Standardizing the assessment of emotional development in adults with intellectual and developmental disability.

Objective: The Scale of Emotional Development-Short (SED-S) is an instrument to assess the level of emotional development (ED) in people with intellectual and developmental disability. Index cases are developed as a didactic tool to standardize the application of the scale.

Method: In a stepwise process, a European working group from six countries developed five index cases, one for each level of ED.

[Emotional developmental disorders in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID): a case-control-study].

Objective: To specify frequently observed challenging behavior in adults with ID.

Methods: In a sample of individuals with ID and severe behavioral problems (n = 9), we assessed their emotional developmental level using Dosen's scheme for appraisal of emotional development. The clinical characteristics following the arrest of emotional development at various levels were evaluated by standardized behavioral assessments.