Ensemble responses of auditory midbrain neurons in the cat to speech stimuli at different signal-to-noise ratios.

Originally reserved for those who are profoundly deaf, cochlear implantation is now common for people with partial hearing loss, particularly when combined with a hearing aid. This combined intervention enhances speech comprehension and sound quality when compared to electrical stimulation alone, particularly in noisy environments, but the physiological basis for the benefits is not well understood. Our long-term aim is to elucidate the underlying physiological mechanisms of this improvement, and as a first step in this process, we have investigated in normal hearing cats, the degree to which the patterns of neural activity evoked in the inferior colliculus (IC) by speech sounds in various levels of noise allows discrimination between those sounds.

Heterojunction semiconductor nanocatalysts as cancer theranostics.

Cancer nanotechnology is a promising area of cross-disciplinary research aiming to develop facile, effective, and noninvasive strategies to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment. Catalytic therapy based on exogenous stimulus-responsive semiconductor nanomaterials has shown its potential to address the challenges under the most global medical needs. Semiconductor nanocatalytic therapy is usually triggered by the catalytic action of hot electrons and holes during local redox reactions within the tumor, which represent the response of nontoxic semiconductor nanocatalysts to pertinent internal or external stimuli.

Neither seen nor heard: the evidence gap on the effect of covid-19 on mental health in children.

say better evidence on how children’s mental health is affected by health shocks is essential to inform policy responses

Magnetic stirring with iron oxide nanospinners accretes neurotoxic Aβ oligomers into phagocytic clearable plaques for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

An increasing number of medications have been explored to treat the progressive and irreversible Alzheimer's disease (AD) that stands as the predominant form of dementia among neurodegenerative ailments. However, assertions about toxic side effects of these drugs are a significant hurdle to overcome, calling for drug-free nanotherapeutics. Herein, a new therapeutic strategy devoid of conventional drugs or other cytotoxic species was developed.

Development of a Cissus quadrangularis-Doped Extracellular Matrix and a Hyaluronic Acid-Incorporated Scaffold for Periodontal Regeneration: An In Vitro Study.

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze whether adding (CQ) extract and the extracellular matrix of ovine tendon (TENDON) increases the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells produced in hyaluronic acid (HA) scaffolds for tenogenesis.

Materials And Methods: Fifty grams of powdered CQ was mixed with 250 mL of ethanol to prepare the extract. Two grams of hyaluronic acid powder was added to 100 mL of distilled water to make the HA solution.

Effect of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Structure Development, Electrical, Thermal, and Wetting Properties of Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Expanded Graphite Nanocomposites.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-expanded graphite (ExGr) nanocomposites have been prepared by solution blending and melt processing methods. In the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), enhanced dispersion of graphite nanosheets (GNSs) in the PVDF matrix, as suggested by field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis, results in very low electrical percolation threshold (0.3 wt % ExGr).

E3-ubiquitin ligase, FBXW7 regulates mitotic progression by targeting BubR1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation.

Faithful chromosome segregation requires correct attachment of kinetochores with the spindle microtubules. Erroneously-attached kinetochores recruit proteins to activate Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which senses the errors and signals cells to delay anaphase progression for error correction. Temporal control of the levels of SAC activating-proteins is critical for checkpoint activation and silencing, but its mechanism is not fully understood.

anticancer activity of extract on mcf-7 breast cancer cell lines.

The medicinal herb is utilized by South Indian tribes to treat various medical ailments, although its cytotoxicity action has not been studied. As a result, the emphasis of the current investigation is on the anticancer activity of extracts on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, as well as their effects on the levels of gene expression for BCl2 and TGF. The study found that the anticancer activity of extract demonstrated significant cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines.

Lipoxygenase inhibitory synthetic derivatives of methyl gallate regulate gene expressions of COX-2 and cytokines to reduce animal model arthritis.

Mammalian lipoxygenases (LOXs) are involved in the biosynthesis of mediators of anaphylactic reactions and have been implicated in cell maturation, the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis. Hence LOX inhibition in chronic conditions can lead to reducing the disease progression, which can be a good target for treating these diseases. The present study deals with designing methyl gallate derivatives and their anti-inflammatory effect by in silico, in vitro and in vivo methods.

Carbon black and chitin nanofibers for green tyres: Preparation and property evaluation.

This research highlights the synergistic use of carbon black (CB) and chitin nanofibers (CHNFs) for developing green tyres for the first time. The CHNFs (12-30 nm) were prepared from chitin powder with the help of steam explosion and mild oxalic acid hydrolysis. The CHNFs were uniformly dispersed in natural rubber (NR) latex, dried, and mixed with CB in a two-roll mill to form NR/CB/CHNF composites.

Nanomedicines Targeting Glioma Stem Cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM), classified as a grade IV glioma, is a rapidly growing, aggressive, and most commonly occurring tumor of the central nervous system. Despite the therapeutic advances, it carries an ominous prognosis, with a median survival of 14.6 months after diagnosis.

Photothermal/NO combination therapy from plasmonic hybrid nanotherapeutics against breast cancer.

In this study, a plasmon-semiconductor nanotheranostic system comprising Au nanostars/graphene quantum dots (AuS/QD) hybrid nanoparticles loaded with BNN6 and surface modified with PEG-pyrene was developed for the photo-triggered hyperthermia effect and NO production as the dual modality treatment against orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer. The structure and morphology of the hybrid nanodevice was characterized and the NIR-II induced thermal response and NO production was determined. The hybrid nanodevice has shown enhanced plasmonic energy transfer from localized surface plasmonic resonance of Au nanostars to QD semiconductor that activates the BNN6 species loaded on QD surfaces, leading to the effective NO production and the gas therapy in addition to the photothermal response.

A bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most cited articles published in the .

Background: Bibliometric analysis is the quantitative analysis of measurable citation information of a journal. It unveils research topics, publishing trends, assess research impact, and productivity.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis to identify and analyze the top 50 most cited articles published in the (JCD).

Influence of social media platforms in dental education and clinical practice: A cross-sectional survey among dental trainees and professionals.

Purpose/objectives: Social media platforms (SMPs) have become a popular portal for the acquisition and dissemination of dentistry-related information. The study aims to identify the pattern and influence SMPs for education and practice among dental trainees and professionals.

Method And Materials: A cross-sectional study involving dental trainees and clinical professionals was conducted based on a structured 20-item survey instrument among dental trainees and professionals.

Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder among adolescents following floods- a comparative study from private and public schools in Kerala, India.

Introduction: Disasters can have deep physical and psychological impact among survivors. An extraordinary southwest monsoon has unleashed floods and landslides in Kerala state in 2018. Adolescents are more vulnerable to psychological impairment after a disaster and trauma during initial stages of life can etch an indelible signature in the individual's development and may lead to future disorders.

Potent phytochemicals against COVID-19 infection from phyto-materials used as antivirals in complementary medicines: a review.

Background: Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a surge of research activity to find methods/drugs to treat it. There has been drug-repurposing research focusing on traditional medicines. Concomitantly, many researchers tried to find in silico evidence for traditional medicines.

A novel anti-infective molecule nesfactin identified from sponge associated bacteria Nesterenkonia sp. MSA31 against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Overuse of antibiotics coupled with biofilm-forming ability has led to the emergence of multi-drug P. aeruginosa strains worldwide. Quorum sensing is a bacterial cell-cell communication system that regulates the expression of genes, including virulence factors, through production of acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Compounds of and for COVID-19 inhibition: in silico evidence for cues from Ayurveda.

Background: The nasal carriage of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported as the key factor transmitting COVID-19. Interventions that can reduce viral shedding from the nasopharynx could potentially mitigate the severity of the disease and its contagiousness. Herbal formulation of and is recommended in an Ayurvedic text as a nasal rinse in the management of contagious fevers.

New combination treatment from ROS-Induced sensitized radiotherapy with nanophototherapeutics to fully eradicate orthotopic breast cancer and inhibit metastasis.

Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most commonly employed approaches in the treatment of malignant tumors and is often combined with radiosensitizers to enhance the therapeutic efficacy for clinical use. For developing a smart therapeutic strategy leveraging local tissue response to photo-mediated reactions and the combination of multiple treatment modalities involving ROS-induced sensitization of RT, a novel nanophototherapeutic system has been developed. The nanotherapeutics prepared from the assembly of poly (thiodiethylene malonate) (PSDEM) and PEG-PSDEM-PEG and loaded with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) employed as the RT sensitizer and indocyanine green (ICG) as the photothermal/photodynamic agent, demonstrated the capability of undergoing structural change and releasing therapeutic payloads in response to near-infrared irradiation and X-ray radiotherapy.