High-Q Emission from Colloidal Quantum Dots Embedded in Polymer Quasi-BIC Metasurfaces.

Metasurfaces supporting narrowband resonances are of significant interest in photonics for molecular sensing, quantum light source engineering, and nonlinear photonics. However, many device architectures rely on large refractive index dielectric materials and lengthy fabrication processes. In this work, we demonstrate quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) using a polymer metasurface exhibiting experimental quality factors of 305 at visible wavelengths.

Assessment of the onset of analgesia and length of analgesia following the use of PBM with different wavelengths: a clinical study.

This clinical study assessed photobiomodulation (PBM) induced analgesic effects of diode lasers and an LED light source on the dental pulp. Baseline responses to electric pulp testing (EPT) were recorded in 93 healthy unrestored premolar teeth in 26 adults (age range 22-63 years) attending a private dental practice. The teeth were irradiated on buccal and lingual aspects of the crown, by placing the tips on the middle third of the crown of the teeth, on separate days for each of 4 different light sources (660, 808, or 904 nm diode lasers, or a novel multi-wavelength LED light source (700-1100 nm)) using comparable parameters (100 mW, 30 s, 6 J).

Observational Study on the Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Common Femoral Endarterectomy in Conjunction With an Endovascular Procedure Compared With Common Femoral Endarterectomy Alone.

Objective: A hybrid approach is being employed increasingly in the management of peripheral arterial disease. This study aimed to assess the surgical site infection (SSI) incidence of hybrid revascularisation (HR) compared with common femoral endarterectomy (CFEA) alone.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent CFEA or HR alongside CFEA between 2017 and 2021 including one year of follow up.

Resonant Anti-Reflection Metasurfaces for Infrared Transmission Optics.

A fundamental capability needed for any transmissive optical component is anti-reflection, yet this capability can be challenging to achieve in a cost-effective manner over longer infrared wavelengths. We demonstrate that Mie-resonant photonic structures can enable high transmission through a high-index optical component, allowing it to function effectively over long-wavelength infrared wavelengths. Using silicon as a model system, we demonstrate a resonant metasurface that enables a window optic with transmission up to 40% greater than that of unpatterned Si.

Does luminosity and smear layer influence 810 nm laser energy transmission through human dentine?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of luminosity values and smear layer on transmission characteristics of 810 nm near infrared laser energy through dentine, using extracted human teeth.

Methods: A total of 200 teeth treated with endodontic medicaments to cause discolouration (Ledermix, Doxypaste or Odontopaste) were selected, to give a range of values for tooth shade (luminosity values). Sectioned teeth had smear layer created or removed.

Influence of crural vessel run-off on short- and mid-term outcomes following femoro-popliteal bypass grafting.

Objectives: To determine the influence that the number of patent crural run-off vessels has on short- and mid-term outcomes following femoro-popliteal bypass.

Methods: All patients undergoing index femoro-popliteal bypass grafting between 2013 and 19 at our unit were included. Preoperative imaging was used to stratify patients into cohorts with either one or ≥2 patent run-off vessels.

Sociobehavioural Factors Associated With Child Oral Health During COVID-19.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the sociobehavioural factors that influenced children's oral health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The online cross-sectional study was conducted in Al Jouf Province in the northern region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 960 parents of children aged 5 to 14 years were invited by multistage stratified random sampling.

A 2-year Comparative Analysis of Outcomes and Endovascular Interventions in Radio-Cephalic vs. Brachio-Cephalic Fistulae.

Background: Arterio-venous fistulae are often compromised by complications, notably thrombosis. We assess the 2 year follow-up data of a cohort of patients from a single vascular centre in the UK who underwent BCF or RCF creation with the objective of assessing the outcome differences and intervention rates between fistula types.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively assessed a cohort of 195 patients who underwent creation of arterio-venous fistula (100 BCF, 95 RCF) between January 2016 and December 2018, following them up for 2 years assessing the outcomes and interventions on their AVFs.

Effectiveness of photobiomodulation in reducing pain and producing dental analgesia: a systematic review.

Purpose: Photobiomodulation (PBM) is reported in many studies to produce dental analgesia without producing thermal damage to tissues. This systematic review aims to assess in vivo studies to support the statement that PBM can produce dental analgesia.

Method: A systematic search strategy was constructed, and PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched.

Assessment of caries diagnostic thresholds of DMFT, ICDAS II and CAST in the estimation of caries prevalence rate in first permanent molars in early permanent dentition-a cross-sectional study.

Background: The actual burden of dental caries prevalence varies with the caries assessment tool used. Therefore, the present study evaluated the caries diagnostic potentials of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT); International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II and Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) indices in estimating the caries prevalence rate of first permanent molar (FPM) in Saudi male children aged 7-9 years.

Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 390 children by multistage stratified cluster sampling method in Al-Jouf Province, Saudi Arabia.

Binder free cobalt iron phosphate thin films as efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting.

Designing nanostructure based robust catalyst for the electrochemical water splitting is the great task in the energy conversion field to accomplish high electrical conductivity, low overpotential and long lasting activity. Herein, the electrochemical overall water splitting is reported by using the hydrothermally synthesized binder free cobalt iron phosphate thin films on low cost stainless steel substrates as a conducting backbone for the first time. The effect of composition ratio variation of cobalt and iron was studied on the structural, compositional, morphological, and surface electronic properties by conducting various characterizations which results in amorphous hydrous cobalt iron phosphate having mesoporosity.

Multiscale Photonic Emissivity Engineering for Relativistic Lightsail Thermal Regulation.

The Breakthrough Starshot Initiative aims to send a gram-scale probe to our nearest extrasolar neighbors using a laser-accelerated lightsail traveling at relativistic speeds. Thermal management is a key lightsail design objective because of the intense laser powers required but has generally been considered secondary to accelerative performance. Here, we demonstrate nanophotonic photonic crystal slab reflectors composed of 2H-phase molybdenum disulfide and crystalline silicon nitride, highlight the inverse relationship between the thermal band extinction coefficient and the lightsail's maximum temperature, and examine the trade-off between minimizing acceleration distance and setting realistic sail thermal limits, ultimately realizing a thermally endurable acceleration minimum distance of 23.

Significance of preoperative thrombus burden in the prediction of a persistent type II and reintervention after infrarenal endovascular aneurysm repair.

Background: Persistent type II endoleak has necessitated prolonged surveillance and is a reason for reintervention after infrarenal endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The aim of this study was to assess the association of thrombus burden (TB) within the aneurysmal sac in the prediction of a persistent type II endoleaks.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent infrarenal EVAR from October 2009 to October 2017 in a single vascular network were included.

Safety and Validity of the Proposed European Society for Vascular Surgery Infrarenal Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Surveillance Protocol: A Single Centre Evaluation.

Objective: Long term surveillance after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is essential to detect late complications, but there is variation in practice. The European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) made a recommendation for a new surveillance protocol; one element involves risk stratifying patients depending on sac size reduction and presence of endoleak at their 30 day computed tomography angiogram into low risk groups (delayed imaging to five years) or higher risk groups (continue with the current protocol). The aim was to test this suggested protocol retrospectively within an EVAR patient cohort.

Vessel diameter and close surveillance helps predict early patency in native arteriovenous fistulas.

Introduction: Arteriovenous fistulas are the preferred method of vascular access for haemodialysis. Data suggests patency rates can be low and may be related to vessel diameters prior to creation. We use specific size criteria for fistula selection.

Neurosurgical Outcomes, Protocols, and Resource Management During Lockdown: Early Institutional Experience from One of the World's Largest COVID 19 Hotspots.

Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic surpasses 1 year, it is prudent to reflect on the challenges faced and the management strategies employed to tackle this overwhelming health care crisis. We undertook this study to validate our institutional protocols, which were formulated to cater to the change in volume and pattern of neurosurgical cases during the raging pandemic.

Methods: All admitted patients scheduled to undergo major neurosurgical intervention during the lockdown period (15 March 2020 to 15 September 2020) were included in the study.

Posterior Cerebral Circulation Stroke Secondary to Foetal Origin of Posterior Communicating Artery: An Indication for Carotid Endarterectomy.

Introduction: Posterior cerebral circulation strokes are most commonly caused by posterior vasculature thrombosis, cardiac emboli, or arterial dissection. However, the foetal origin of the posterior communicating artery is an anatomical variant of the cerebral circulation that results in communication between the internal carotid and posterior cerebral circulation. Therefore, rarely this can result in posterior cerebral territory infarction from internal carotid artery thrombo-embolism.

Bilateral Acute Lower Limb Ischemia Secondary to COVID-19.

COVID-19 has to date affected over 5 million people worldwide and caused in excess of 300000 deaths. One of the principal finding is that of a thrombotic tendency within the lungs leading to high mortality. There have been increasing number of reports of peripheral arterial thrombosis as well.

The effect of photobiomodulation on human dental pulp-derived stem cells: systematic review.

This systematic review assessed if photobiomodulation of human dental pulp tissue improved cell viability, proliferation, and/or differentiation compared with a placebo. This systematic review was conducted in line with PRISMA. PICO question was established; inclusion and exclusion criteria were established before a search had begun.

Successful Endovascular Repair of a Ruptured Popliteal Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report and Literature Review.

. It is rare for a popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) to present with rupture. This case reports a longer-term success in the management of a large ruptured popliteal artery aneurysm with an endovascular approach, with a literature review of management of such cases.

Evaluating the effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(s) for relief of pain associated with temporomandibular joint disorders: A systematic review.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to compile the latest evidence to assess the effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(s) (NSAID) in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) in relieving pain. TMDs are a group of musculoskeletal disorders that affect the temporomandibular joint and/or masticatory muscles.

Methods: After a literature review, a comprehensive search was conducted via Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases with a systematic search strategy.

Mycotic Aneurysm of Brachial Artery Secondary to Infective Endocarditis.

Introduction: This case describes a brachial artery mycotic aneurysm (BAMA) secondary to infective endocarditis caused by . BAMAs are rare and potentially limb or life threatening. A literature review revealed 61 cases since 1950, primarily caused by intravenous drug use, with being the most common causative bacteria.

Changes in diet composition with urbanization and its effect on the polycystic ovarian syndrome phenotype in a Western Indian population.

Objective: To study the effects of increasingly prosperous diet content on clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: A cross-sectional cohort study of 711 women with PCOS from a heterogeneous population spanning a wide spectrum of socioeconomic strata.

Setting: Independent hospital.