Innovative CuO-melanin hybrid nanoparticles and polytetrafluoroethylene for enhanced antifouling coatings.

Based on current research, a highly effective, completely biocompatible, and eco-friendly antifouling method was developed. Sepia pharaonis was used to synthesize melanin nanoparticles from its ink. To improve the anti-biofouling characteristics, CuO nanoparticles were synthesized from Padina sp.

Application of enzymes for targeted removal of biofilm and fouling from fouling-release surfaces in marine environments: A review.

Biofouling causes adverse issues in underwater structures including ship hulls, aquaculture cages, fishnets, petroleum pipelines, sensors, and other equipment. Marine constructions and vessels frequently are using coatings with antifouling properties. During the previous ten years, several alternative strategies have been used to combat the biofilm and biofouling that have developed on different abiotic or biotic surfaces.

Marine enzymes: Classification and application in various industries.

Oceans are regarded as a plentiful and sustainable source of biological compounds. Enzymes are a group of marine biomaterials that have recently drawn more attention because they are produced in harsh environmental conditions such as high salinity, extensive pH, a wide temperature range, and high pressure. Hence, marine-derived enzymes are capable of exhibiting remarkable properties due to their unique composition.