Implications of EBV-Encoded and EBV-Related miRNAs in Tumors.

Over 90% of people are infected with the human g-herpesvirus known as the Epstein- Barr virus (EBV). Cancers, such as gastric carcinoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma, are thought to be linked with EBV. It is noteworthy that the first virus discovered that encodes microRNAs (miRNAs) was EBV, and these miRNAs show expression at the different phases of EBV infection.

Role of 14-3-3 protein family in the pathobiology of EBV in immortalized B cells and Alzheimer's disease.

Background And Aims: Several studies have revealed that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection raised the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) via infecting B lymphocytes. The purpose of the current investigation was to assess the possible association between EBV infection and AD.

Methods: The microarray datasets GSE49628, GSE126379, GSE122063, and GSE132903 were utilized to extract DEGs by using the GEO2R tool of the GEO platform.

Elements in trace amount with a significant role in human physiology: a tumor pathophysiological and diagnostic aspects.

Cancer has a devastating impact globally regardless of gender, age, and community, which continues its severity to the population due to the lack of efficient strategy for the cancer diagnosis and treatment. According to the World Health Organisation report, one out of six people dies due to this deadly cancer and we need effective strategies to regulate it. In this context, trace element has a very hidden and unexplored role and require more attention from investigators.

Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with clinical, pathological, radiological, laboratory features and disease outcomes of invasive breast cancer patients: A retrospective observational cohort study.

Inflammatory conditions play part in the progression of malignancies, and markers signifying growth of these factors can indicate prognosis. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) is used as a marker of subclinical inflammation that may become an integral part of workup to indicate prognosis and associated pathology. This study aims to explore the association of NLR ratio with clinical characteristics, radiological assessment and staging, histopathology, and disease outcomes of breast cancer.

The Rare Adverse Effect of Cefepime-Induced Neutropenia.

Cefepime is widely considered a safe and effective antibiotic, but it can have rare and serious side effects. We present a case of a 33-year-old female patient who developed severe and potentially life-threatening neutropenia after being on cefepime for 25 days. Despite extensive investigations, no other causes of neutropenia could be identified.

Biochemistry of exosomes and their theranostic potential in human diseases.

Exosomes are classified as special extracellular vesicles in the eukaryotic system having diameters ranging from 30 to 120 nm. These vesicles carry various endogenous molecules including DNA, mRNA, microRNA, circular RNA, and proteins, crucial for numerous metabolic reactions and can be proposed as therapeutic or diagnostic targets for several disorders. The donor exosomes release their content to recipient cells and further establish the significant intercellular communication showing biological effects by triggering environmental alterations.

Insights into intricacies of the Latent Membrane Protein-1 (LMP-1) in EBV-associated cancers.

Numerous lymphomas, carcinomas, and other disorders have been associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. EBV's carcinogenic potential can be correlated to latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which is essential for fibroblast and primary lymphocyte transformation. LMP1, a transmembrane protein with constitutive activity, belongs to the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily.

Immunotherapeutic strategies to induce inflection in the immune response: therapy for cancer and COVID-19.

Cancer has agonized the human race for millions of years. The present decade witnesses biological therapeutics to combat cancer effectively. Cancer Immunotherapy involves the use of therapeutics for manipulation of the immune system by immune agents like cytokines, vaccines, and transfection agents.

An Overview of Promising Biomarkers in Cancer Screening and Detection.

Applications of biomarkers have been proved in oncology screening, diagnosis, predicting response to treatment as well as monitoring the progress of the disease. Considering the crucial role played by them during different disease stages, it is extremely important to evaluate, validate, and assess them to incorporate them into routine clinical care. In this review, the role of few most promising and successfully used biomarkers in cancer detection, i.

Current Opinions on Chemoresistance: An Overview.

Sub population of cancer cells, referred to as Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor initiating cells, have enhanced metastatic potential that drives tumor progression. CSCs have been found to hold intrinsic resistance to present chemotherapeutic strategies. This resistance is attributed to DNA reparability, slower cell cycle and high levels of detoxifying enzymes.

Analysis of TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) gene polymorphisms and mRNA level in patients with dengue infection: A case-control study.

Background: Dengue is a systemic viral infection that spreads to humans by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. The secreted NS1 protein of dengue virus activates macrophages and human PBMCs via TLR4 and induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines which is responsible for the pathogenesis of disease. Mutations in TLR4 gene have been associated with the increased susceptibility to many viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases.

Association of ICAM-1 K469E polymorphism with dengue infection in North Indian population.

Dengue infection is caused by flavivirus is one of the leading cause of mortality. There are certain factors which play role in the transformation of a mild form of the disease (DF) into a severe form (DHF) but the most important ones are: viral strain virulence, host genetics, and host immune status. In severe dengue infection, plasma leakage occurs due to vascular endothelial cell activation through expression of adhesion molecule like intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).

Major bioactive metabolites from marine fungi: A Review.

Biologists and chemists of the world have been attracted towards marine natural products for the last five decades. Approximately 16,000 marine natural products have been isolated from marine organisms which have been reported in approximately 6,800 publications, proving marine microorganisms to be a invaluable source for the production of novel antibiotic, anti tumor, and anti inflammatory agents. The marine fungi particularly those associated with marine alga, sponge, invertebrates, and sediments appear to be a rich source for secondary metabolites, possessing Antibiotic, antiviral, antifungal and antiyeast activities.

Leaf Senescence and GABA Shunt.

Leaf senescence is highly regulated and complex developmental process that involves degradation of macromolecules as well as its recycling. Senescence process involves loss of chlorophyll, degradation of proteins, nucleic acid, lipid and mobilization of nutrients through its transport to the growing parts, developing fruits and seeds. Nitrogen is the most important nutrient to be recycled in senescence process.

Production of extracellular enzymes in the entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecanii.

This study investigates the mechanisms as well as strategies for purification and characterization of potential enzymes involved in pathogenesis of entomopathogenic fungi. The test strain of Verticillium lecanii that was screened, during the present investigation, proved to be an efficient producer of protein and polysaccharide degrading enzymes (amylase, protease, and lipase), hence indicating versatility in biochemical mechanisms. Halo zones produced colony growth of V.

Sudden suffocation with cancer of unknown primary: a case report and review of diagnostic approach.

A case of a 31-year-old woman with sudden respiratory distress is presented. Preliminary evaluations and imaging studies did not reveal the underlying cause. Workup during hospital stay showed advanced metastatic cancer of unknown primary origin.

Development of Transformation System of Verticillium lecanii (Lecanicillium spp.) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) Based on Nitrate Reductase Gene of Aspergillus nidulans.

A heterologous transformation system was developed for V. lecanii based on the complementation of a nitrate reductase mutant. Nitrate reductase mutants were obtained by resistance to chlorate in a rate of 23.

Optimization of DNA extraction from seeds and leaf tissues of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum) for polymerase chain reaction.

Chrysanthemums constitute approximately 30 species of perennial flowering plants, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Asia and Northeastern Europe. Chrysanthemum is a natural cosmetic additive extracted from Chinese herb by modern biochemical technology. It has the properties of anti-bacterial, anti-viral, reducing (detoxification) and anti-inflammation.

Can semiology predict psychogenic nonepileptic seizures? A prospective study.

Objective: Reducing health and economic burdens from diagnostic delay of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) requires prompt referral for video electroencephalography (VEEG) monitoring, the diagnostic gold standard. Practitioners make VEEG referrals when semiology suggests PNES, although few semiological signs are supported by well-designed studies, and most VEEG studies neglect to concurrently measure how accurately seizure witnesses can ascertain semiology. In this study, we estimate the value of eyewitness-reported and video-documented semiology for predicting PNES, and we measure accuracy of eyewitness reports.