Neuroimmune mechanisms of a mouse model of chronic back pain.

Unlabelled: Chronic back pain (CBP) is the leading cause of disability affecting 1 in 10 people worldwide. Symptoms are marked by persistent lower back pain, reduced mobility, and heightened cold sensitivity. Here, we utilize a mouse model of CBP induced by injecting urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), a proinflammatory agent in the fibrinolytic pathway, between the L2/L3 lumbar vertebrae.

Piloting a Novel Computational Framework for Identifying Prosthesis-Specific Contributions to Gait Deviations.

This paper introduces a novel computational framework for evaluating above-knee prostheses, addressing a major challenge in gait deviation studies: distinguishing between prosthesis-specific and patient-specific contributions to gait deviations. This innovative approach utilizes three separate computational models to quantify the changes in gait dynamics necessary to achieve a set of ideal gait kinematics across different prosthesis designs. The pilot study presented here employs a simple two-dimensional swing-phase model to conceptually demonstrate how the outcomes of this three-model framework can assess the extent to which prosthesis design impacts a user's ability to replicate the dynamics of able-bodied gait.

Machine Learning Elucidates Electrophysiological Properties Predictive of Multi- and Single-Firing Human and Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons.

Human and mouse dorsal root ganglia (hDRG and mDRG) neurons are important tools in understanding the molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms that underlie nociception and drive pain behaviors. One of the simplest differences in firing phenotypes is that neurons are single-firing (exhibit only one action potential) or multi-firing (exhibit 2 or more action potentials). To determine if single- and multi-firing hDRG neurons exhibit differences in intrinsic properties, firing phenotypes, and AP waveform properties, and if these properties could be used to predict multi-firing, we measured 22 electrophysiological properties by whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology of 94 hDRG neurons from six male and four female donors.

Machine learning elucidates electrophysiological properties predictive of multi- and single-firing human and mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons.

Human and mouse dorsal root ganglia (hDRG and mDRG) neurons are important tools in understanding the molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms that underlie nociception and drive pain behaviors. One of the simplest differences in firing phenotypes is that neurons are single-firing (exhibit only one action potential) or multi-firing (exhibit 2 or more action potentials). To determine if single- and multi-firing hDRG exhibit differences in intrinsic properties, firing phenotypes, and AP waveform properties, and if these properties could be used to predict multi-firing, we measured 22 electrophysiological properties by whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology of 94 hDRG neurons from 6 male and 4 female donors.

Electrophysiological Analyses of Human Dorsal Root Ganglia and Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Sensory Neurons From Male and Female Donors.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons (hiPSC-SNs) and human dorsal root ganglia neurons (hDRG-N) are popular tools in the field of pain research; however, few groups make use of both approaches. For screening and analgesic validation purposes, important characterizations can be determined of the similarities and differences between hDRG-N and hiPSC-SNs. This study focuses specifically on the electrophysiology properties of hDRG-N in comparison to hiPSC-SNs.

Electrophysiological analyses of human dorsal root ganglia and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons from male and female donors.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons (hiPSC-SNs) and human dorsal root ganglia (hDRG) neurons are popular tools in the field of pain research; however, few groups make use of both approaches. For screening and analgesic validation purposes, important characterizations can be determined of the similarities and differences between hDRG and hiPSC-SNs. This study focuses specifically on electrophysiology properties of hDRG in comparison to hiPSC-SNs.

Rapid Generation and Molecular Docking Analysis of Single-Chain Fragment Variable (scFv) Antibody Selected by Ribosome Display Targeting Cholecystokinin B Receptor (CCK-BR) for Reduction of Chronic Neuropathic Pain.

A robust cell-free platform technology, ribosome display in combination with cloning, expression, and purification was utilized to develop single chain Fragment variable (scFv) antibody variants as pain therapy directed at the mouse cholecystokinin B (CCK-B) receptor. Three effective CCK-B peptide-specific scFvs were generated through ribosomal display technology. Soluble expression and ELISA analysis showed that one antibody, scFv77-2 had the highest binding and could be purified from bacterial cells in large quantities.

A review on blockchain for DNA sequence: security issues, application in DNA classification, challenges and future trends.

In biological science, the study of DNA sequences is considered an important factor because it carries the genomic details that can be used by researchers and doctors for the early prediction of disease using DNA classification. The NCBI has the world's largest database of genetic sequences, but the security of this massive amount of data is currently the greatest issue. One of the options is to encrypt these genetic sequences using blockchain technology.

Rare Case of Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema Syndrome with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance.

BACKGROUND Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) is a rare condition with underlying polyarthritis, pitting edema, and negative rheumatoid factor. It can be associated with an underlying rheumatological condition or can present as a paraneoplastic syndrome with malignancy. We present a rare case of RS3PE associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undermined significance (MGUS).

Plant-derived natural products targeting ion channels for pain.

Chronic pain affects approximately one-fifth of people worldwide and reduces quality of life and in some cases, working ability. Ion channels expressed along nociceptive pathways affect neuronal excitability and as a result modulate pain experience. Several ion channels have been identified and investigated as potential targets for new medicines for the treatment of a variety of human diseases, including chronic pain.

Use of recombinant calflagin protein as a potential candidate for diagnosis of Trypanosoma evansi infection.

Serodiagnosis of surra, caused by Trypanosoma evansi, is still based on native antigens purified from bloodstream form of T. evansi grown in rodents. In order to investigate prospective diagnostic possibilities as an alternative for native antigens, we cloned, expressed 26 kDa calflagin protein containing 218 amino acids from T.

A comprehensive tool for rapid and accurate prediction of disease using DNA sequence classifier.

In the current pandemic situation where the coronavirus is spreading very fast that can jump from one human to another. Along with this, there are millions of viruses for example Ebola, SARS, etc. that can spread as fast as the coronavirus due to the mobilization and globalization of the population and are equally deadly.

Antiviral activity of molnupiravir against COVID-19: a schematic review of evidences.

Background: The study was aimed at encapsulating the evidence of in vitro and in vivo antiviral activities of molnupiravir and its active form against highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen responsible for COVID-19, and finding out the efficacy and safety of molnupiravir in clinical trials.

Main Body: Information on publications was explored on several databases, gray literature was reviewed, and the outcomes were discussed narratively. Molnupiravir's antiviral efficacy and associated mechanism of action have been verified in vitro against both non-COVID and multiple coronaviruses.

Post-acute COVID-19 functional movement disorder.

Movement disorders are rare compared to other neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Patients who have recovered from acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection continue to have multiple debilitating symptoms months later. We report a case of 54-year-old man who presented with repetitive flexion movement of head which started 2 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection.

Three-dimensional nonlinear dynamics of prestressed active filaments: Flapping, swirling, and flipping.

Initially straight slender elastic filaments or rods with constrained ends buckle and form stable two-dimensional shapes when prestressed by bringing the ends together. Beyond a critical value of this prestress, rods can also deform off plane and form twisted three-dimensional equilibrium shapes. Here, we analyze the three-dimensional instabilities and dynamics of such deformed filaments subject to nonconservative active follower forces and fluid drag.

Implementation of Telemedicine in a Tertiary Hospital-Based Ambulatory Practice in Detroit During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has forced the health care delivery structure to change rapidly. The pandemic has further widened the disparities in health care and exposed vulnerable populations. Health care services caring for such populations must not only continue to operate but create innovative methods of care delivery without compromising safety.

A Case of COVID-19 With Memory Impairment and Delayed Presentation as Stroke.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory pathogen with remarkable properties of multisystem involvement and numerous complications. The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) presenting as stroke is becoming more common. Herein, we describe an unusual case of COVID-19 in a patient who initially presented with myalgia, fatigue, loss of taste and smell, and non-specific memory impairment.

Linearized Bayesian inference for Young's modulus parameter field in an elastic model of slender structures.

The deformations of several slender structures at nano-scale are conceivably sensitive to their non-homogenous elasticity. Owing to their small scale, it is not feasible to discern their elasticity parameter fields accurately using observations from physical experiments. Molecular dynamics simulations can provide an alternative or additional source of data.

A Rare Presentation of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Presenting With Bleeding Esophageal Varices Secondary to a Malignant Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis.

A 60-year-old woman presented with six months of abdominal pain, weight loss and diarrhea for which she underwent bidirectional endoscopies that were unremarkable. Over the next two weeks, she developed non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and presented with esophageal variceal bleeding. A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma encircling her celiac axis with a tumor thrombosis of the superior mesenteric, splenic and portal veins was found to be the cause of her portal hypertension.

A Case of COVID-19 Infection With Delayed Thromboembolic Complication on Warfarin.

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed an unprecedented threat to humanity with more than eight million infections and 450,000 deaths reported worldwide so far. The spectrum of the disease varies from mild asymptomatic infection to severe disease with rapid progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan failure. It is associated with a prothrombotic state and hence there is a risk of thromboembolic complications in critically ill patients, even after recovery.

Secondary angiodysplasia-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in end-stage renal disease: Results from the nationwide inpatient sample.

Background: Chronic kidney disease is associated with angiodysplasia of gastrointestinal tract leading to increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Aim: To determine the nationwide prevalence, trends, predictors and resource utilization of angiodysplasia-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in end-stage renal disease hospitalizations.

Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2009 to 2014, was utilized to conduct a retrospective study on patients with angiodysplasia associated- gastrointestinal bleeding and end-stage renal disease.

Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma Treated With CyBorD.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a life-threatening state generally occurring as a complication of conditioning regimens used for hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Hepatic SOS after a standard dose of chemotherapy in malignancies is rare, and there are only a few cases in pediatric literature. We report a 56-year-old man with multiple myeloma who experienced SOS after being initiated on chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone, and bortezomib and who experienced a delay in treatment with defibrotide, because it is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for only patients who develop SOS after hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Celiac Artery Portal Vein Fistula After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Presenting as Heart Failure.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an important therapeutic tool available to decrease portal vein pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. TIPS is associated with various complications, and fistula formation is an important one to be noted. We present an unusual and interesting case of a patient who developed right-sided heart failure 5 months after TIPS placement.

Effect of laser application in the healing of intrabony defects treated with bioactive glass.

Aims: Presence of bacteria within the environment of infrabony pockets affects healing during their treatment. Present investigation utilized a diode laser for pocket sanitization before the placement of bone biomaterial with the aim of enhancing the healing.

Materials And Methods: Twelve patients with bilateral intrabony defects participated in a split-mouth study design.

Fusobacterium Septicemia with Liver and Lung Abscesses Due to Diverticulitis.

The species is known for its association with septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (Lemierre's syndrome). Lemierre's syndrome is associated with septic emboli to the liver and lungs, often causing multiple abscesses. We present a unique case of septicemia in which the bacteria invaded the portal vein through the gastrointestinal mucosa due to diverticulitis and spread hematogenously to the liver and lungs, causing abscesses.