antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of L. extracts and their toxicity on PBMCs and zebrafish embryos.

This study evaluated the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory action of crude extracts from L. (cashew tree) leaves and bark, and to determine their toxicity to peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to zebrafish embryos and larvae. Chemical analysis of extracts was performed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR).

Systemic administration of curcumin or piperine enhances the periodontal repair: a preliminary study in rats.

Objectives: Studies have documented the anti-inflammatory effects of spices, which may be related to treatment of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of curcumin and piperine and their association on experimental periodontal repair in rats.

Materials And Methods: Periodontitis was induced via the installation of a ligature around the first molar.

Antifungal Activity, Mode of Action, Docking Prediction and Anti-biofilm Effects of (+)-β-pinene Enantiomers against Candida spp.

Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of (+)-β-pinene inhibition on Candida spp. growth, aiming at elucidation of the mechanism of action; to determine fungal cell enzyme binding activity (through molecular docking simulations) and its effects on biofilm reduction.

Methods: Candida strains (n=25) from referenced and clinical origins, either susceptible or resistant to standard clinical antifungals, were tested for determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC); Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC); and microbial death curves upon treatment with (+)-β-pinene; the effects of (+)-β-pinene on the cell wall (sorbitol assay), membrane ergosterol binding, and effects on biofilm were evaluated by microdilution techniques.

Effect of Blume Essential Oil on spp. Involved in Oral Infections.

The present study demonstrates the antifungal potential of chemically characterized essential oil (EO) of Blume on spp. biofilm and establishes its mode of action, effect on fungal growth kinetics, and cytotoxicity to human cells. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) values varied from 62.

Effect of Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables (ASU) on Osseointegration in Rats with Experimental Arthritis.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of the use of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on osseointegration of implants in animals with experimental arthritis.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty rats were randomly divided into four groups: CTR, healthy animals and saline solution administration; ASU, healthy animals and ASU administration; ART, arthritic animals and saline solution administration; and ART/ASU, arthritic animals and ASU administration. The solutions were administered daily by gavage, beginning 7 days before the surgical procedures until the completion of the experimental period (15, 30, and 60 days after the placement of the implants in the tibia).

Relevance of the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) on RANKL, OPG, and nod expressions induced by TLR and IL-1R signaling in bone marrow stromal cells.

The myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) plays a pivotal role in Toll-like receptor (TLR)- and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-induced osteoclastogenesis. We examined the role of MyD88 on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) activation and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (Nod) induction by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IL-1 beta, and their effect on receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) production in bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC). RANKL, Nod1, Nod2, NF-κB, and p38 protein levels were determined by Western blot.

HMGB1 localization during experimental periodontitis.

Aim: This study sought to investigate the in vitro expression profile of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in murine periodontal ligament fibroblasts (mPDL) stimulated with LPS or IL-1β and in vivo during ligature- or LPS-induced periodontitis in rats.

Material And Methods: For the in vivo study, 36 rats were divided into experimental and control groups, and biopsies were harvested at 7-30 d following disease induction. Bone loss and inflammation were evaluated.

Curcumin modulates the immune response associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in rats.

Curcumin is a plant-derived dietary spice ascribed various biological activities. Curcumin therapeutic applications have been studied in a variety of conditions, but not on periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition initiated by an immune response to micro-organisms of the dental biofilm.

Differential regulation of MMP-13 expression in two models of experimentally induced periodontal disease in rats.

Objective: Evaluate expression of MMP-13 during the course of two models experimentally induced periodontal disease in rats.

Design: Expression of MMP-13 at mRNA and protein levels was studied, respectively, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Two experimental models were used: LPS injections and ligature placement.

Cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of chlorhexidine.

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of Chlorhexidine (Chx) to the odontoblast cell line MDPC-23.

Methods: The odontoblast-like cells were seeded (30,000 cells/cm2) in 60 wells of 24-well dishes and then incubated in contact with the following experimental and control solutions: Group 1: 0.0024% Chx; Group 2: 0.