Hybrid quantum algorithms for flow problems.

For quantum computing (QC) to emerge as a practically indispensable computational tool, there is a need for quantum protocols with end-to-end practical applications-in this instance, fluid dynamics. We debut here a high-performance quantum simulator which we term QFlowS (Quantum Flow Simulator), designed for fluid flow simulations using QC. Solving nonlinear flows by QC generally proceeds by solving an equivalent infinite dimensional linear system as a result of linear embedding.

The area rule for circulation in three-dimensional turbulence.

An important idea underlying a plausible dynamical theory of circulation in three-dimensional turbulence is the so-called area rule, according to which the probability density function (PDF) of the circulation around closed loops depends only on the minimal area of the loop, not its shape. We assess the robustness of the area rule, for both planar and nonplanar loops, using high-resolution data from direct numerical simulations. For planar loops, the circulation moments for rectangular shapes match those for the square with only small differences, these differences being larger when the aspect ratio is farther from unity and when the moment order increases.

Five years review of extraction frequencies at S.D.M. College of dental sciences and Hospital in orthodontic department.

Background: To find out the frequency of extraction in general, in Class I, Class II Class III patients, and to compare the frequency of extraction among sex and age.

Material And Methods: 550 cases were selected retrospectively having detailed case history, complete records of facial photographs, lateral cephalogram, orthopantomographs and study models. Frequency of extraction was evaluated separately for class I, class II and class III malocclusion and for sex and ages, using the records collected.