Tracking the correlation of mineral intakes among family pairs over nine years: a longitudinal study.

Background: This study aimed to assess possible changes in mineral intake correlation between family pairs over time. Mineral intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire.

Methods: FCOR command of the Statistical Analysis for Genetic Epidemiology software was used to determine the correlation coefficients of minerals in relative pairs.

The relationship between dietary branched-chain and aromatic amino acids with the regulation of leptin and FTO genes in adipose tissue of patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Recent studies have suggested that the interaction between diet and an individual's genetic predisposition can determine the likelihood of obesity and various metabolic disorders. The current study aimed to examine the association of dietary branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids(AAAs) with the expression of the leptin and FTO genes in the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of individuals undergoing surgery. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 136 Iranian adults, both men and women, aged ≥18 years.

Genome assembly of a diversity panel of Chenopodium quinoa.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is an important crop for the future challenges of food and nutrient security. Deep characterization of quinoa diversity is needed to support the agronomic improvement and adaptation of quinoa as its worldwide cultivation expands. In this study, we report the construction of chromosome-scale genome assemblies of eight quinoa accessions covering the range of phenotypic and genetic diversity of both lowland and highland quinoas.

Familial resemblance in dietary intake among singletons, twins, and spouses: a meta-analysis of family-based observations.

Background: Familial dietary intake can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors; the current study aimed to examine the role of these two factors on dietary intake by investigating the resemblance in energy, nutrient, and food group intake among spouses and siblings in twin and family-based studies.

Methods: The online literature databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to September 2024. The pooled correlation coefficient (r) of studies was calculated using Fisher's z and standard error (SE) of z's of all studies and our final results were reported in six groups including non-twin siblings, monozygotic (MZ) twins, dizygotic (DZ) twins, all-twins, all siblings, and spouse.

The trend of correlation changes of macronutrient intakes among different familial pairs: a prospective study among participants of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Background/aim: Familial resemblance in dietary patterns has been a subject of interest, with both genetic and environmental factors playing crucial roles. This study aims to investigate trends in macronutrient intake correlations over a 9-year period among different familial pairs, including parent-offspring, siblings, and spouses, using data from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).

Methods: This longitudinal study, conducted within the framework of the TLGS, analyzed data from 1,814 families over a 9-year period.

Carbohydrate quality index and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian adults.

Background/aim: In the current study, we aimed to assess the association of carbohydrate quality index (CQI) with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Iranian adults.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 225 newly diagnosed NAFLD patients and 450 controls, aged 20-60 years. A food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the CQI and its components, including fiber intake, glycemic index, whole grains: total grains ratio, and solid carbohydrates: total carbohydrates ratio.

Lipid Nanoparticles for Nucleic Acid Delivery Beyond the Liver.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most clinically advanced drug delivery system for nucleic acid therapeutics, exemplified by the success of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. However, their clinical use is currently limited to hepatic diseases and vaccines due to their tendency to accumulate in the liver upon intravenous administration. To fully leverage their potential, it is essential to understand and address their liver tropism, while also developing strategies to enhance delivery to tissues beyond the liver.

Association of dietary and lifestyle inflammatory indices with type 2 diabetes risk in Iranian adults.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often linked to chronic inflammation, which can be influenced by both lifestyle and dietary choices. However, the relationship between the inflammatory potential of diet and lifestyle factors and the risk of developing T2DM remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the associations of the empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII), dietary inflammatory score (DIS), and lifestyle inflammatory score (LIS) with the risk of T2DM among Iranian adults.

Deciphering salt stress responses in Solanum pimpinellifolium through high-throughput phenotyping.

Soil salinity is a major environmental stressor affecting agricultural productivity worldwide. Understanding plant responses to salt stress is crucial for developing resilient crop varieties. Wild relatives of cultivated crops, such as wild tomato, Solanum pimpinellifolium, can serve as a useful resource to further expand the resilience potential of the cultivated germplasm, S.

Parental beliefs, attitudes, and practices on nutrition and children feeding: implications to preventive measures on children's obesity in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: Parents have a profound influence on their children's dietary habits. Parents' perspectives, attitudes, and behaviors regarding feeding their children a nutritious diet can have a significant impact on their children's health. The objective of this study was to examine the attitudes, beliefs, and feeding practices of parents in relation to nutrition for their children and to determine how these factors influence strategies for preventing obesity.

Parent-child correlation in energy and macronutrient intakes: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

In the current study, we aimed to review the evidence from twin and family-based studies that have assessed the familial similarity in intakes of energy and macronutrients among various parent-child pairs. The online literature databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, were searched up to December 2022 to find potentially eligible studies. We converted Pearson's, Spearman's, or intra-class correlation coefficients to z's using Fisher's z transformation to obtain approximate normality and then calculated a mean and standard error (SE) of transformed correlation weighted by the sample sizes in the studies.

Macronutrients quality indices and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in Iranian adults.

Background/aim: Evidence from recent studies suggested that the quality of dietary macronutrients can play a possible role in predicting the risk of metabolic disorders. In the current study, we aimed to assess the association of carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and protein score with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Iranian adults.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study on 1738 individuals aged between 40 and 70 years old, who were followed up for a mean of 6.

High-protein diet scores, macronutrient substitution, and breast cancer risk: insights from substitution analysis.

Background: Evidence from recent studies suggested that variation in the quantity and quality of macronutrients in the diet may potentially play a role in predicting the risk of breast cancer (BC). In the current study, we aimed to assess the association of different high-protein diet scores and replacing fats and carbohydrate (CHO) with protein in the diet with the BC risk among Iranian women.

Methods: The current hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 401 participants, aged ≥ 30 years old, including 134 women in the case group who had been diagnosed with histologically confirmed BC and 267 women in the control group.

From adolescence to adulthood: Mediterranean diet adherence and cardiometabolic health in a prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Recent investigations suggest that specific dietary patterns during adolescence may predict cardiometabolic complications later in life. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between Mediterranean diet score (MDS) during adolescence and cardiometabolic outcomes when participants reached adulthood.

Methods And Results: This cohort study was conducted on 668 subjects, aged 10-19 years, in framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Empirical dietary inflammatory index and lifestyle inflammation score relationship with obesity: A population-based cross-sectional study.

The present study aimed to investigate the association between the empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII) and lifestyle inflammatory score (LIS) with general and abdominal obesity in Iranian adults using data from the Yazd Health study (YaHS). This cross-sectional study was conducted using the information of participants of the YaHS study. The dietary assessment was conducted using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and anthropometric measurements assessed by standard protocols.

Dietary advanced glycation end products are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Iranian adults.

Background: Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can play an important role in increasing inflammatory factors and oxidative stress as risk factors for cancers. In the present study, we aimed to assess the relationship between dietary AGEs and the risk of breast cancer (BC) in Iranian adult women.

Methods: This hospital-based case-control study includes 401 participants aged ≥ 30 years old.

Thyroid Hormone Levels Correlate With the Maturation of Implanted Pancreatic Endoderm Cells in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Macroencapsulated pancreatic endoderm cells (PECs) can reverse diabetes in rodents and preclinical studies revealed that thyroid hormones in vitro and in vivo bias PECs to differentiate into insulin-producing cells. In an ongoing clinical trial, PECs implanted in macroencapsulation devices into patients with type 1 diabetes were safe but yielded heterogeneous outcomes. Though most patients developed meal responsive C-peptide, levels were heterogeneous and explanted grafts had variable numbers of surviving cells with variable distribution of endocrine cells.

Human A2-CAR T Cells Reject HLA-A2 + Human Islets Transplanted Into Mice Without Inducing Graft-versus-host Disease.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by T-cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Islet transplantation is an effective therapy, but its success is limited by islet quality and availability along with the need for immunosuppression. New approaches include the use of stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells and immunomodulatory therapies, but a limitation is the paucity of reproducible animal models in which interactions between human immune cells and insulin-producing cells can be studied without the complication of xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease (xGVHD).

Dietary advanced glycation end products are associated with an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian adults.

Background: Dietary advanced glycation end products(AGEs) may contribute to increased inflammation and oxidative stress as risk factors for chronic diseases such as liver disease. In the current study, we aimed to examine the possible association of dietary AGEs with the odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Iranian adults.

Methods: A total of 675 participants (225 newly diagnosed NAFLD cases and 450 controls), aged  20-60 years, were recruited for this case-control study.

Human A2-CAR T cells reject HLA-A2+ human islets transplanted into mice without inducing graft versus host disease.

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterised by T cell mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Islet transplantation is an effective therapy, but its success is limited by islet quality and availability along with the need for immunosuppression. New approaches include use of stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells and immunomodulatory therapies, but a limitation is the paucity of reproducible animal models in which interactions between human immune cells and insulin-producing cells can be studied without the complication of xenogeneic graft- -host disease (xGVHD).

The Impact of Different Implantation Sites and Sex on the Differentiation of Human Pancreatic Endoderm Cells Into Insulin-Secreting Cells In Vivo.

Unlabelled: Few studies have examined the differentiation of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived pancreatic endoderm cells (PECs) in different implantation sites. Here, we investigate the influence of implantation site and recipient sex on the differentiation of hESC-derived PECs in vivo. Male and female mice were implanted with 5 × 106 hESC-derived PECs under the kidney capsule, in the gonadal fat pad, or subcutaneously within macroencapsulation (TheraCyte) devices.

Screening and molecular characterization of Trichomonas vaginalis genotypes isolated from married women in northern Iran.

Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic protozoan parasite that causes trichomonosis in human. It is one of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infections. It has been found to be most prevalent in patients referred to sexually transmitted disease clinics.