Factors associated with EMS on-scene time and its regional difference in road traffic injuries: a population-based observational study.

Background: The outcome of road traffic injury (RTI) is determined by duration of prehospital time, patient's demographics, and the type of injury and its mechanism. During the emergency medical service (EMS) prehospital time interval, on-scene time should be minimized for early treatment. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing on-scene EMS time among RTI patients.

ABCD approach at the #7119 center, telephone triage system in Tokyo, Japan; a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The algorithm and protocol of the #7119 telephone triage in Tokyo, Japan, had been originally established and consists of three steps. In this study, we investigated the outcome of patients treated with physiological abnormality (ABCD approach: A, airway; B, breathing; C, circulation, and D, dysfunction of central nervous system) in step 2 during the #7119 telephone triage and clarified the meaning of evaluation of this approach.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the Tokyo Fire Department from January 2016 to December 2017.

Determinants of Physical Activity at 90 Days After Acute Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Patients With Home Discharge: A Pilot Study.

The aim was to identify the barriers to achieving premorbid physical activity in patients with home discharge after acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack. Fifty-six patients (median age, 72 years) were analyzed. We assessed total physical activity in the premorbid condition and at 90 days after onset using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Revision of the Protocol of the Telephone Triage System in Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: The Emergency Telephone Consultation Center in Tokyo (#7119) was the first telephone triage system in Japan and has operated since 2007. This study examined the revision of the #7119 protocol by referring the linked data to each code of the triage protocol.

Methods: We selected candidates based on the medical codes targeted by the revision, linking data from the nurses' decisions in triage and the patients' condition severity when the ambulance arrived at the hospital, gathering data from June 1, 2016, to December 31, 2017.

Autologous Induced Stem-Cell-Derived Retinal Cells for Macular Degeneration.

We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from two patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration and were differentiated into RPE cells. The RPE cells and the iPSCs from which they were derived were subject to extensive testing.

The impact of an emergency telephone consultation service on the use of ambulances in Tokyo.

Introduction: The increasing demands made on emergency ambulance services contribute to inefficient, clinically inappropriate health care, and may delay the provision of emergency care to life-threatening cases. The hypothesis of this study was that the activity for the first year of operation of an emergency telephone consultation service contributed to a reduction in ambulance use in non-urgent cases and a decrease in the cost associated with despatching ambulances.

Methods: The numbers of ambulance use and the emergency hospitalisation of ambulance cases were compared before and after the introduction of the Tokyo Emergency Telephone Consultation Centre (the #7119 centre).

Impact of miscommunication in medical dispute cases in Japan.

Objective: Medical disputes between physicians and patients can occur in non-negligent circumstances and may even result in compensation. We reviewed medical dispute cases to investigate the impact of miscommunication, especially in non-negligent situations.

Design: Systematic review of medical dispute records was done to identify the presence of the adverse events, the type of medical error, preventability, the perception of miscommunication by patients and the amount of compensation.

An introduction to the theory of constraint and how it can be applied to medical management.

This overview of a new way of thinking about medical management problems could help physicians executives think about those problems differently.

Triangulation analysis of tele-palliative care implementation in a rural community area in Japan.

We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of tele-palliative care by triangulation method. This consisted of qualitative analyses of 2 patients and then performing quantitative analysis of a simulated model for tele-palliative care based on that experience. Semistructured interviews with 2 patients were conducted for qualitative analysis.

Edutainment tools for initial education of type-1 diabetes mellitus: initial diabetes education with fun.

Purpose: Appropriate initial education for type-1 diabetes mellitus patients is important to prevent late complications. However, type-1 diabetic children have not appreciated traditional learning methods since they rarely contain the elements of fun and interactivity. In this study, we developed, implemented and evaluated a preliminary version of edutainment tools for initial education for type-1 diabetic children.

Validity and reliability of a dietary assessment method: the application of a digital camera with a mobile phone card attachment.

This study was aimed at evaluation of the validity and reliability of an alternative dietary measurement method that assists epidemiologic studies. We validated a handheld personal digital assistant with camera and mobile phone card, called Wellnavi, in which a 1-d weighed diet record was employed as a reference method. Twenty college students majoring in food and nutrition participated in this study.