Population attributable fractions for risk factors for spontaneous preterm births in 81 low- and middle-income countries: A systematic analysis.

Background: Complications associated with preterm birth (PTB) are the largest contributor to under-five mortality globally. Success in reaching the Sustainable Development Goal target requires identifying potentially modifiable risk factors for PTB, estimating the relative importance of these risk factors, and identifying/implementing effective prevention strategies to address them.

Methods: We conducted a literature review to define risk relationships and estimate prevalence for established risk factors for spontaneous PTB (sPTB).

A systematic review on estimating population attributable fraction for risk factors for small-for-gestational-age births in 81 low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Small for gestational age (SGA) is a public health concern since it is associated with mortality in neonatal and post-neonatal period. Despite the large magnitude of the problem, little is known about the population-attributable risk (PAR) of various risk factors for SGA. This study estimated the relative contribution of risk factors for SGA, as a basis for identifying priority areas for developing and/or implementing interventions to reduce the incidence of SGA births and related mortality and morbidity.

Consumption of animal source foods, especially fish, is associated with better nutritional status among women of reproductive age in rural Bangladesh.

In rural Bangladesh, intake of nutrient-rich foods, such as animal source foods (ASFs), is generally suboptimal. Diets low in nutrients and lacking in diversity put women of reproductive age (WRA) at risk of malnutrition as well as adverse birth outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between maternal dietary diversity, consumption of specific food groups and markers of nutritional status, including underweight [body mass index (BMI) < 18.

Sustained intake of animal-sourced foods is associated with less stunting in young children.

The value of animal-sourced foods (ASFs) in providing key nutrients, particularly for child growth and where diets are of low quality, is understood mainly from cross-sectional assessment of current consumption. Longitudinal panel data from Nepal, Bangladesh and Uganda were used here to assess associations among previous (lagged) and contemporaneous ASF intake with linear growth of children aged 6-24 months. Lagged ASF consumption was significantly correlated with a 10% decline in stunting in Nepali children who consumed any ASF in the previous year, while current intake was associated with a 9% decline in stunting in Uganda.

Household Engagement in Both Aquaculture and Horticulture Is Associated with Higher Diet Quality than Either Alone.

Unlabelled: The consumption of high-quality diverse diets is crucial for optimal growth, health, and wellbeing.

Objective: This study assessed the diet quality of households by their type of engagement in homestead aquaculture and/or horticulture. Socio-demographic determinants of diet quality were also studied.

Measuring Nutrition Governance: An Analysis of Commitment, Capability, and Collaboration in Nepal.

Background: Global commitments to nutrition have supported calls for better evidence to support effective investments at national level. However, too little attention has so far been paid to the role of governance in achieving impacts.

Objective: This article explores the ways by which the commitment and capabilities of policy implementers affect collaborative efforts for achieving nutrition goals.