Pseudo-Perception: A New Concept for Resolving the Problems of Long Instruments in Neurosurgical Interventions.

Long surgical instruments, particularly in brain endoscopy, often compromise precision and control due to the physical distance between the surgeon's hand and the instrument's tip, increasing the likelihood of tremors. Various technological solutions, including robotics, have been proposed to address this issue. This report outlines the development of a pseudo-perception system aimed at improving control over long instruments in neurosurgical procedures by manipulating visual feedback to enhance the surgeon's sense of proximity to the instrument's tip.

The cost and feasibility of marine coastal restoration.

Land-use change in the coastal zone has led to worldwide degradation of marine coastal ecosystems and a loss of the goods and services they provide. Restoration is the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, or destroyed and is critical for habitats where natural recovery is hindered. Uncertainties about restoration cost and feasibility can impede decisions on whether, what, how, where, and how much to restore.