Microgravity as a Tool to Investigate Cancer Induction in Pleura Mesothelial Cells.

The present work shows that the exposure of mesothelial cells to simulated microgravity changes their cytoskeleton and adhesion proteins, leading to a cell switch from normal towards tumoral cells. Immunohistochemical and molecular data were obtained from both MeT-5A exposed to simulated microgravity and BR95 mesothelioma cell lines. Simulated microgravity was found to affect the expression of actin, vinculin, and connexin-43, altering their quantitative and spatial distribution pattern inside the cell.

T and Treg Regulatory T Cell Subsets as Potential Indicators of Graft Tolerance Control in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Identification of early signatures of immune rejection represents a key challenge in the clinical management of kidney transplant. To address such an issue, we enrolled 53 kidney transplant recipients without signs of graft rejection, no infectious episodes and no change in the immunosuppressive regimen in the last 6 months. An extensive immune profile revealed increased activation of the T cells, a decreased amount and growth ability of the Treg and a higher level of the T regulatory T cell subset, described by us as involved in the preferential control of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Correction: Piola et al. 3D Bioprinting of Gelatin-Xanthan Gum Composite Hydrogels for Growth of Human Skin Cells. 2022, , 539.

In the original publication [...

The Role of Twist1 in Chronic Pancreatitis-Associated Pancreatic Stellate Cells.

In healthy pancreas, pancreatic stellate cells (PaSCs) synthesize the basement membrane, which is mainly composed of type IV collagen and laminin. In chronic pancreatitis (CP), PaSCs are responsible for the production of a rigid extracellular matrix (ECM) that is mainly composed of fibronectin and type I/III collagen. Reactive oxygen species evoke the formation of the rigid ECM by PaSCs.

Polydopamine Blending Increases Human Cell Proliferation in Gelatin-Xanthan Gum 3D-Printed Hydrogel.

Background: Gelatin-xanthan gum (Gel-Xnt) hydrogel has been previously modified to improve its printability; now, to increase its ability for use as cell-laden 3D scaffolds (bioink), polydopamine (PDA), a biocompatible, antibacterial, adhesive, and antioxidant mussel-inspired biopolymer, has been added (1-3% /) to hydrogel.

Methods: Control (CT) and PDA-blended hydrogels were used to print 1 cm grids. The hydrogels' printability, moisture, swelling, hydrolysis, and porosity were tested after glutaraldehyde (GTA) crosslinking, while biocompatibility was tested using primary human-derived skin fibroblasts and spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT).

The importance of gravity vector on adult mammalian organisms: Effects of hypergravity on mouse testis.

In the age of space exploration, the effect of hypergravity on human physiology is a relatively neglected topic. However, astronauts have several experiences of hypergravity during their missions. The main disturbance of altered gravity can be imputed to cell cytoskeleton alteration and physiologic homeostasis of the body.

Laser Biostimulation Induces Wound Healing-Promoter β2-Defensin Expression in Human Keratinocytes via Oxidative Stress.

The innate immune system is the first line of defense of the body composed of anatomical barriers, such as skin and mucosa, as well as effector cells, antimicrobial peptides, soluble mediators, and cell receptors able to detect and destroy viruses and bacteria and to sense trauma and wounds to initiate repair. The human β-defensins belong to a family of antimicrobial small cationic peptides produced by epithelial cells, and show immunomodulatory and pro-healing activities. Laser biostimulation is a therapy widely used to contrast microbial infection and to accelerate wound healing through biological mechanisms that include the creation of oxidative stress.

: Intrinsic innervation and dopaminergic markers after experimental denervation in rat thymus.

On behalf of the coauthors and with much regret, I must retract our publication entitled "Intrinsic innervation and dopaminergic markers after experimental denervation in rat thymus" published in European Journal of Histochemistry 2010;54(2):e17 for the following reason: Unfortunately, now, after thirteen years, we have realized that some microphotographs published in the paper have been processed to improve the presentation of the images. The three surviving authors of the paper agree that the processing of the presentation images is against the COPE Ethical Editorial Standard, although the presentation images do not alter the integrity of methodological procedures and the results of the research work, obtained from the direct analysis of slides under microscope and rigorous statistical analysis of data; therefore, we, the authors of the above indicated paper, request the retraction of the publication. We apologize for what happened.

Breaking a Vicious Circle: Lymphangiogenesis as a New Therapeutic Target in Wound Healing.

The lymphatic system is of fundamental importance in maintaining a fluid balance in the body and tissue homeostasis; it drains protein-rich lymph from the interstitial space and facilitates the release of cells that mediate the immune response. When one tissue is damaged, more cells and tissues work to repair the damaged site. Blood and lymph vessels are particularly important for tissue regeneration and healing.

NADPH oxidase 1 in chronic pancreatitis-activated pancreatic stellate cells facilitates the progression of pancreatic cancer.

Patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis (CP) have a higher risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) compared to the general population. For instance, the presence of an activated pancreatic stellate cell (PaSC)-rich stroma in CP has facilitated the progression of non-invasive pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions to invasive PDAC. We have previously found that in a mouse model of CP, NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) in activated PaSCs forms fibrotic tissue and up-regulates both matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 and the transcription factor Twist1.

Aging hampers neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) efficacy.

Background: NETosis is a neutrophil-mediated defense mechanism during which DNA and enzymes are extruded forming a network (NETs) trapping and killing different pathogens. NETosis is reduced in both mice and humans during aging.

Aims: We explored the difference in the efficacy of NETs released in elderly (> 65 years) versus adults (20-50 years) subjects in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and activating the growth of keratinocytes.

3D Bioprinting of Gelatin-Xanthan Gum Composite Hydrogels for Growth of Human Skin Cells.

In recent years, bioprinting has attracted much attention as a potential tool for generating complex 3D biological constructs capable of mimicking the native tissue microenvironment and promoting physiologically relevant cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The aim of the present study was to develop a crosslinked 3D printable hydrogel based on biocompatible natural polymers, gelatin and xanthan gum at different percentages to be used both as a scaffold for cell growth and as a wound dressing. The CellInk Inkredible 3D printer was used for the 3D printing of hydrogels, and a glutaraldehyde solution was tested for the crosslinking process.

Verteporfin-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles' Topical Applications Inhibit Mouse Melanoma Lymphangiogenesis and Micrometastasis In Vivo.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been pointed out as a candidate for improving melanoma treatment. Nanotechnology application in PDT has increased its efficacy by reducing side effects. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) conjugated with verteporfin (Ver-MSNs), in use with PDT, were administered in mice to evaluate their efficacy on lymphoangiogenesis and micrometastasis in melanoma.

Processing Adipose Tissue to Make it More Stable When Used for Refilling: A Morphologic and Immunohistochemistry Evaluation.

Breast reconstruction has gained from lipofilling the possibility to recover the aesthetic outcome of anatomical profile in a more natural appearance. However, until today, the long-term graft survival remains unpredictable, and sometimes it does not guarantee a well-adequate aesthetic result. In the present work, the morphological changes, occurring in fat mass used for refilling, harvested by the Coleman's procedure or through the washing/fragmenting procedure were analysed.

NETosis in Wound Healing: When Enough Is Enough.

The neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) are a meshwork of chromatin, histonic and non-histonic proteins, and microbicidal agents spread outside the cell by a series of nuclear and cytoplasmic events, collectively called NETosis. NETosis, initially only considered a defensive/apoptotic mechanism, is now considered an extreme defensive solution, which in particular situations induces strong negative effects on tissue physiology, causing or exacerbating pathologies as recently shown in NETs-mediated organ damage in COVID-19 patients. The positive effects of NETs on wound healing have been linked to their antimicrobial activity, while the negative effects appear to be more common in a plethora of pathological conditions (such as diabetes) and linked to a NETosis upregulation.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validation of the italian version of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI).

Background And Aim Of The Work: Foot-and-Ankle-Disability-Index (FADI) is one of the most widely used evaluation questionnaires for this anatomical district, but an italian validated version lacks and is necessary to properly evaluate italian people. In fact a correct interpretation of the items by patients is essential to obtain a precise subjective response, making the questionnaire valid to evaluate patients' satisfaction and wellness. Our purpose was to translate and culturally adapt into Italian the FADI questionnaire, and to check its reproducibility and validity.

Oral Sucrosomial® iron versus intravenous iron for recovering iron deficiency anaemia in ND-CKD patients: a cost- minimization analysis.

Background: Oral iron is recommended as first line treatment of anemia in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD) patients. Sucrosomial® iron, a new generation oral iron with high absorption and bioavailability and a low incidence of side effects, has shown to be not inferior to intravenous (IV) iron in the replacement of iron deficiency anemia in patients with ND-CKD. Besides the clinical benefit, it is also important to determine the comparative total costs of oral versus IV iron administrations.

NADPH oxidase 1 mediates caerulein-induced pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis.

Inflammatory disorders of the pancreas are divided into acute (AP) and chronic (CP) forms. Both states of pancreatitis are a result of pro-inflammatory mediators, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). One of the sources of ROS is NADPH oxidase (Nox).

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validation of the Italian version of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society - MetaTarsoPhalangeal-InterPhalangeal Scale (AOFAS-MTP-IP) for the hallux.

Background And Aim Of The Work: An incorrect interpretation or patients' misunderstanding of evaluation scales can induce a mistake; therefore the real applicability of an evaluation scale should be determined by procedures that take care of cultural adaptability and not only of scientific validity. Our purpose was to translate and culturally adapt into Italian the AOFAS-MTP-IP scale for hallux, and to check its reproducibility and validity.

Methods: The AOFAS-MTP-IP scale was processed for translation and checked for medical part coherence.