Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling DNA Methylation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Olanzapine in Healthy Volunteers.

Antipsychotics are associated with severe metabolic side effects including insulin resistance; however, the mechanisms underlying this side effect are not fully understood. The skeletal muscle plays a critical role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation by antipsychotics may play a role in the development of insulin resistance. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine was performed in healthy volunteers.

Comparison of SOX-10, HMB-45, and Melan-A in Benign Melanocytic Lesions.

Purpose: Different immunohistochemical stains are used in dermatopathology to stain melanocytes and diagnose benign and malignant melanocytic lesions.

Methods: SOX-10, HMB-45, and Melan-A immunohistochemical stains were used to assess 32 biopsy specimens with a histologic diagnosis of lentigo. The total number of melanocytes stained with each immunohistochemical stain was counted and an average count was obtained from two readings.

Surgical outcomes for esotropia in children with high accommodative convergence/accommodation ratio.

Purpose: To assess if high accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio impacts surgical outcomes in children with esotropia (ET), and evaluate the appropriate target angle in surgical dosing in the presence of high AC/A ratio.

Methods: A retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent primary bilateral medial rectus (BMR) recessions for ET. Patients were excluded if follow-up was ≤2 months.

Skeletal muscle DNA methylation modifications and psychopharmacologic treatment in bipolar disorder.

Both severe mental illness and atypical antipsychotics have been independently associated with insulin resistance and weight gain. Altered regulation of skeletal muscle DNA methylation may play a role. We aimed to evaluate DNA methylation modifications in human skeletal muscle samples to further understand its potential role in the metabolic burden observed in psychiatric patients and psychopharmacologic treatment.

Association of Protein Kinase B (AKT) DNA Hypermethylation with Maintenance Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.

Study Objective: Atypical antipsychotics cause insulin resistance that leads to an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Skeletal muscle is the primary tissue for uptake of glucose, and its dysfunction is considered one of the primary defects in the development of insulin resistance. Protein kinase B (AKT) plays an important role in overall skeletal muscle health and glucose uptake into the muscle.

Association between haptoglobin gene and insulin resistance in Arab-Americans.

Aim: To analyze associations between variation in the HP gene and lipid and glucose-related measures in Arab-Americans. Secondary analyses were performed based on sex.

Patients & Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from samples obtained from a previous epidemiological study of diabetes in Arab-Americans.