Accuracy of the minimal leak test for endotracheal cuff pressure monitoring.

Objectives: To determine the accuracy of the minimum leak test as a surrogate for target endotracheal cuff pressure of 20-30 cm H O in intubated patients.

Methods: Cuff pressures were measured at the University of Miami Hospital using the minimum leak test on every intubated patient once per shift, then cuff pressure was reevaluated using handheld numerical manometers and recorded pressures above or below the target range, readjusting the pressure as needed. This assessment was repeated throughout each patient's intubation for up to 6 days.

Malignant teratoma of the thyroid: A difficult diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration.

Primary thyroid teratomas are rare, usually benign, and typically occur in children. We report the unusual occurrence of a malignant thyroid teratoma in a young man. Initial ultrasound and CT studies revealed an 8.

Unilateral benign multinodular versus solitary goiter: Long-term contralateral reoperation rates after lobectomy.

Background: Few long-term studies define the appropriate extent of surgery and recurrence rates for unilateral multinodular goiter. We compared the rate and time to reoperation in patients with multinodular goiter who underwent lobectomy to that of patients with benign solitary nodule.

Methods: Retrospective study of a prospective database of all patients who underwent lobectomy for multinodular goiter or solitary nodule from 1991 to 2017.

Abnormal Microvasculature in Laryngectomy Mucosal Margins may be Associated with Increased Risk of Fistula.

Pharyngocutaneous fistula after laryngectomy is common and significantly increases the morbidity of the procedure. Intraoperative, objective variables that can reliably predict fistula formation would be useful to surgeons deciding how to reconstruct the laryngectomy defect. Retrospective chart review of 50 radiated patients and 10 non-radiated patients who underwent total laryngectomy at a single tertiary care institution.

A Knowledge-Based Assessment of Dermatological Care for Transgender Women.

Dermatologic care plays an important role in the transitioning process for transgender women, with changes occurring to the skin from hormone therapy (HT) and gender affirming procedures. We sought to identify knowledge gaps in a group of transgender women pertaining to both skin and hair changes during the transitioning process. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey.

Elite Motorcycle Racing: Crash Types and Injury Patterns in the MotoGP Class.

Background: Crashes are a small but regular feature of elite motorcycle racing. These crashes provide a novel opportunity to benchmark and analyze motorcycle crash mechanics, crash types, and associated injuries at high speeds in a cohort of riders who are well protected and in a controlled environment.

Purpose: The purpose was to benchmark the prevalence of injuries, categorize crash subtypes, and determine associated injury patterns.

Developmental Alcohol Exposure Impairs Activity-Dependent S-Nitrosylation of NDEL1 for Neuronal Maturation.

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is involved in diverse signaling cascades that regulate neuronal development and functions via S-Nitrosylation-mediated mechanism or the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway activated by nitric oxide. Although it has been studied extensively in vitro and in invertebrate animals, effects on mammalian brain development and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we report that genetic deletion of "Nos1" disrupts dendritic development, whereas pharmacological inhibition of the sGC/cGMP pathway does not alter dendritic growth during cerebral cortex development.

Medical support at a large-scale motorsports mass-gathering event: the inaugural Formula One United States Grand Prix in Austin, Texas.

Introduction: Formula One returned to the United States on November 16-18, 2012, with the inaugural United States Grand Prix in Austin, Texas. Medical preparedness for motorsports events represents a unique challenge due to the potential for a high number of spectators seeking medical attention, and the possibility for a mass-casualty situation. Adequate preparation requires close collaboration across public safety agencies and hospital networks to minimize impact on Emergency Medical Services (EMS) resources.

Multi-institutional study of self-reported attitudes and behaviors of general surgery residents about ethical academic practices in test taking.

Purpose: Correlation exists between people who engage in academic dishonesty as students and unethical behavior once in practice. Previously, we assessed the attitudes of general surgery residents and ethical practices in test taking at a single institution. Most residents had not participated in activities they felt were unethical, yet what constituted unethical behavior was unclear.

Intraoperative assessment of breast cancer specimens decreases cost and number of reoperations.

It is the aim of our study to determine if the assessment of intraoperative breast cancer margins leads to decreased incidence of repeat operations and decreased cost. We collected data prospectively from two hospitals in Austin, TX, University Medical Center at Brackenridge (UMCB) and Seton Northwest Hospital (SNW), over a 2-year period. Comparison was made to see if intraoperative margin assessment affected total surgical costs and need for reoperation.

Terrorism and blast phenomena: lessons learned from the attack on the USS Cole (DDG67).

Blast phenomena and injuries to the musculoskeletal system have been well documented for the past 50 years. The USS Cole was attacked in Aden Harbor in Yemen on October 12, 2000. Seventeen sailors were killed and 39 were wounded.

Battlefield casualties treated at Camp Rhino, Afghanistan: lessons learned.

Background: Operation Enduring Freedom is an effort to combat terrorism after an attack on the United States. The first large-scale troop movement (> 1,300) was made by the U.S.

Use of sonography in diagnosing acute appendicitis: comparison of a teaching hospital and a community hospital.

Rationale And Objectives: We examined patterns of use of sonography in the workup of appendicitis at two hospitals: a 715-bed university-affiliated teaching hospital and a 240-bed nonteaching hospital. In light of increasing concern over the use of health care dollars, we wanted to determine whether the use of sonography in the workup of appendicitis would be more frequent at a teaching than at a nonteaching hospital.

Methods: We examined all cases of appendicitis seen in the emergency room of the teaching hospital in 1993 and all cases of appendicitis seen in the emergency room of the nonteaching hospital in 1992-1993.