Regulatory T cells in bovine fertility: Current understanding and future prospects.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have emerged as crucial players in maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance and promoting successful pregnancy outcomes. This review examines the importance of these cells in pregnancy, drawing on human and animal-based studies, with a focus on their role in bovine fertility. Tregs employ various mechanisms to mediate maternal-fetal tolerance, including regulation of effector T-cell responses, interactions with innate immune cells in the uterine microenvironment, and modulation of trophoblast function.

Short Variable Regions flaA Gene (SVR-flaA) Diversity and Virulence Profile of Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter from Poultry and Poultry Meat in India.

Human gastrointestinal infections caused by Campylobacter species is the second most important foodborne illness after salmonellosis worldwide. Poultry represent one of the main sources of Campylobacter organisms. In the present study, the short variable region of flagellin gene (SVR-flaA) typing was carried out to determine the variation among the circulating strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli.

Clostridium perfringens from fresh water fish of Kashmir Himalaya and their aquatic environment: Toxinotyping and phylogenetic analysis.

Clostridium perfringens is a common anaerobic foodborne pathogen known to produce >20 toxins. In nature, this bacterium has 7 different toxinotypes (A-G) based on the presence of its 6 main toxins. The present study examined the occurrence of different toxinotypes of this bacterium in the ichthyofauna and aquatic environments of Kashmir Himalayan lakes, India.

Genome sequence of JKS-07B isolate from J&K, India associated with virulent footrot of sheep.

Introduction: Virulent footrot of sheep caused by is associated with tremendous economic losses due to recurrent treatment costs and increased culling rates. This organism being a fastidious anaerobe is difficult to isolate on ordinary media that does not support its growth. The serogroup B isolate described in the present study has been used in the preparation of the whole-cell killed vaccine against footrot in India.

Methicillin resistance genes and in vitro biofilm formation among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis in India.

Introduction: Biofilms, an assemblage of microbial cells irreversibly associated with a surface and enclosed in a matrix of polysaccharide material pose serious health challenges, resulting in high economic losses. The emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections and ability to form biofilms in dairy animals is of emerging concern for livestock and public health owing to their association with serious infections.

Comparative evaluation of different therapeutic protocols for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Himalayan Pashmina goats.

Therapeutic management of contagious caprine pleuroneumonia (CCPP) involves mostly the use of oxytetracycline followed by enrofloxacin and rarely tylosin. In many parts of the world including India, the former antibiotics are commonly available than the latter. Therefore, prolonged use of the same leads to the development of antibiotic resistance and decreased efficacy of drug.

Draft genome sequence of Dichelobacter nodosus JKS-07 serogroup E from India.

Objectives: Dichelobacter nodosus is an anaerobic bacterium with fastidious growth requirements that is the principal cause of footrot associated with lameness in sheep and goats. In India, D. nodosus serogroups B and E have been recorded as major causes of footrot.

Efficacy of bacteriophage Lysed marker vaccine in laboratory animal models with a novel DIVA for haemorrhagic septicaemia.

Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of an improved phage lysate marker vaccine for haemorrhagic septicaemia in mice and rabbit model and development of a DIVA ELISA based on iron restricted outer membrane protein (IROMP).

Method: The experimental vaccine was prepared by lysing B:2 grown under iron restricted conditions with a acteriophage and addition of an alum adjuvant to enhance the immunogenicity. The vaccine was administered in mice and rabbits divided into two group each.