Advancing Diversity in Microbiology: A 55-Year Retrospective Analysis.

Background For over 50 years, affirmative action helped advance equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in educational institutions in the United States (U.S.).

End of Affirmative Action-Who Is Impacted Most? Analysis of Race and Sex Among US Internal Medicine Faculty.

Background: For over 50 years, the United States (US) used affirmative action as one strategy to increase diversity in higher education including medical programs, citing benefits including training future public and private sector leaders. However, the recent US Supreme Court ending affirmative action in college admissions threatens advancements in the diversity of medical college faculty.

Objective: Our study evaluated the demographic trends in Internal Medicine (IM) faculty in the US by assessing sex and race/ethnicity diversity to investigate who is likely to be impacted most with the end of affirmative action.

Equity, diversity, and inclusion in academic American otolaryngology faculty: an elusive dream.

We analyze gender and racial disparities in academic otolaryngology from 2007 to 2018 in the United States (US). A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was done using data from the American Association of Medical Colleges. The distribution of gender and race, academic ranks, tenure tracks, and degrees was reported.

Sticky Floor and Glass Ceilings in Academic Medicine: Analysis of Race and Gender.

Purpose This paper examines the changes in the representation of women and racial minorities in academic medicine, compares the proportion of minorities in medicine and the general United States (US) population, and discusses potential explanations for observed trends. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) database was done and used to collect data on the gender and race of physicians in academic medicine. Data was collected for instructors, assistant professors, associate professors, full professors, and chairpersons from 2007 to 2018, and trends were presented.

Gender Differences in Faculty Rank and Leadership Positions Among Physician Biochemistry Faculty in North America: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose This study sought to assess gender differences among physician faculty in medical biochemistry and genetics programs in North America. It compared the distribution of academic and leadership ranks, years of active research, number of citations and publications, and Hirsch-index (index) by gender. Variable associations with the -index were assessed.

Gender of Department Chair and Paid Parental Leave Benefits in Academic Radiology Residency Programs.

Rationale And Objectives: Residency training often overlaps with prime childbearing years, yet variability in availability and duration of parental leave in residency can complicate the decision to become parents. Gender disparities in attitudes towards parenthood in residency is well recognized, with females generally reporting more concerns surrounding prolonged training, hindrance of future career plans, and negative perception from peers. However, gender of the department chair has not yet been examined as a factor influencing parental leave policies for residents in Radiology.

Race, ethnicity, and gender in academic obstetrics and gynecology: 12-year trends.

Background: Diversity among healthcare teams enhances team function and improves the quality of patient care and outcomes. Women and racial minorities are historically underrepresented in medicine. However, the representation of gender and racial or ethnic groups in academic obstetrics and gynecology in the United States has not been described in recent years.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Faculty Diversity Trends by Sex, Race, and Ethnicity, 2007 to 2018 in the United States.

Introduction: Sex and race/ethnicity disparities persist in academic Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R). This study contributes to the current body of knowledge by demonstrating changes in academic PM&R by sex and race/ethnicity in multiple categories over a 12-year period.

Objective: To evaluate workforce disparities in academic PM&R by measuring sex and race/ethnicity diversity in academic degree, rank, and tenure status.

Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Academic American Surgery Faculty: An Elusive Dream.

Background: In the context of shifting population demographics in the United States, a diverse workforce in health care can lead to improved patient outcomes and enhance access to culturally competent care for minorities. The objective of this study was to analyze and quantify the relationship of gender, race, and academic rank, tenure status, and degree in American academic surgical faculty.

Materials And Methods: A 12-y retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the data from the Association of American Medical Colleges was performed.

Hallmark of success: top 50 classics in oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the top 50 cited articles on the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for oral and maxillofacial applications and to summarise the characteristics of the most impactful research articles in this domain.

Material And Methods: A database was generated by combining the search results from Thomson Reuters Web of Science and Elsevier's Scopus to ensure that all top-cited publications were captured. We used three search fields to generate the database: 1) CBCT, 2) oral and maxillofacial pathologies, and 3) oral and maxillofacial anatomical structures.

The Use of Facial CT for the Evaluation of a Suspected Simple Dentoalveolar Abscess in the Emergency Department.

Introduction: Facial computed tomography (CT) is often performed in the emergency department as a part of the diagnostic workup for patients presenting with the signs and symptoms of dentoalveolar abscess (DA). This investigation evaluated the diagnostic yield of the facial CT and its effects on management change in patients suspected of DA. Furthermore, we assessed secondary consequences of routine facial CT use in this population by using turn-around time (TAT), cost, and radiation exposure as the key parameters.