The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Hypothyroidism in the Randomized Controlled D-Health Trial.

Hypothyroidism is common, and in iodine-sufficient areas, it is primarily caused by autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland. Observational studies have consistently shown an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and autoimmune diseases; however, there is a lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials to support a benefit of vitamin D supplementation, particularly for autoimmune thyroid diseases. We, therefore, aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of hypothyroidism.

Vitamin D supplementation and major cardiovascular events: D-Health randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether supplementing older adults with monthly doses of vitamin D alters the incidence of major cardiovascular events.

Design: Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of monthly vitamin D (the D-Health Trial). Computer generated permuted block randomisation was used to allocate treatments.

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the gut microbiome in older Australians - Results from analyses of the D-Health Trial.

Observational studies suggest a link between vitamin D and the composition of the gut microbiome, but there is little evidence from randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation. We analyzed data from the D-Health Trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. We recruited 21,315 Australians aged 60-84 y and randomized them to 60,000 IU of vitamin D or placebo monthly for 5 y.

Vitamin D supplementation and cognition-Results from analyses of the D-Health trial.

Background: Observational studies have consistently found a link between low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and higher risk of cognitive impairment. Results from randomized controlled trials have been mixed, and few have been conducted in the general population.

Methods: We recruited 21,315 community-dwelling Australians aged between 60 and 84 years to participate in the D-Health Trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

How COVID-19 pandemic has shaped buyer-supplier relationships in engineering companies with ethical perception considerations: A multi-methodological study.

In business-to-business (B2B) operations, prior studies have mainly explored transaction-based relationships with both buyers and suppliers opportunistic behaviors, driven largely by their intent to maximize their own benefits. These studies have also found that dependency on partners increases when supply materials are scarce. However, research is scant on how this relationship changes in the face of exogenous forces such as the COVID-19 pandemic, keeping in mind the ethical perception considerations.

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression in older Australian adults.

Objectives: To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation reduces depressive symptoms and incidence of antidepressant use.

Methods: We used data from the D-Health Trial (N = 21,315), a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of monthly vitamin D for the prevention of all-cause mortality. Participants were Australians aged 60-84 years.

Vitamin D Supplementation and the Incidence of Cataract Surgery in Older Australian Adults.

Purpose: Observational studies suggest that higher serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration may be associated with lower risk of cataract. However, no randomized controlled trials have assessed the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of cataract. We aimed to assess whether vitamin D supplementation reduces the incidence of cataract surgery.

Exploring Two Pandemics in Academic Arena: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Profile of University Students in Bangladesh.

The overlay of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pandemic of physical inactivity has become a great concern. Both types of pandemics can decrease the health protection capacity and consequently increase complexity in human lives. This cross-sectional study intended to examine changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic among university students in a second-tier city of Bangladesh.

Tobacco smoking and risk of thyroid cancer according to BRAF mutational subtypes.

Objective: Smoking has been associated with a reduced risk of thyroid cancer, but whether the association varies between higher- and lower-risk cancers remains unclear. We aimed to assess the association between smoking and risk of thyroid cancer overall as well as by tumour BRAF mutational status as a marker of potentially higher-risk cancer.

Design And Patients: We recruited 1013 people diagnosed with thyroid cancer and 1057 population controls frequency-matched on age and sex.

Risk of thyroid cancer following hysterectomy.

Background: Hysterectomy has been associated with increased thyroid cancer risk but whether this reflects a biological link or increased diagnosis of indolent cancers due to greater medical contact remains unclear.

Methods: We recruited 730 women diagnosed with thyroid cancer and 785 age-matched population controls. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association overall, and by tumour BRAF mutational status as a marker of potentially higher-risk cancers.

Obesity Is Associated with -Mutated Thyroid Cancer.

Thyroid cancer incidence has increased in many parts of the world since the 1980s, as has the prevalence of obesity. Evidence suggests that people with greater body size have higher thyroid cancer risk. However, it is unclear whether this association is causal or is driven by over-diagnosis of indolent cancers, because overweight/obese people use health services more frequently than those of normal weight, thus conferring greater opportunity for incidental diagnosis.

Understanding Pathways to the Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer: Are There Ways We Can Reduce Over-Diagnosis?

Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer has rapidly increased, and ecological evidence suggests this is due in some part to over-diagnosis. Understanding pathways to diagnosis could help determine whether unnecessary diagnosis can be avoided.

Methods: A population-based sample (n = 1007) of thyroid cancer patients diagnosed between July 2013 and August 2016 was recruited from Queensland, Australia (response rate 67%).