Cholecystectomy clip-induced biliary stone: Case report and literature review.

Migration of cholecystectomy surgical clip into the common bile duct with subsequent stone formation is a rare phenomenon, one which may lead to complications including obstruction, pain, nausea, vomiting and fever. The mechanism of migration is largely unknown but may result from a combination of factors including necrosis, intra-abdominal pressure or poor surgical technique with migrated clip serving as a nidus for stone formation. We present a 55-year-old woman with clip-induced stone impacted at the distal common bile duct 12 years post-cholecystectomy and a review of the literature related to cholecystectomy clip stone formation.

Association of Programmed Cell Death 1 Inhibitor with Circumorificial Plasmacytosis.

Introduction: The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors is considered one of the most important advances in cancer treatment. Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor against programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptors that has demonstrated antineoplastic activity against various malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and triple-negative breast cancer. Pembrolizumab is associated with numerous adverse reactions including mucosal and cutaneous reactions referred to as immune-related adverse events.

Modified Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil (mDCF) as a Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Non-metastatic Esophageal Cancer (nMEC).

Perioperative chemotherapy can potentially downstage esophageal cancer, reducing the risk of early systemic dissemination. One recommended neoadjuvant regimen for managing gastroesophageal junction and esophageal cancer is docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF). To address the high toxicity profile of DCF, modifications in dosages and treatment intervals have been studied.

Cinacalcet for the Treatment of Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy: An Introductory Case Report with a Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Review.

Hypercalcemia is an ominous development in the course of malignancy associated with a mean survival of only several months. A majority of cases of hypercalcemia are related to humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM), where hypercalcemia is caused by increased levels of circulating parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). Mainstay treatments in the management of HHM are intravenous fluids, intravenous bisphosphonates, and subcutaneous denosumab, although hypercalcemia oftentimes recurs despite these efforts.

Gangliocytic paraganglioma, a rare ampullary tumour treated with open transduodenal resection and sphincteroplasty.

Gangliocytic paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumours residing in the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the periampullary region. Most are benign tumours with a low malignancy rate. We report a 50-year-old man who presented with acute onset of left-upper quadrant abdominal pain with radiation to the back.

Oesophageal papillomatosis, not amenable to endoscopic therapies, treated with oesophagectomy.

Oesophageal papillomatosis is a very rare entity, with only 10 cases (including ours) reported in the literature. We report a 51-year-old man with a 25-year history of dysphagia with solids and liquids who failed a trial of proton pump inhibitors and fluticasone. His initial endoscopy revealed a viliform mass with dense eosinophilic infiltrate without neoplasia.

Adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the ampulla of Vater presenting as acute pancreatitis.

We report an interesting and rare case of a man with adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the ampulla of Vater presenting as acute pancreatitis, which to our knowledge, is only the second reported case in the English literature. The patient presented with an acute onset of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, without fever, chills or rigours. CT of the abdomen revealed changes of acute pancreatitis with a peripancreatic adenopathy, and abdominal ultrasound revealed a slightly hyperechoic and oedematous head of the pancreas, consistent with acute pancreatitis.

Peripancreatic cystic lymphangioma diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound/fine-needle aspiration: a rare mesenchymal tumour.

A 73-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of intermittent nausea, vomiting, central abdominal discomfort and a 17-pound weight loss over the past year. Laboratory testing, including a complete blood count with differential, liver function testing, amylase and lipase studies were normal. A CT scan showed a bilobed cystic lesion inferior to the body of the pancreas.

Anthracosis and large mediastinal mass in a patient with healed pulmonary tuberculosis.

A Mexican woman, aged 71 years, with life-long exposure to soot from a wood cook stove in a closed environment, who was treated for tuberculosis 4-years prior, presented with prominent mediastinal lymphadenopathy with anthracosis. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy is a common presentation of diverse granulomatous, malignant and infectious conditions like tuberculosis. Anthracotic pigment is found in different conditions such as tuberculosis or domestically acquired particulate lung disease.