A diagnosis model for brain atrophy using deep learning and MRI of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is linked to cognitive deterioration and anatomical brain abnormalities like cerebral brain atrophy and cerebral diseases. We aim to develop an automatic deep learning-based brain atrophy diagnosis model to detect, segment, classify, and predict the survival rate.

Methods: Two hundred thirty-five MRI images affected with brain atrophy due to prolonged T2DM were acquired.

A Call for Integrated Psychiatry-Psychology Collaboration on Consult-Liaison Services: Experiences of a Psychology Extern and Recommendations for Collaborative Care.

Few institutions have integrated psychologists into consult-liaison (CL) psychiatry services caring for patients with medical conditions and comorbid serious mental illnesses (SMI). To our knowledge, no studies have explored the experiences of an integrated pre-doctoral psychologist on a CL psychiatry service and applications of collaborative care. The present study aims to 1) highlight the experiences of a psychology extern on an adult CL psychiatry service in a public academic hospital, and 2) apply a collaborative care framework to provide recommendations for implementing integrated psychiatry-psychology collaboration.

Cushing's Disease Presenting with Functional Neurological (Conversion) Disorder.

While psychiatric manifestations are common in patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS), to our knowledge, there are no reported cases of CS presenting with functional neurological disorder (FND), a neuropsychiatric condition in which patients experience neurological symptoms, such as motor dysfunctions, sensory symptoms, speech disorders, or nonepileptic seizures, in the absence of neurological disease. Here, we report a case of a complex patient with Cushing's disease who presented with multiple FND symptoms including nonepileptic seizures, bilateral lower extremity paralysis, decreased finger flexion resulting in limited hand function, and stuttering. This case illustrates a rare psychiatric manifestation of CS presenting as multiple neurological complaints.

Self-Administration of Right Vagus Nerve Stimulation Activates Midbrain Dopaminergic Nuclei.

Left cervical vagus nerve stimulation (l-VNS) is an FDA-approved treatment for neurological disorders including epilepsy, major depressive disorder, and stroke, and l-VNS is increasingly under investigation for a range of other neurological indications. Traditional l-VNS is thought to induce therapeutic neuroplasticity in part through the coordinated activation of multiple broadly projecting neuromodulatory systems in the brain. Recently, it has been reported that striking lateralization exists in the anatomical and functional connectivity between the vagus nerves and the dopaminergic midbrain.

Management challenges in patients with comorbid COVID-19 associated delirium and serious mental illness - A case series.

Background: There is still a lot unknown about the novel Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) and its effects in humans. This pandemic has posed several challenging clinical situations to healthcare providers.

Objective: We hope to highlight the distinctive challenges that COVID-19 presents in patients with serious mental illness and what steps primary medical teams can take to co-manage these patients with the psychiatry consultants.

A Rise in Aspartate Transaminase and Alanine Transaminase Associated With Ondansetron Administration in a Pregnant Female.

Ondansetron (ODSN) is a commonly used and well-tolerated anti-emetic used during pregnancy. Upon review, three cases were identified in which liver function tests (LFTs) were elevated after ODSN administration without concurrent chemotherapy. In this report, we present a case of a 28-year-old pregnant female experiencing psychosis who developed serum level elevation of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT).

Diabetes Self-Care Activities: A Community-Based Survey in an Urban Slum in Hyderabad, India.

Background: Diabetes is a chronic illness with silent manifestations, which can be better managed by the individual through self-care behaviors such as diet control, proper exercise, monitoring blood glucose, and adherence to dug.

Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of existing self-care behaviors among people with diabetes and its associated factors.

Methods: It was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in an urban slum in Hyderabad.

Ethical, Compassionate, and Cost-Effective Approach to Health Care Decisions of Unrepresented Patients: A Bioethics Quality Improvement Project.

Background: Unrepresented patients are defined as patients who lack capacity and do not have surrogate decision makers. Nonemergent medical treatment of unrepresented patients is often not provided owing to lack of a surrogate or is delayed because of lengthy court proceedings resulting in increased suffering and increased length of stay.

Objective: Development of an institutional policy that allows a multidisciplinary team to make medical decisions for unrepresented patients provides an ethically sound, legally viable, medically appropriate, and financially responsible solution.

Challenges faced by mental health providers and patients during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic due to technological barriers.

Background: The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been responsible for the devastation of hundreds of thousands of lives directly and has caused disruptions globally. Vulnerable populations, specifically those suffering from serious mental illness and homelessness, are at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 infection resulting in medical complications and psychiatric destabilization. In addition, mental health has become increasingly relevant throughout the country given the psychological distress people have been facing due to the spread of COVID-19 and the toll of a more restricted way of living.

Prospective 1-year follow-up study of all cured, new sputum smear positive tuberculosis patients under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program in Hyderabad, Telangana State, India.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of mortality in India. The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) is a robust public health system to deal with TB in India. Unless the treated patient comes back to the system with signs and symptoms of TB due to relapse or re-infection, there is no mechanism of follow-up or any method to know the relapse rate in the population.

Introducing gender equity to adolescent school children: A mixed methods' study.

Background: Over the past decade, gender equality and women's empowerment have been explicitly recognized as key not only to the health of nations but also to social and economic development. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of a mixed methods' participatory group education approach to introduce gender equity to adolescent school children. It also assessed baseline and postintervention knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding gender equity, sexual and reproductive health among adolescent students in government-aided schools, and finally, compare the pre- and post-intervention gender equitable (GE) attitudes among the study participants.

Hypertensive Encephalopathy: A Case of a Male Who Bit Off His Fingers.

Although altered consciousness and other neurologic manifestations are frequently seen in hypertensive encephalopathy, behavioral and psychotic symptoms are rarely seen. We describe a patient with no previous psychiatric history who was admitted for hypertensive crisis. A few days after admission, his blood pressure remained uncontrolled and he started to exhibit episodes of confusion, agitation, and psychosis.

Optical coherence tomography guided microinjections in live mouse embryos: high-resolution targeted manipulation for mouse embryonic research.

The ability to conduct highly localized delivery of contrast agents, viral vectors, therapeutic or pharmacological agents, and signaling molecules or dyes to live mammalian embryos is greatly desired to enable a variety of studies in the field of developmental biology, such as investigating the molecular regulation of cardiovascular morphogenesis. To meet such a demand, we introduce, for the first time, the concept of employing optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guide microinjections in live mouse embryos, which provides precisely targeted manipulation with spatial resolution at the micrometer scale. The feasibility demonstration is performed with experimental studies on cultured live mouse embryos at E8.

Optical coherence tomography for live phenotypic analysis of embryonic ocular structures in mouse models.

Mouse models of ocular diseases provide a powerful resource for exploration of molecular regulation of eye development and pre-clinical studies. Availability of a live high-resolution imaging method for mouse embryonic eyes would significantly enhance longitudinal analyses and high-throughput morphological screening. We demonstrate that optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used for live embryonic ocular imaging throughout gestation.

Optical coherence tomography for high-resolution imaging of mouse development in utero.

Although the mouse is a superior model to study mammalian embryonic development, high-resolution live dynamic visualization of mouse embryos remain a technical challenge. We present optical coherence tomography as a novel methodology for live imaging of mouse embryos through the uterine wall thereby allowing for time lapse analysis of developmental processes and direct phenotypic analysis of developing embryos. We assessed the capability of the proposed methodology to visualize structures of the living embryo from embryonic stages 12.

Clozapine-withdrawal catatonia.

Background: Case reports in which abrupt clozapine discontinuation led to a return of psychosis, autonomic instability, or catatonia have been previously presented in the literature.

Objective: The authors report on symptom presentation and resolution in a case of abrupt withdrawal of clozapine medication.

Method: The authors describe the condition and history of the patient, a 49-year-old woman with schizophrenia, the medical support she received, and the re-initiation of her clozapine medication.

Hemodynamic measurements from individual blood cells in early mammalian embryos with Doppler swept source OCT.

The most common and lethal birth defects affect the cardiovascular (CV) system. The mouse is a superior model for identifying and understanding mammalian CV birth defects, but there is a great need for tools that can detect early and subtle deficiencies in cardiac function in mouse embryos. We combined swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) with live mouse embryo culture protocols to generate structural two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging and hemodynamic measurements in a live 8.

Hashimoto's encephalopathy: a case report with neuropsychological testing.

We report a case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy with detailed neuropsychological testing before, during and after steroid treatment, allowing a more precise characterization of the deficits and their response to treatment. It highlights that behavioral and psychotic symptoms remit before cognitive deficits and suggests that the latter may be more appropriate for guiding the duration of steroid treatment.