Telepsychology revolution in the mental health care delivery: a global overview of emerging clinical and legal issues.

Unlabelled: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote healthcare delivery by technological devices has become a growing practice. It represented an unprecedented change in personal and professional activities, allowing health specialists to continue working online by assisting their patients from home. Psychological practice greatly benefited from this innovation, guaranteeing diagnostic and therapeutic effectiveness through cyber counseling.

Artificial intelligence in healthcare: an Italian perspective on ethical and medico-legal implications.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a multidisciplinary field intersecting computer science, cognitive science, and other disciplines, able to address the creation of systems that perform tasks generally requiring human intelligence. It consists of algorithms and computational methods that allow machines to learn from data, make decisions, and perform complex tasks, aiming to develop an intelligent system that can work independently or collaboratively with humans. Since AI technologies may help physicians in life-threatening disease prevention and diagnosis and make treatment smart and more targeted, they are spreading in health services.

Validation and application of a method for the quantification of 137 drugs of abuse and new psychoactive substances in hair.

Introduction: In the dynamic universe of new psychoactive substances (NPS), the identification of multiple and chemically diverse compounds remains a challenge for forensic laboratories. Since hair analysis represents a gold-standard to assess the prevalence of NPS, which are commonly detected together with classical drugs of abuse (DoA), our study aimed at developing a wide-screen method to detect and quantify 127 NPS and 15 DoA on hair.

Materials And Methods: A multi-analyte ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the identification and quantification of 127 NPS (phenethylamines, arylcyclohexylamines, synthetic opioids, tryptamines, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, designer benzodiazepines) and 15 DoA in hair samples was developed.

Organ procurement in forensic deaths: A retrospective analysis of the Italian context with a focus on the Puglia Region virtuous experience.

Organ transplantation is one the most important contributions of modern medicine to society since it provides a unique therapy for terminal organ failure. However, the development of this therapeutic approach is hindered by the limited organ supply. In Italy, organ procurement requires a multidisciplinary medical-surgical approach in which legal medical doctors (LMDs) are generally tasked with ascertaining the reality of death.

Work-related stress amongst legal medical doctors: the need for systematic psychological support. An Italian perspective.

Unlabelled: Legal medical doctors (LMDs) expertise encompasses a wide range of responsibilities. Work-related stress amongst LMDs is an extremely relevant factor, which affects the quality of LMDs life and work. Whilst it is a better-known problem abroad, this issue is poorly debated in Italy, as demonstrated by this literature analysis.

Immune disturbance leads to pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 more than classical risk factors: a clinical and histological study.

COVID-19 induces endotheliitis and one of the main complications is enhanced coagulation. The incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in COVID-19 (CPE) has increased and clinical features for a rigorous analysis still need to be determined. Thus, we evaluated the clinical characteristics in CPE and the immune infiltration that occurred.

Denial of pregnancy and neonaticide: A historical overview and case report.

While denial of pregnancy and neonaticide are rare, they are potentially associated and share some risk factors. Neonaticide has been proposed as the extreme outcome of a denial of pregnancy. However, the process leading to such a possible outcome is not yet fully understood.

Heme Oxygenase-1/High Mobility Group Box 1 Pathway May Have a Possible Role in COVID-19 ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome): A Pilot Histological Study.

COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The persistent and excessive inflammatory response can build up a clinical picture that is difficult to manage and potentially fatal. Potent activators of inflammatory phenomena are damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and, in particular, the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1).

A fatal case of heart and pericardium rupture after non-penetrating chest trauma by road accident.

Heart lacerations following a non-penetrating chest trauma are rare events, few described in the literature. We report the case of a young woman who died just after a road accident, which determined a blunt thoracic trauma, with perforation of the right ventricle and the contiguous pericardium portion, and compound fractures of the sternum and the left ribs. The case presented is a rare evidence of indirect heart trauma, meaning that there was no correspondence between the chest impact/fracture site and the heart/pericardial lacerations.

Loa loa in the Vitreous Cavity of the Eye: A Case Report and State of Art.

Loa loa is a filarial nematode responsible for loiasis, endemic to West-Central Africa south of the Sahara and transmitted by flies. This study reports a case of L. loa in the vitreous cavity of the eye of a young patient, along with an in-depth literature review.

SARS-CoV-2, Placental Histopathology, Gravity of Infection and Immunopathology: Is There an Association?

(1) Background: As the pandemic months progress, more and more evidence shows that the placenta acts as a “barrier” to SARS-CoV-2, although rare cases of vertical transmission have been described. (2) Methods: In an attempt to investigate whether the symptoms’ severity was related to different placental histological characteristics and the immune microenvironment, we subdivided 29 placentas from 29 mothers positive for SARS-CoV-2 into two groups, depending on the symptomatology (moderate/severe vs. asymptomatic/mild), performing immunohistochemical investigations for CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, as well as for CD68 + macrophage.

An Unusual Case of Fatal Thoracoabdominal Gunshot Wound without Diaphragm Injury.

In case of thoracoabdominal gunshot wounds (GSW), diaphragmatic lesions are common autopsy findings. In these cases, the bullet's path involves both the thorax and the abdomen, so the diaphragm (the muscle that separates the two cavities) is frequently damaged. In the present report we illustrate a very unusual autopsy finding, came up after a man was shot twice and affected by a lethal thoracoabdominal gunshot wound.

A Patient With Stage III Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Treated With Intra-Arterial Infusion FOLFIRINOX: Impressive Tumoral Response and Death due to Infection: A Unique Case Report.

Patients affected by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have very poor prognosis, whereby at a follow-up of 5 years, the mortality rate is very similar to the incidence rate. Globally, around 10% of patients are amenable to radical surgery at the time of diagnosis, which represents the only chance of cure or long-term survival for these patients. Almost 40% of patients with PDAC show locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC).

Dental evidence of human remains of a Slavic soldier population deported in concentration camps during World War II.

The aim of this paper was to analyse post-mortem dental records of a collection of 93 skeletal remains exhumed from the ossuary of Bari Municipal Cemetery, Apulia, Italy. These skeletal remains belonged to Slavic soldiers deported in 1941 during World War II in two Italian concentration camps and who died in 1946-1947. A total number of 1949 teeth were analysed according to the American Board of Forensic Odontology and the WHO methods.

Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Thigh as Unusual Colonoscopic Polypectomy Complication: Review of the Literature with Case Presentation.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is an infection characterized by necrosis of the superficial muscle fascia and surrounding soft tissues. It usually occurs following skin breaches from penetrating traumas or high-degree burns. Less frequently, it could be related to major abdominal surgery.

Age estimation from dry bone measurements: evidence from a sample of soldiers exiled in two concentration camps in Bari.

The mandible undergoes remodelling and morphological alterations throughout the life of an individual, and it is subjected to sex- and age-related structural changes. Personal identification from skeletal remains represents one of the most difficult challenges for a forensic anthropologist. The study of mandibular morphology is an important aid in determining the sex and age of skeletal remains.

Torkildsen's Ventriculocisternostomy First Applications: The Anthropological Evidence of a Young Slavic Soldier Who Died in the Torre Tresca Concentration Camp (Bari, Italy) in 1946.

Human skeletal remains are considered as real biological archives of each subject's life. Generally, traumas, wounds, surgical interventions, and many human pathologies suffered in life leave identifiable marks on the skeleton, and their correct interpretation is possible only through a meticulous anthropological investigation of skeletal remains. The study here presented concerns the analysis of a young Slavic soldier's skeleton who died, after his imprisonment, in the concentration camp of Torre Tresca (Bari, Italy), during the Second World War (1946).

GLUT1, GLUT3 Expression and 18FDG-PET/CT in Human Malignant Melanoma: What Relationship Exists? New Insights and Perspectives.

Background: Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive of skin cancers and the 19th most common cancer worldwide, with an estimated age-standardized incidence rate of 2.8-3.1 per 100,000; although there have been clear advances in therapeutic treatment, the prognosis of MM patients with Breslow thickness greater than 1 mm is still quite poor today.

Dedifferentiated Melanoma: A Diagnostic Histological Pitfall-Review of the Literature with Case Presentation.

Dedifferentiated melanoma is a particular form of malignant melanoma with a progressive worsening of the patient's clinical outcome. It is well known that melanoma can assume different histo-morphological patterns, to which specific genetic signatures correspond, sometimes but not always. In this review we address the diagnostic difficulties in correctly recognizing this entity, discuss the major differential diagnoses of interest to the dermatopathologist, and conduct a review of the literature with particular attention and emphasis on the latest molecular discoveries regarding the dedifferentiation/undifferentiation mechanism and more advanced therapeutic approaches.

HMGB1-TIM3-HO1: A New Pathway of Inflammation in Skin of SARS-CoV-2 Patients? A Retrospective Pilot Study.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has completely disrupted the health systems of the entire planet. From the earliest months, it became increasingly clear that in addition to affecting the upper airways and lungs, there were other organs that could be affected. Among these, the skin became a real "sentinel signal" to be able to even suspect COVID-19.

Purpuric Skin Rash in a Patient Undergoing Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination: Histological Evaluation and Perspectives.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire planet, and within about a year and a half, has led to 174,502,686 confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, with 3,770,361 deaths. Although it is now clear that SARS-CoV-2 can affect various different organs, including the lungs, brain, skin, vessels, placenta and others, less is yet known about adverse reactions from vaccines, although more and more reports are starting to emerge. Among the adverse events, we focused particularly on skin rashes.

The Multiple Faces of Nodular Trichoblastoma: Review of the Literature with Case Presentation.

Trichoblastoma (TB) is a rare biphasic benign adnexal neoplasm originating from follicular germ cells but clinically, it can simulate basal cell carcinoma (BCC), making the diagnosis more difficult. There are several variants of Trichoblastoma and a good knowledge of these is essential for correct diagnosis and management. We report two new cases observed in the last year at our Pathological Anatomy Operative Unit, and conduct a careful review of the literature, from the first description of this lesion by Headington in 1970 to the most recent classifications.