Can we make out the coronal plane corrections of the knee region by studying the screw divergence in tension band plate induced growth modulations?

We studied the correlation between changes in the interscrew angle (screw divergence) and the correction achieved with tension band plates applied for valgus deformities of the knee region. Twenty-eight children with 68 operated physes were included in this retrospective review. The interscrew angle and screw trajectory angle were measured in the initial and follow-up radiographs.

TB-vaccines: Current status & challenges.

Tuberculosis continues to be among the leading causes of morbidity as well as mortality. It is appreciated that our aim of eliminating TB in the foreseeable future will not be realized until we have a new vaccine with significant efficacy among diverse populations and all age-groups. Although impressive strides have been made in more refined development of new TB vaccines based on learnings from past experiences, the substitute or a booster vaccine for the BCG vaccine is not available yet.

Image-guided Hypofractionated Radiotherapy as an Alternative to Radical Prostatectomy in Localized Prostate Cancer in Elderly Patients with Low Life Expectancy.

Introduction: Radical prostatectomy is appropriate for any patient whose cancer appears clinically localised to prostate. However because of potential perioperative morbidity, radical prostatectomy is generally reserved for patients whose life expectancy is more than ten years. Moderate hypofractionation for localized prostate cancer is safe and effective.

Visual and clinical outcomes after bilateral implantation of a novel extended depth of focus lens post cataract surgery.

Purpose: To assess the visual and clinical outcomes after bilateral implantation of the novel extended depth of focus (EDOF) (AcrySof IQ Vivity) intraocular lens (IOL) using a micromonovision strategy.

Methods: This was a prospective interventional study at a tertiary care center. Twenty patients (40 eyes) underwent bilateral implantation of AcrySof IQ Vivity IOL.

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 management on the workload of human resources working in India's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program.

Background: In 1993, WHO declared tuberculosis (TB) as a global health emergency considering 10 million people are battling TB, of which 30% are undiagnosed annually. In 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic took an unprecedented toll on health systems in every country. Public health staff already engaged in TB control and numerous other departments were additionally tasked with managing COVID-19, stretching human resource (HR) capacity beyond its limits.

End TB strategy: Role of tobacco control.

Tobacco use and Tuberculosis (TB) presents a huge public health challenge globally. Tobacco and TB have consistent and strong epidemiological evidence with smokers having higher odds of TB infection, disease, mortality, delayed diagnosis etc. Overall, limited evidence exists about the extent of TB-tobacco integration.

Immune-Mediated Liver Effects Associated With Administration of a Human Anti-IL-21 Receptor Antibody (ATR-107) in Rats.

The toxicity of ATR-107, a human anti-interleukin-21 receptor (IL-21R) monoclonal antibody (mAb), was evaluated in CD-1 mice and cynomolgus monkeys after single-dose intravenous (IV) administration, and in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and cynomolgus monkeys after weekly IV and subcutaneous (SC) administration in 13-week toxicity studies that included recovery. Adverse liver necrosis, diffuse bridging fibrosis, and higher liver enzymes occurred in rats in the low-dose IV group (10 mg/kg), but not at 50 or 250 mg/kg IV, and not following SC administration despite overlapping systemic ATR-107 exposures. Similar findings were not seen in mice or cynomolgus monkeys.

Choi IIIB sequelae of septic hip: Etiologically different entities clubbed together?

Background: Choi IIIB sequela (pseudarthrosis of femoral neck) is an uncommon complication of septic hip. Only few cases are reported in literature and experience with the entity is limited. Variable pseudarthrosis behaviour and treatment outcomes are reported questioning the mechanical etiology for Choi III sequela.

Facilitators and Barriers for Private Health Sector Engagement for TB Care in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research.

Introduction: Private sector engagement is recognized as one of the most critical interventions to achieve the End TB goals in India. We conducted a systematic review and a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies to identify the barriers and facilitators for private sector engagement in TB care in India.

Methods: A systematic search in electronic databases was done.

Parent reported outcomes for idiopathic clubfoot children treated with the Ponseti technique: An analysis of 140 feet followed minimum 5 years.

Objective: The treated clubfoot children are often evaluated clinically during follow-up. However, patient reported outcomes (PROM) are seldom analysed for these children. We investigated 87 idiopathic clubfoot children (140 feet) treated by the Ponseti method and followed minimum 5 years to study their clinical outcomes and PROM.

Atypical B Cells Promote Cancer Progression and Poor Response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Poor response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy remains a major barrier in the management of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Multiple factors are associated with poor outcomes, including biological aging and female sex. More recently, it has emerged that a B-cell-infiltrated pretreatment immune microenvironment of NMIBC tumors can influence the response to intravesically administered BCG.

Improving esophageal cancer screening across the globe: Translating knowledge into action.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a pressing global health concern, ranking as the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause for cancer-related deaths worldwide. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are the two major histological types of esophageal cancer associated with distinct risk factors and geographical distributions. Unfortunately, the outcomes for both types of EC remain discouraging, with a five-year survival rate of less than 20% when diagnosed at advanced stages.

Review on novel targeted enzyme drug delivery systems: enzymosomes.

The goal of this review is to present enzymosomes as an innovative means for site-specific drug delivery. Enzymosomes make use of an enzyme's special characteristics, such as its capacity to accelerate the reaction rate and bind to a particular substrate at a regulated rate. Enzymosomes are created when an enzyme forms a covalent linkage with a liposome or lipid vesicle surface.

Rates of Recurrent Intestinal Metaplasia and Dysplasia After Successful Endoscopic Therapy of Barrett's Neoplasia by Endoscopic Mucosal Resection vs Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Ablation: A Large North American Multicenter Cohort.

Introduction: Endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) combining endoscopic resection (ER) with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) followed by ablation is the standard of care for the treatment of dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE). We have previously shown comparable rates of complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CRIM) with both approaches. However, data comparing recurrence after CRIM are lacking.

Primary Mucinous Eccrine Carcinoma in Nasomaxillary Region: a Rare Case Report and Management Insights.

Primary Mucinous eccrine carcinoma (MEC) is a rare malignant neoplasm of skin believed to arise from eccrine sweat gland commonly with periocular involvement. Here we report a case of 60-year male with a recurrence of unilateral nasomaxillary mass and epiphora. Imaging suggested nasolacrimal duct as probable site of origin.

Effect of non-vascularized fibular harvest on the donor limb: radiological evaluation at a mean follow-up of twelve point eight years.

Purpose: The study is aimed at evaluating the long-term (at a minimum follow-up of 10 years) impact of non-vascularized fibular harvest on the donor limbs.

Methods: There were 27 donor limbs (n = 19 children) available for retrospective radiological review. The graft was obtained bilaterally in eight patients.

Test and Treat Model for Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among Household Contacts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Selected Districts of Maharashtra: A Mixed-Methods Study on Care Cascade, Timeliness, and Early Implementation Challenges.

Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) is an important intervention in preventing infection and reducing TB incidence among household contacts (HHCs). A mixed-methods study was conducted to assess the "Test and Treat" model of TPT care cascade among HHCs aged ≥5 years of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients (bacteriologically/clinically confirmed) being provided TPT care under Project Axshya Plus implemented in Maharashtra (India). A quantitative phase cohort study based on record review and qualitative interviews to understand the challenges and solutions in the TPT care cascade were used.

Hemiepiphysiodesis using tension band plates: does the insertion technique or screw length influence the rate of correction?

We retrospectively studied the effect of certain characteristics of the insertion technique and the construct of tension band plates on its angular correction rates. The study included 68 physes in 28 children. The following preoperative radiological parameters were measured: interscrew angle; the length of the epiphyseal screw, its distance and angle (screw trajectory angle) with respect to the physis.

Effect of decentration on the quality of vision in two aspheric posterior chamber intraocular lenses: A contralateral eye study.

Purpose: To perform an intraindividual comparison of the quality of vision and the effect of decentration between two aspheric intraocular lenses: aspheric balanced curve (ABC) design Vivinex iSert XY1 (Hoya Surgical Optics, Singapore) and anterior aspheric design Tecnis ZCB00 (Abbott Medical Optics, CA).

Setting: Tertiary Eye Care Centre.

Design: Prospective, randomized comparative study using a random number table.

Effect of delamanid on interim outcomes of bacteriological conversion amongst pediatric drug resistant tuberculosis cases in India.

Aim: To determine the bacteriological conversion rate after 6 months of Delamanid (DLM) based treatment in children with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and determine factors associated with bacteriological conversion.

Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study done in children between the age of 6-17 years with DR-TB who received DLM-based therapy from October 2018 to May 2021. The drug resistance pattern of TB was detected using Xpert RIF/MTB and phenotypic drug sensitivity testing (DST) on TB-MGIT culture reports.

B-Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Presenting as Intrahepatic Cholestasis.

Unlabelled: Acute cholangitis is a critical medical condition requiring prompt intervention. This case report explores the complexities and uncertainties encountered in clinical decision-making when faced with a patient presenting with symptoms suggestive of acute cholangitis. We emphasise the importance of considering individual circumstances and factors in the diagnostic process.

Osteolipoma of tubercinerium: An incidental finding in a patient with schizophrenia.

A 45-year-old male patient with clinically suspected schizophrenia was referred for an MRI brain to look for organicity. An incidental lesion was noted on the right side of the tubercinerium with suspicious findings of osteolipoma. T1 and T2 weighted sequences showed a hyper-intense lesion suggestive of fatty intensity or hemorrhage.

Comparative Study of Injection Triamcinolone and Hyaluronidase Combination with Injection Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) in Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF).

This study aimed to compare the results of injection triamcinolone and hyaluronidase combination with injection Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) in management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF). Present study was carried out in randomly divided two groups of 30 patients each of OSMF who all are presented with chief complain of reduced mouth opening. Group A patients were given 1 ml of injection triamcinolone and hyaluronidase combination.