needle-free injection, and microneedles (MNs) Sonophoresis is a technique that uses low-frequency ultrasonic waves to break the skin's barrier characteristics, therefore improving drug transport and distribution.

Overview of phytosomes in treating cancer: Advancement, challenges, and future outlook.

One of the major causes of death on the globe is cancer. It has remained a significant obstacle for current therapies and has not yet been effectively treated. Conventional treatment strategies available for cancer such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy etc.

An overview of the implementation of SeDeM and SSCD in various formulation developments.

The Sediment Delivery Model explains experimental analysis and quantitative assessment of the powdered substance characterizing parameters, which offer pertinent data about the material's appropriateness for direct compression (DC) of tablet, which involves mathematical modeling and Semisolid Control Diagram using software like iTCM. The SeDeM diagram expert system (DES) determines the suitability of excipients and active ingredients for DC and the ratio of API to excipient is calculated. The DC is most suitable as it saves time and makes process easy, but these technique excipients compensate for their poor flow.

Dry Powder Inhaler with the technical and practical obstacles, and forthcoming platform strategies.

A Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) is a technique as well as a device used to inhale formulation which is in the form of dry powder, and is inhaled through the nose or mouth. It was developed for the purpose of treating conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Asthma, and even cystic fibrosis etc. The aim of the review is to discuss the different methods of preparation of dry powders along with the characterization of DPI.

Formulation, development and in vitro characterization of modified release tablets of capecitabine.

The main aim of this research work was to develop and evaluate cost effective modified release tablets of Capecitabine (CAP) without utilizing coating techniques. The tablets were prepared by non-aqueous wet granulation method. Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was used as an extended release matrix former and sodium alginate (SA) was used as sustained release agent due to its gel forming ability.

Correction: Nanocrystalline Fe-FeO particle-deposited N-doped graphene as an activity-modulated Pt-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.

Correction for 'Nanocrystalline Fe-FeO particle-deposited N-doped graphene as an activity-modulated Pt-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction' by Vishal M. Dhavale et al., Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 20117-20125.

Nanocrystalline Fe-Fe2O3 particle-deposited N-doped graphene as an activity-modulated Pt-free electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction.

The size-controlled growth of nanocrystalline Fe-Fe2O3 particles (2-3 nm) and their concomitant dispersion on N-doped graphene (Fe-Fe2O3/NGr) could be attained when the mutually assisted redox reaction between NGr and Fe(3+) ions could be controlled within the aqueous droplets of a water-in-oil emulsion. The synergistic interaction existing between Fe-Fe2O3 and NGr helped the system to narrow down the overpotential for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by bringing a significant positive shift to the reduction onset potential, which is just 15 mV higher than its Pt-counterpart. In addition, the half-wave potential (E1/2) of Fe-Fe2O3/NGr is found to be improved by a considerable amount of 135 mV in comparison to the system formed by dispersing Fe-Fe2O3 nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (Fe-Fe2O3/RGO), which indicates the presence of a higher number of active sites in Fe-Fe2O3/NGr.

Nitrogen-doped graphene interpenetrated 3D Ni-nanocages: efficient and stable water-to-dioxygen electrocatalysts.

Herein, we report the synthesis of a nitrogen-doped graphene (NGr) interpenetrated 3D Ni-nanocage (Ni-NGr) electrocatalyst by a simple water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion technique for oxidation of water to dioxygen. Correlation of adsorption of NGr and subsequent interpenetration through the specific surface plane of nickel particles as well as the concomitant interaction of N and C with Ni in the nano-regime has been investigated. Apart from the benefits of the synergistic interactions between Ni, N, and C, the overall integrity of the structure and its intra-molecular connectivity within the framework help in achieving better oxygen evolution characteristics at a significantly reduced overpotential.

Design and in vitro characterization of buccoadhesive tablets of timolol maleate.

Objective: The purpose of this work was to develop and evaluate buccoadhesive tablets of timolol maleate (TM) due to its potential to circumvent the first-pass metabolism and to improve its bioavailability.

Methods: The tablets were prepared by direct compression using two release modifying polymers, Carbopol 974P (Cp-974p) and sodium alginate (SA). A 3(2) full factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, Cp-974p and SA, in various proportions in percent w/w, which influences the in vitro drug release and bioadhesive strengths.