Pharmacological Approach to Sleep Disturbances in Autism Spectrum Disorders with Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Literature Review.

Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant emotional, social and behavioral dysfunction. Sleep disorders co-occur in approximately half of the patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sleep problems in individuals with ASD have also been associated with poor social interaction, increased stereotypy, problems in communication, and overall autistic behavior.

Depression score changes in response to sleep disordered breathing treatment with positive airway pressure in a large clinic-based cohort.

Objective: The clinical-population impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) on depressive symptoms in sleep disordered breathing (SDB) awaits clear documentation. We hypothesized that depressive symptoms improve in response to PAP treatment in a large clinical setting, and that lower socio-economic status poses barriers to full therapeutic response.

Method: We performed a retrospective cohort study of SDB patients attending a tertiary ambulatory sleep center between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015.

Positive airway pressure adherence in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Study Objectives: to determine the short-term positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence rates and to identify non-mask-related risk factors associated with 30-day nonadherence to PAP in a population of veterans with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Design: a retrospective study.

Settings: a Veterans Affairs hospital.

Endothelial function in patients with post-CPAP residual sleepiness.

Study Objectives: The significance of residual excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) on cardiovascular markers in patients with adequately treated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, and interleukin [IL]-6) in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-compliant patients with residual EDS compared with CPAP-compliant patients without residual EDS.

Methods: FMD of the brachial artery was measured by ultrasound in 12 CPAP-compliant patients with OSA who had residual EDS and 12 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched CPAP-compliant patients with OSA who did not have residual EDS on week 8 after initiation of CPAP.