Knowledge and practical skills for cancer pain management among nurses on remote islands in Japan and related factors nationwide.

Objective: To clarify the knowledge and practical skills needed for cancer pain management among nurses on remote islands in Japan and related factors nationwide.

Setting: Due to geographical factors, nurses working on remote islands in Japan have few opportunities to attend training programs, which makes it difficult to acquire the knowledge and practical skills needed to provide pain management for patients with cancer.

Methods: We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey regarding knowledge and practical skills in pain management for patients with cancer.

Association between Regular Exercise and Self-Rated Health and Sleep Quality among Adults in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Regular exercise may be associated with better self-rated health and sleep status. However, this correlation among various age groups, such as young, middle-aged, and older people, as well as during the COVID-19 pandemic, has not been examined. This study examined the correlation between regular exercise and self-rated health and sleep quality among adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.

First Report of Cluster B2a Species Causing Root Rot in Welsh Onion.

Hiroshima Prefecture has the highest production area of hydroponically grown Welsh onions ( L.) in Japan. Since the cultivation began in 1988, root rot (Fig.

In vitro assessment of effects of persistent organic pollutants on the transactivation of estrogen receptor α and β (ERα and ERβ) from the Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica).

To assess the effect of exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathway in Baikal seals (Pusa sibirica), we investigated the molecular characterizations and functions of two Baikal seal ER (bsER) isoforms, bsERα and bsERβ. The bsERα and bsERβ cDNA clones isolated have an open reading frame of 595 and 530 amino acid residues, respectively. The tissue distribution analyses of bsER mRNAs showed that bsERα transcripts were primarily found in the ovary and uterus, and bsERβ in the muscle in wild Baikal seals.

The Association Between Pain and Quality of Life for Patients With Cancer in an Outpatient Clinic, an Inpatient Oncology Ward, and Inpatient Palliative Care Units.

Purpose: This study was designed to clarify the association between pain and quality of life (QOL) of Japanese patients with cancer using a cancer-specific QOL scale (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] QLQ-C15-PAL) in 3 care settings (outpatient, inpatient, and palliative care units [PCUs]).

Methods: We examined the above-mentioned purpose for the total of 404 patients.

Results: In outpatients, physical, emotional functioning (EF), and global health status/QOL (QL item) were significantly correlated with average pain, and their correlation coefficients were -0.

[Study on Extraction Conditions of Water-Soluble Substances—Purity Test (4) for Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Listed in Japan's Specifications and Standards for Food Additives].

The food additive polyvinylpolypyrrolidone is approved for use as a filter aid. The water-soluble substances test of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone often shows poor reproducibility. The instruction "boil gently while stirring using a stirrer" was considered critical, and so this issue was examined.

Daytime physical activity and sleep in pre-schoolers with developmental disorders.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the association between daytime physical activity (PA) and sleep in pre-schoolers with or without autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).

Method: Thirty-one pre-school children with ASD and 16 age-matched controls were recruited. Sleep and PA patterns were measured with an Actiwatch for 7 days.

Psychometric properties and population-based score distributions of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers.

Objective: We aimed to present psychometric properties and describe the score distributions of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers (JSQ-P), a guardian-reported survey questionnaire for assessing sleep disturbances and problematic sleep habits among preschool children.

Methods: Guardians of 2998 toddlers in three communities and guardians of 102 patients diagnosed with sleep disorders in two clinics completed the JSQ-P.

Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed the 10 domains of the JSQ-P to be similar to our previous small-scale study and confirmed the robustness of the JSQ-P.

Body movement analysis during sleep for children with ADHD using video image processing.

In recent years, the amount of children with sleep disorders that cause arousal during sleep or light sleep is increasing. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a cause of this sleep disorder; children with ADHD have frequent body movement during sleep. Therefore, we investigated the body movement during sleep of children with and without ADHD using video imaging.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of a pertussis vaccination programme for Japan considering intergenerational infection.

Objective: The incidence of pertussis in adolescence and adulthood has been increasing, and pertussis outbreaks have occurred sporadically in Japan. The risk of intergenerational infection of pertussis is of concern. The aim of this study is to assess the cost-effectiveness of alternative vaccination programmes for replacing the conventional diphtheria-tetanus (DT) vaccine programme administered in adolescence, considering the risk of intergenerational infection.

Comparison between overall, cause-specific, and relative survival rates based on data from a population-based cancer registry.

Three kinds of survival rates are generally used depending on the purpose of the investigation: overall, cause-specific, and relative. The differences among these 3 survival rates are derived from their respective formulas; however, reports based on actual cancer registry data are few because of incomplete information and short follow-up duration recorded on cancer registration. The aim of this study was to numerically and visually compare these 3 survival rates on the basis of data from the Nagasaki Prefecture Cancer Registry.

Cancer incidence and mortality in Osaka, Japan: future trends estimation with an age-period-cohort model.

In previous studies we predicted future trends in cancer incidence for each prefecture in order to plan cancer control. Those predictions, however, did not take into account the characteristics of each prefecture. We therefore used the results of age-period-cohort analysis of incidence and mortality data of Osaka, and estimated the incidence and mortality of cancers at all sites and selected sites.

Lugol-voiding lesions are an important risk factor for a second primary squamous cell carcinoma in patients with esosphageal cancer or head and neck cancer.

Objectives: Lugol-voiding lesions (LVLs), detected by chromoendoscopy using iodine dye in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (EC) or head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNC), are associated with a second primary carcinoma in the other organ. We undertook a cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study to assess the risk for second primary carcinomas according to the severity of LVLs, on the basis of their number and size.

Methods: A total of 1,060 patients with only EC, only HNC, or both EC and HNC (EC+HNC) underwent esophageal endoscopic examination between January 1994 and January 2010.

[Relationship between seizure duration and bispectral index during modified electroconvulsive therapy].

Background: The relationship between seizure duration and bispectral index (BIS) has not been studied well in modified electroconvulsive therapy (mECT).

Methods: We studied the changes in BIS and recorded the seizure duration during mECT under propofol and suxamethonium anesthesia. We examined the relationship between seizure duration and BIS.

Intravenous anesthetics inhibit capacitative calcium entry in pulmonary venous smooth muscle cells.

Background: The authors have previously demonstrated that propofol attenuates capacitative calcium entry (CCE) via the protein kinase C signaling pathway in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PVSMCs). The current goals were to determine whether CCE exists in PVSMCs; to assess the roles of the protein kinase C, tyrosine kinase (TK), and rho-kinase signaling pathways in regulating CCE; and to investigate the extent and cellular mechanisms by which intravenous anesthetics (thiopental, midazolam, ketamine, and propofol) alter CCE.

Methods: Primary cultures of fura-2-loaded canine PVSMCs were placed in a dish (37 degrees C) on an inverted fluorescence microscope.