Learning with self-generated drawings and the impact of learners' emotional states.

Introduction: The present study examined the influence of emotional states when learning with self-generated drawings. It was assumed that learners in a positive emotional state would profit from learning with self-generated drawings, while learners in a negative emotional state would not profit from this strategy to the same extent but would rather benefit through reading.

Methods: University students (  =  123) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions resulting from a 2  ×  2 design with self-generated drawings (yes vs.

Why the Cells Look Like That - The Influence of Learning With Emotional Design and Elaborative Interrogations.

We investigated emotional design features that may influence multimedia learning with a self-generated learning (SGL) activity, namely answering elaborative interrogations. We assumed that a positive emotional design would be associated with a higher motivation to accomplish the additional SGL activity. Moreover, an interaction was expected: Learners learning with a positive emotional design should profit from learning with elaborative interrogations whereas learners learning with a negative emotional design would not profit from this strategy to the same extent but would rather benefit through reading.

Neurocognitive Deficits and Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background/aims: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a frequent syndrome in the older population, which involves an increased risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The latter can be modified by the cognitive reserve, which can be operationalized by the length of school education. MCI can be differentiated into four subtypes according to the cognitive domains involved: amnestic MCI, multiple-domain amnestic MCI, non-amnestic MCI and multiple-domain non-amnestic MCI.

Oral health and apraxia among institutionalized elderly people--a pilot study.

Objective: Poor oral hygiene and dental health are very common among the institutionalized elderly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of apraxia with oral hygiene and/or health.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-two residents of 13 long-term care homes in southwest Germany participated in the study.