Iodine/iodide-doped polymeric nanospheres for simultaneous voltammetric detection of p-aminophenol, phenol, and p-nitrophenol.

A sensor was developed for the first time based on polydopamine nanospheres doped with I, I, and IO species (PDA-Iodine), to determine the concentration of p-aminophenol (p-AP), phenol (Ph), and p-nitrophenol (p-NP) simultaneously. These polymeric nanospheres were successfully characterized using a variety of techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. A carbon paste electrode was modified with the PDA-Iodine (CPE/PDA-Iodine).