The determination of suitable testing and qualification procedures for fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite structures is an active area of research due to the increased demand, especially in the field of aerospace. This research illustrates the development of a generic qualification framework for a composite-based main landing gear strut of a lightweight aircraft. For this purpose, a landing gear strut composed of T700 carbon fiber/epoxy material was designed and analyzed for a given lightweight aircraft having mass of 1600 kg.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCholangiocarcinoma (CCA), commonly referred to as Klatskin tumor (KT), is a rare cancer that develops from the epithelium of the intra- or extrahepatic bile duct. This case outlines the impact of physiotherapy rehabilitation in a post-operative case of a KT in a 58-year-old male who presented with complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, constipation, and difficulty in urinating and reportedly exhibited generalized weakness, weight loss, and dyspnea. Following investigations such as computed tomography (CT) scan, the patient was diagnosed with a KT for which he underwent hepaticojejunostomy and was kept under observation, following which supervised physiotherapy intervention (PI) commenced from post-operative day (POD) 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) is an abnormal curvature of the spine that appears in late childhood or adolescence. The aim of this systematic review was to present and synthesize the most relevant therapeutic advice and evidence on the efficacy of physiotherapy exercises for preventing the growth of spinal curvature caused by adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. "Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis," "exercise," "Cobb angle," and "physiotherapy" were the sole keywords used for the published research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a usual disorder depicted as discomfort and loss of functional performance, including decreased proprioceptive acuity. Symptoms of this condition include stiffness, pain, swelling, joint disproportion, functional incompetency, and muscle atrophy, which may reduce the well-being of the patient. This report highlights the case of a 41-year-old female patient who complained of right knee pain, which was persisting for a month, and was treated with the McKenzie Technique (MT) along with electrotherapy modalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysmenorrhea is often referred to as painful menstruation with cramping sensations in the lower abdomen, resulting in discomfort. This pain commonly radiates to both the thighs and lumbosacral regions. A 23-year-old female presented with a complaint of severe abdominal pain during menses, accompanied by low back pain (LBP) that typically started at the onset of menstrual flow and lasted for the first 24-48 hours for which no analgesics were taken by the patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Stress is an episodic process in an individual's life that depends upon the circumstances that elicit this process, later jeopardizing an individual's mental balance and leading to depression and anxiety. Yoga is a traditional component of physical activity that contains three main domains, namely, maintaining the correct posture (asanas), control over one's breath (pranayama) and meditation with complete concentration (dhyana), which are proven to be effective in enhancing the psychological, physical, and spiritual wellbeing of an individual along with mindfulness. The purpose of the present study was to compare aerobic exercise (AE) and Suryanamaskar (SN) in terms of the best intervention in lowering the level of stress in medical professionals (MPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA prolapsed intervertebral disc (PIVD) refers to herniation of the nucleus pulposus out of the intervertebral space. Mechanical nerve compression brought on by a protruding nucleus pulposus and an increase in chemokines in the affected area causes the underlying pain, which is typically treated conventionally with surgery or medication. Nonetheless, these management strategies may not always be effective and may impact a person's quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding published unstructured textual data using traditional text mining approaches and tools is becoming a challenging issue due to the rapid increase in electronic open-source publications. The application of data mining techniques in the medical sciences is an emerging trend; however, traditional text-mining approaches are insufficient to cope with the current upsurge in the volume of published data. Therefore, artificial intelligence-based text mining tools are being developed and used to process large volumes of data and to explore the hidden features and correlations in the data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA common cervical spine condition that frequently interferes with a patient's daily activities is chronic neck pain. The axioscapular muscle imbalance that results from increased middle trapezius activity in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain affects cervical spine stability and contributes to pain. A 67-year-old male, who was a retired office secretary, experienced neck pain for two years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study presents a novel research approach to predict user interaction for social media post using machine learning algorithms. The posts are converted to vector form using word2vec and doc2vec model. These two methods are used to analyse the best approach for generating word embeddings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers are among the most commonly used materials in our everyday life. They are generally transparent to terahertz (THz) radiation, but are quite difficult to differentiate using optical techniques as few or no characteristic features exist in the spectral range of <2.0 THz for small and portable radiation systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHelium atoms in the presence of extreme ultraviolet light pulses can lose electrons through direct photoionization or through two-electron excitation followed by autoionization. Here we demonstrate that, by combining attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses with near infrared femtosecond lasers, electron dynamics in helium autoionization can be not only monitored but also controlled. Furthermore, the interference between the two ionization channels was modified by the intense near infrared laser pulse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle isolated attosecond pulses can be extracted from a pulse train with an ultrafast gate in the generation target. By setting the gate width sufficiently narrow with the generalized double optical gating, we demonstrate that single isolated attosecond pulses can be generated with any arbitrary carrier-envelope phase value of the driving laser. The carrier-envelope phase only affects the photon flux, not the pulse duration or contrast.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent progress in sub-laser-cycle gating of high-order harmonic generation promises to push the limits on optical pulse durations below the atomic unit of time, 24 as, which corresponds to a bandwidth broader than 75 eV. However, the available techniques for attosecond pulse measurement are valid only for narrow-bandwidth spectra, due to one of the key approximations made in the phase retrieval. Here we report a new technique for characterizing attosecond pulses, whereby the spectral phase of the attosecond pulse is extracted from the oscillation component with the dressing laser frequency in the photoelectron spectrogram.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a new method for determining the energy resolution of time-of-flight spectrometers for detecting photoelectrons produced with attosecond XUV pulses. By measuring the width of the 2s2p autoionization line of helium, we found the resolution of our spectrometer to be approximately 0.6 eV for electrons at 35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolated attosecond pulses are powerful tools for exploring electron dynamics in matter. So far, such extreme ultraviolet pulses have only been generated using high power, few-cycle lasers, which are very difficult to construct and operate. We propose and demonstrate a technique called generalized double optical gating for generating isolated attosecond pulses with 20 fs lasers from a hollow-core fiber and 28 fs lasers directly from an amplifier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDouble optical gating of high-harmonic generation was used to obtain supercontinuous spectra in the extreme UV (XUV) region including the water window. The spectra supported a 16 as pulse duration that is below one atomic unit of time (24 as). The dependence of the gated spectra on the carrier-envelope phase of the laser provided evidence that isolated attosecond pulses were generated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe demonstrated the mapping of the spatial oscillation of electric fields in the transverse plane of a femtosecond Bessel-Gaussian laser beam from the first principle of classical electrodynamics. An attosecond burst of electrons for probing the electric force was placed in the Bessel beam through photoemission with single isolated 276 as extreme ultraviolet pulses. The direction reversal of the electric field in adjacent Bessel rings was directly confirmed by observing the momentum shift of the probe electrons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe demonstrated a novel optical switch to control the high-order harmonic generation process so that single attosecond pulses can be generated with multiple-cycle pulses. The technique combines two powerful optical gating methods: polarization gating and two-color gating. An extreme ultraviolet supercontinuum supporting 130 as was generated with neon gas using 9 fs laser pulses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo understand the phenomenon of fullerene growth during its synthesis, an attempt is made to model a minimum energy growth route using a semi-empirical quantum mechanics code. C(2) addition leading to C(60) was modelled and three main routes, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe departure from perfect spherical symmetry in the case of fullerenes (C60 being the sole exception) induces instabilities due to the stresses generated by the pentagonal protrusions in the σ-bonded surfaces. By assuming σ-π separability and treating π electrons as a degenerate Fermi gas in the two shells around the central σ structure, the resulting degeneracy pressures can further enhance the σ-surface initiated instabilities for non-icosahedral structures (especially for those