The Biomodified Lignin Platform: A Review.

A reliance on fossil fuel has led to the increased emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The excessive consumption of raw materials today makes the search for sustainable resources more pressing than ever. Technical lignins are mainly used in low-value applications such as heat and electricity generation.

Enzymatic Conversion of Lignosulfonate into Wood Adhesives: A Next Step towards Fully Biobased Composite Materials.

This study investigates the effect of the enzymatic polymerization of lignosulfonate for the formulation of a lignosulfonate-based adhesive. For this, beech lamellas were glued together and tested according to the EN 302-1 standard. The results showed that the laccase-polymerized lignosulfonate-based wood adhesives (LS-p) had similar mechanical properties as a standard carpenter's glue (PVAc-based D3 class white glue), as no significant difference in tensile shear strength between these two adhesive types was found.

Impact of the "belly board" device on treatment reproducibility in preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer.

Background: The use of the belly board device (BBD) in the prone position has gained acceptance to spare small bowel in rectal cancer patients irradiated postoperatively, but there are few data in the preoperative setting, and the advantages of the BBD regarding normal tissue sparing may be counteracted by problems of patient positioning. This study was undertaken to investigate prospectively the influence of the BBD on treatment reproducibility in patients irradiated preoperatively in the prone position.

Patients And Methods: 23 patients with rectal carcinoma in clinical stages II/III were included in this study.