Publications by authors named "Sachi Singhal"
Article Synopsis
- Individuals with Lynch syndrome have a high risk of colorectal cancer, and a study showed that taking aspirin can reduce this risk by 60% if adhered to for 2 years or more.
- A survey conducted from 2020 to 2022 revealed that only 34.8% of participants were regularly taking aspirin or NSAIDs for cancer prevention, with an even lower percentage (25.7%) specifically using it for Lynch syndrome prevention.
- The study found that perceptions of the risks and benefits of taking aspirin were more influential on whether individuals chose to use it for prevention than demographic factors or knowledge about the disease.*
Article Synopsis
- Breast cancer is a major health issue, affecting 1 in 8 women in the U.S., yet little research has focused on the racial and regional differences in mortality rates.
- The study used data from the 2016-2018 Nationwide Inpatient Sample to analyze in-hospital mortality among 99,543 patients with breast cancer, revealing that African Americans have the highest death rates at 5.54%.
- Findings highlighted significant disparities, with African Americans facing higher mortality rates, particularly in the South, while other racial groups had worse outcomes in the West, underscoring the need for targeted outreach to address these differences.
Article Synopsis
- Plasma cell dyscrasias are serious conditions caused by abnormal plasma cells producing excessive monoclonal antibodies, leading to various health issues, including eye problems.
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted in March 2021 to investigate ocular complications related to these disorders, which include conditions like multiple myeloma and POEMS syndrome.
- Identifying eye symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the need for eye specialists and oncologists to be alert to these signs to prevent disease progression.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) are intensive and potentially curative modalities available for a variety of hematological diseases. Although alloHSCTs are typically performed in an inpatient setting, there has been increasing interest in moving them to the outpatient setting. AlloHSCTs are associated with a median length of hospital stay of 30 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacted those with chronic diseases worldwide, especially those with diabetes. Very few studies have explored the effect of COVID-19 on diabetic patients' health markers. The present retrospective study compared various health markers of diabetic patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We aimed to analyze the Health Care Utilization Project's (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) and compare mortality rates in hospitals by month to determine if there is seasonal variability in outcomes associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried from 1998 to 2011. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (ICD-9 {International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification} 453.
18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) PET/computed tomography (CT) allows detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of assessing global metastatic bone disease in patients with PCa by using a threshold-based PET segmentation technique. This retrospective analysis was performed in 32 patients with PCa with known bone metastases who underwent NaF-PET/CT imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWidening spectrum of neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Case series.
J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol
October 2021
Article Synopsis
- * This case series reviews five unique hospital cases of NMS, including the first reported instance triggered by levosulpiride and other atypical cases following DBS programming and hypothyroid disorders.
- * The study emphasizes the need for global clinician awareness regarding unusual risk factors for NMS, advocating for vigilant follow-ups and a high index of suspicion to improve patient outcomes.
Pyridoxine deficiency is a rare but identifiable cause of sideroblastic anemia, depression, and peripheral neuropathy. Platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs display structural similarity to pyridoxine, which interferes with the absorption and hence the efficacy of the drug. If left untreated, it can lead to irreversible axonal loss and permanent deficits, leading to falls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtezolizumab is a humanised monoclonal IgG1 antibody that is used in treating many solid malignancies. Endocrinopathies are known but a rare adverse event of these immunotherapeutic drugs. Autoimmune diabetes induced by atezolizumab has been rarely reported in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Obesity is a global pandemic that exerts a significant burden on healthcare worldwide. Multiple cancers, as well as deaths from the same, are more prevalent in obese patients. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be the most effective way of treating obesity once other measures have been exhausted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The article discusses how cerebral toxoplasmosis, typically recognized in advanced HIV cases, can actually occur as the initial symptom of HIV, especially in three patients from a community hospital in Pennsylvania.
- It highlights the significance of reporting such cases, as they are rare and often overlooked in existing literature.
- The study suggests a potential link between hyponatremia and cerebral toxoplasmosis in the context of HIV, while also noting the prevalence of co-infections with hepatitis viruses among these patients.
Vertebral hemangiomas (VHs) are benign vascular tumors that develop from the endoderm of blood vessels, although their exact pathogenesis is poorly understood. Most hemangiomas are small, about a third are multiple in number, and a very small number of these hemangiomas cause symptoms. Even more rare are aggressive VHs, which comprise a small number of all VHs, and are associated with expansion and extraosseous extension into the paraspinal and epidural spaces.
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- Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare cancers with limited epidemiological studies, and Grade 3 Neuroendocrine tumors (G3-NETs) represent a unique category with an intermediate prognosis.
- G3-NETs exist between high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, which have a worse prognosis, and well-differentiated NETs, which have a better prognosis.
- The case report discusses a G3-NET with a high Ki67 index discovered through biopsy of a metastatic site, and reviews relevant literature on characteristics, immunohistochemical markers, prognosis, and treatment options for G3-NETs.
Article Synopsis
- Advanced prostate cancer treatment is evolving, but more progress is needed for patients with limited options.
- Targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is crucial for both diagnosing and treating the disease, enabling a combined diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
- PSMA scans can identify metastatic lesions that traditional imaging might miss, while PSMA ligand therapy shows promising results with low toxicity for patients who have already undergone previous treatments.
Article Synopsis
- * NCLs are classified based on the specific enzymatic or protein deficiencies involved, using an axial classification system to better understand the different types.
- * The review summarizes current research on NCLs, covering incidence rates, causes, treatment options available now, and promising therapies in development that aim for more than just symptomatic relief.
Article Synopsis
- Anal cancer is a rare but increasingly common malignancy in the U.S., making up 0.5% of new cancer cases, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals like those with HIV or HPV.
- Treatment protocols are similar for both HIV-positive and negative patients, but guidelines for managing therapy-related side effects are lacking and require more research.
- The HPV vaccine, known to prevent cervical issues, may also help reduce anal cancer risk in high-risk groups, highlighting the need for further study on its efficacy in preventing anal cancer among HIV-positive individuals.
Article Synopsis
- Small-cell carcinoma of the colon is a very rare type of tumor, first recorded in 1919, with only around 100 cases reported to date, highlighting its unusual occurrence.
- The case presented involves sigmoid squamous cell carcinoma that resulted in bowel perforation, with diagnosis confirmed through histopathology after emergency surgery.
- The report also explores various aspects related to this condition, including its incidence, causes, immunohistological markers, neogenomics, and potential treatment approaches.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents is on the rise, and the increase in prevalence of this disorder parallels the modern epidemic of childhood obesity worldwide. T2DM affects primarily post-pubertal adolescents from ethnic/racial minorities and those from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. Youth with T2DM often have additional cardiovascular risk factors at diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To describe clinical characteristics of a community-based epilepsy cohort from resource-limited communities in Punjab, Northwest India.
Methods: The cohort was gathered following a two-stage screening survey. We cross-sectionally examined and followed up the cohort for one year.