Matching the reaction-diffusion simulation to dynamic [F]FMISO PET measurements in tumors: extension to a flow-limited oxygen-dependent model.

Positron-emission tomography (PET) with hypoxia specific tracers provides a noninvasive method to assess the tumor oxygenation status. Reaction-diffusion models have advantages in revealing the quantitative relation between in vivo imaging and the tumor microenvironment. However, there is no quantitative comparison of the simulation results with the real PET measurements yet.

Quantitative Analysis of [F]FMISO PET for Tumor Hypoxia: Correlation of Modeling Results with Immunohistochemistry.

Purpose: Quantitative evaluation of tumor hypoxia based on H-1-(3-[F]fluoro-2-hydroxypropyl)-2-nitroimidazole ([F]FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET) can deliver important information for treatment planning in radiotherapy. However, the merits and limitations of different analysis methods in revealing the underlying physiological feature are not clear. This study aimed to assess these quantitative analysis methods with the support of immunohistological data.

Optic toxicity in radiation treatment of meningioma: a retrospective study in 213 patients.

In this retrospective evaluation, we correlated radiation dose parameters with occurrence of optical radiation-induced toxicities. 213 meningioma patients received radiation between 2000 and 2013. Radiation dose and clinical data were extracted from planning systems and patients' files.

Simultaneous integrated vs. sequential boost in VMAT radiotherapy of high-grade gliomas.

Background: In 20 patients with high-grade gliomas, we compared two methods of planning for volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT): simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) vs. sequential boost (SEB). The investigation focused on the analysis of dose distributions in the target volumes and the organs at risk (OARs).

Textural Parameters of Tumor Heterogeneity in ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for Therapy Response Assessment and Prognosis in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Unlabelled: (18)F-FDG PET/CT is effective in the assessment of therapy response. Changes in glucose uptake or tumor size are used as a measure. Tumor heterogeneity was found to be a promising predictive and prognostic factor.

Preclinical evaluation of parametric image reconstruction of [18F]FMISO PET: correlation with ex vivo immunohistochemistry.

Compared to indirect methods, direct parametric image reconstruction (PIR) has the advantage of high quality and low statistical errors. However, it is not yet clear if this improvement in quality is beneficial for physiological quantification. This study aimed to evaluate direct PIR for the quantification of tumor hypoxia using the hypoxic fraction (HF) assessed from immunohistological data as a physiological reference.

Glioblastoma research 2006-2010: pattern of citation and systematic review of highly cited articles.

High and continuously increasing research activity related to different aspects of pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma has been performed between 2006 and 2010. Different measures of impact, visibility and quality of published research are available, each with its own pros and cons. For this review, article citation rate was chosen.

Repeated localized treatment for extranodal marginal zone lymphoma--case report and review of literature.

Background: Marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) are indolent B-cell lymphomas with variable symptoms related to lymphoma location. Patients with such lymphoma often have an excellent prognosis. Concerning treatment, no large prospective trials have been published, making therapeutic decisions difficult.

Sparse dose painting based on a dual-pass kinetic-oxygen mapping of dynamic PET images.

Development of molecular imaging such as positron-emission tomography (PET) offers an opportunity to optimize radiotherapy treatment planning by conforming the dose distribution to physiological details within tumors, so called dose painting. Quantification of the acquired images and an efficient and practical dose prescription remain two key questions in this field. This paper proposes a novel framework to optimize the dose prescription based on dual-pass modeling of dynamic [18F]FMISO PET images.

Comparison of (immuno-)fluorescence data with serial [¹⁸F]Fmiso PET/CT imaging for assessment of chronic and acute hypoxia in head and neck cancers.

Purpose: Both, acute and chronic hypoxia can have unfavorable impacts on tumor progression and therapy response. The aim of this study was to optimize a macroscopic technique for the quantification of acute and chronic hypoxia (Wang model assessment of serial [(18)F]Fmiso PET/CT imaging) by comparing with a microscopic technique [(immuno-)fluorescence staining in tumor cryosections].

Materials And Methods: Tumor pieces from the human squamous cell carcinoma lines from the head and neck FaDu and CAL33 were xenografted into the hind leg of NMRI nu/nu mice.

Modern management of rare brain metastases in adults.

Brain metastases (BM) represent the main cause of intracranial neoplasms in adults, while being relatively less common in children. Today, better treatment options of the primary malignancy lead to higher remission rates as well as prolonged stable clinical conditions. This may in part explain the increased incidence of BM.

Changes in the fraction of total hypoxia and hypoxia subtypes in human squamous cell carcinomas upon fractionated irradiation: evaluation using pattern recognition in microcirculatory supply units.

Background And Purpose: Evaluate changes in total hypoxia and hypoxia subtypes in vital tumor tissue of human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (hHNSCC) upon fractionated irradiation.

Materials And Methods: Xenograft tumors were generated from 5 hHNSCC cell lines (UT-SCC-15, FaDu, SAS, UT-SCC-5 and UT-SCC-14). Hypoxia subtypes were quantified in cryosections based on (immuno-)fluorescent marker distribution patterns of Hoechst 33342 (perfusion), pimonidazole (hypoxia) and CD31 (endothelium) in microcirculatory supply units (MCSUs).

An interindividual comparison of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET)- and L-[methyl-11C]methionine (MET)-PET in patients with brain gliomas and metastases.

Purpose: L-[methyl-(11)C]methionine (MET)-positron emission tomography (PET) has a high sensitivity and specificity for imaging of gliomas and metastatic brain tumors. The short half-life of (11)C (20 minutes) limits the use of MET-PET to institutions with onsite cyclotron. O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) is labeled with (18)F (half-life, 120 minutes) and could be used much more broadly.

Tumor shrinkage assessed by volumetric MRI in long-term follow-up after fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma.

Purpose: To evaluate tumor control and side effects associated with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) in the management of residual or recurrent nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs).

Methods And Materials: We assessed exact tumor volume shrinkage in 16 patients with NFPA after FSRT. All patients had previously undergone surgery.

Outcome after conformal salvage radiotherapy in patients with rising prostate-specific antigen levels after radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: This study attempts to improve our understanding of the role of salvage radiotherapy (SRT) in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse after radical prostatectomy with regard to biochemical control, rate of distant metastasis, and survival.

Methods And Materials: We performed a retrospective analysis of 96 men treated with conformal prostate bed SRT (median, 64.8 Gy) at a single institution (median follow-up, 70 months).

Quantitative assessment of hypoxia subtypes in microcirculatory supply units of malignant tumors using (immuno-)fluorescence techniques.

Background And Purpose: Hypoxia is a characteristic of tumors, is known to increase aggressiveness, and causes treatment resistance. Traditional classification suggests two types of hypoxia: chronic and acute. Acute hypoxia is mostly caused by transient disruptions in perfusion, while chronic hypoxia is caused by diffusion limitations.

Evaluation of the SUV values calculation and 4D PET integration in the radiotherapy treatment planning system.

Background And Purpose: To evaluate the SUV calculation and integration of the gated (4D) PET in the iPlan 4.0 treatment planning software (BrainLAB).

Materials And Methods: Phantom and patient data for different tracers were used.

Longitudinal study of intestinal symptoms and fecal continence in patients with conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Purpose: To prospectively assess the intestinal symptoms and fecal continence in patients who had undergone conformal radiotherapy (CRT) for prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: A total of 78 men who had undergone definitive CRT for prostate cancer were evaluated. The patients were assessed before, during (treatment Weeks 4 and 6), and 2, 12, and 24 months after CRT completion.

Postoperative treatment and prognosis of patients with resected single brain metastasis: how useful are established prognostic scores?

Objective: To evaluate postoperative prognosis and the performance of known prognostic scores in patients treated with surgical resection for single brain metastasis.

Methods: We evaluated prognostic factors and five previously published prognostic scores in a group of 74 patients with single brain metastasis treated with surgery with or without immediate whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT).

Results: In multivariate analysis, good performance status, absence of extracranial metastases and primary tumor control were significantly associated with improved overall survival.

Tumor shrinkage assessed by volumetric MRI in the long-term follow-up after stereotactic radiotherapy of meningiomas.

Purpose: To evaluate tumor volume reduction in the follow-up of meningiomas after fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) or linac radiosurgery (RS) by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Patients And Methods: In 59 patients with skull base meningiomas, gross tumor volume (GTV) was outlined on contrast-enhanced MRI before and median 50 months (range 11-92 months) after stereotactic radiotherapy. MRI was performed as an axial three-dimensional gradient-echo T1-weighted sequence at 1.

A planning comparison of dynamic IMRT for different collimator leaf thicknesses with helical tomotherapy and RapidArc for prostate and head and neck tumors.

Purpose: A comparative analysis of the three most advanced intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques currently commercially available was performed. Treatment plans made in rotational techniques (helical tomotherapy [HT] and RapidArc) were compared with sliding-window IMRT (dIMRT) on a conventional linear accelerator using different leaf thicknesses (2.5 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm).

Quantitative assessment of hypoxia kinetic models by a cross-study of dynamic 18F-FAZA and 15O-H2O in patients with head and neck tumors.

Unlabelled: Several kinetic models have been proposed to assess the underlying oxygenation status behind hypoxia tracer uptake and have shown advantages, compared with static analysis, in discriminating hypoxic regions. However, the quantitative assessment of mathematic models that take into consideration clinical applications and their biologic nature is still challenging. We performed a feasibility study to assess hypoxia kinetic models using voxelwise cross-analysis between the uptake of the perfusion tracer (15)O-H(2)O and the hypoxia tracer (18)F-fluoroazomycin arabinoside ((18)F-FAZA).

Stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy and LINAC radiosurgery in the treatment of vestibular schwannoma-report about both stereotactic methods from a single institution.

Purpose: To evaluate tumor control and side effects associated with radiosurgery (RS) and stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy (SFR) for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) in a group of patients treated at the same institution.

Methods And Materials: Between May 1997 and June 2007, 115 consecutive cases of VS were treated in our department. The SFR group (47 patients), including larger tumors (maximum diameter >1.

Prognostic scores in brain metastases from breast cancer.

Background: Prognostic scores might be useful tools both in clinical practice and clinical trials, where they can be used as stratification parameter. The available scores for patients with brain metastases have never been tested specifically in patients with primary breast cancer. It is therefore unknown which score is most appropriate for these patients.