Blood pressure and contributing factors in inhabitants of Estonia: 15-year trends.

Aim: To study the 15-year trends of blood pressure (BP) values in inhabitants of Estonia, three independent random samples of the population of Tallinn aged 20-54 years were examined in 1984/86, 1992/94 and in 1999/2001.

Results: A substantial decrease in BP values was observed in the population of Tallinn by the early 1990s; it continued to a smaller extent during the late 1990s. An improvement in some factors contributing to the development of arterial hypertension: decrease in body mass index (BMI) mean values and positive dietary changes were observed during this period.

Nutritional assessment of elderly people in nursing house and at home in Tallinn.

In Merivälja nursing house, the actual nutrition in 2000 (by menus in 10 days intervals in January and April) of 105 elderly was calculated (with the local ANKE-PC-program) and compared with the nutrition data of the same nursing house in 1978 and of the home-living retired elderly people in 1995. Nutritional status has been estimated by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Body Mass Index (BMI) in 51 elderly (aged 51-97 years) at the nursing house and in 150 elderly (aged 58-86 years) living at home in Tallinn. Over 20 years interval there was only a modest improvement in nutrition (P/C ratio had achieved 0.

Effect of apo E phenotype on plasma postprandial triglyceride levels in young male adults with and without a familial history of myocardial infarction: the EARS II study. European Atherosclerosis Research Study.

The goal of the present study was to assess whether the effect of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism on postprandial lipemia explained part of the risk attributable to familial history of coronary heart disease. Cases (n = 407) were students, aged between 18 and 28 years, whose fathers had a proven myocardial infarction before the age of 55 years. Age-matched controls (n = 415) were recruited from the corresponding student registers.

[The regional characteristics of the blood plasma lipid levels and of the indices of arterial pressure and physical development in schoolchildren of Russian nationality living in different climatic-geographic areas (based on the data from a single study in Ashgabad, Moscow, Orenburg, Tyumen and Tallinn)].

Random samples from a schoolchildren population living in different climatic and geographic regions were entered in the standard epidemiological survey. They were examined for plasma lipids vs. arterial pressure and physical development.

[Effects of prophylactic vitamin administration to Tallin's schoolchildren on their health and physical development].

Data are presented on the influence of prophylactic vitamin administration to schoolchildren in two schools on their health. The morbidity rate significantly decreased, the levels of lysozyme in the saliva, hemoglobin in the blood and total protein in the blood serum rose in the children who received multivitamin "Undevitum" during 5-7 months, as compared to those who were not given the vitamins. Vitamin administration did not influence the physical development of schoolchildren.

[Risk factors of ischemic heart disease and arteriosclerosis among the population of Tallinn: their relation to age, sex and ethnic origin (a population study)].

A random sample of males aged 30-54, females aged 30-54, and schoolchildren aged 10-14 years who live in Tallinn underwent a cross-sectional epidemiological study. A total of 4149 individuals were examined. The adults and children showed different atherogenic changes in lipid parameters, the former displayed high blood pressures, whereas the Estonian children had higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure.

[The regional characteristics of the prevalence of elevated arterial pressure in the schoolchildren of Moscow, Tallinn and Novosibirsk (a cooperative study)].

The authors describe the results of a cooperative epidemiological screening of schoolchildren aged 11 to 14 years, living in Moscow, Tallinn and Novosibirsk. 1219 persons underwent screening in Moscow, 923 in Novosibirsk, and 1227 in Tallinn; the screening coverage was 88.3, 92 and 87.

Epidemiological characteristics of dyslipoproteinaemia and certain other risk factors of atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease in 11- and 14-year children in different climatogeographic zones. Results of a cooperative study.

The authors compare the prevalence of risk factors of atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease (dyslipoproteinaemia, elevated arterial pressure, overweight, smoking, low physical activity) in representative samples of 11- and 14-year old school-children in Moscow, Novosibirsk and Tallin. The number of pupils subjected to medical examination totalled 3369; the respondence rate was 87-92%. There appeared a number of regional differences: the study in Moscow showed the highest prevalence of elevated arterial pressure and overweight, in Novosibirsk - hypertriglyceridaemia, in Tallin - hypercholesterolaemia.

[Metabolism and nutrition of young children in a children's home].

Certain parameters of protein and fat metabolism, as well as provision with vitamins A, B1, B2 and mineral substances (calcium, phosphorus and magnesium) were studied in infants aged 1-3 years, at the Tartu Children's Home No. 2. Simultaneously, the infants' nutrition and development were investigated.