[The alteration of the parameters of lipid peroxidation and the antioxidative system in the children presenting with pyo-inflammatory diseases of the middle ear].

The objective of the present study was to determine the amount of products of lipid peroxidation (dienic conjugates and malonic dialdehydes) together with antioxidative enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) in 47 children presenting with acute pyo-inflammatory otitis media (APIOM) and 125 patients with chronic suppurative mesotympanitis (CSMT). In addition, 49 children presenting with chronic suppurative epitympanitis (CSET) and chronic suppurative epimesotympanitis (CSEMT) were included in the study. The data obtained were analysed and compared with the similar characteristics of 28 healthy children of the same age comprising the control group.

[The implementation of computer model in research of dynamics of proliferation of cells of thyroid gland follicle].

The article deals with the results of computational experiments in research of dynamics of proliferation of cells of thyroid gland follicle in normal condition and in the case of malignant neoplasm. The model studies demonstrated that the chronic increase of parameter of proliferation of cells of thyroid gland follicle results in abnormal behavior of numbers of cell cenosis of thyroid gland follicle. The stationary state interrupts, the auto-oscillations occur with transition to irregular oscillations with unpredictable cell proliferation and further to the "black hole" effect.

[Computer simulation of thyroid regulatory mechanisms in health and malignancy].

The paper describes a computer model for regulation of the number of thyroid follicular cells in health and malignancy. The authors'computer program for mathematical simulation of the regulatory mechanisms of a thyroid follicular cellular community cannot be now referred to as good commercial products. For commercialization of this product, it is necessary to draw up a direct relation of the introduced corrected values from the actually existing normal values, such as the peripheral blood concentrations of thyroid hormones or the mean values of endocrine tissue mitotic activity.

[Biological effects of thyroxine in experimental carcinogenesis].

The study was undertaken to examine the in vitro and in vivo effects ofthyroxine Т4 at the concentrations of 10-4 M, 10-6 M, 10- M on the proliferative capacity and apoptosis of tumor cells of various pathogenesis. During the investigations, the authors used the unicellular suspension prepared from the surgical material obtained from 2 patients operated on for thyroid nodules (n = 1) and breast tumors in gynecomastia (n = 1) and evaluated the in vivo antitumor and antiproliferative activities of Т4, by using the melanoma B-16 inoculated in C57B1 mice. In the in vitro experiments, Т4 given in a dose of 10- М produced the highest cytotoxic activity against benign thyroid tumor cells (70±4.

[The membrane receptor binding of thyroid hormones in rat liver and brain cells in ontogeny].

We studied changes of phospholipid and fatty acid composition of highly purified plasma membranes of liver and brain cells of rats over time during ontogenesis. Membranes were isolated from the organs of 2-day-old embryos, 6-day-old newborn rats, and adult rats. We examined the binding of thyroxine, a thyroid hormone, by preparations of plasma membranes from liver and brain at these times and have determined any tissue specificity in the development of membrane-mediated thyroxine reception during ontogenesis.

[Isolation and characteristics of the thyroxine membrane receptor].

A thyroxin receptor was isolated from rat liver plasma membranes by means of affinity chromatography. The receptor proved to be glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 40 kDa and contained 322 amino acid residues. Incorporation of the purified receptor into artificial phospholipid membrane was carried out.

[Effect of changes in erythrocyte lipid spectrum on erythrocyte functional parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus].

Studies of the red cell lipid spectrum in diabetics and of the effects of bioactive substances and reconstruction of the red cell membrane lipid component on these cells aggregation have shown increased levels of lysophosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, cholesterol to phospholipid ratio, and saturated fatty acids in the presence of phosphatidylcholine reduction. Fluctuations in the levels of lipids of other classes were also revealed. Studies of red cell aggregation have revealed that incubation of donors' and diabetics' red cells with hormones did not lead to essential changes in the aggregation induced by alcian blue.

[Membrane reception of thyroid hormones].

Comparative and competitive analyses of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) binding to highly purified rat liver, brain and lung cell plasma membranes were carried out. The dependence of hormone binding on the time, temperature and concentration was studied. The effects of trypsin and partial delipidation on the binding parameters of thyroid hormones were investigated.

[Phospholipase A2 activity in human platelets. Isolation and purification of the enzyme].

The activity of phospholipase A2 in blood platelets of healthy donors and IHD patients was examined. The enzyme activity was found to be increased 3-fold in platelets possessing a high level of functional activity (IHD) and by one order of magnitude in patients with myocardial infarction as compared with healthy donors. An enzyme preparation possessing a phospholipase activity was isolated from platelets by using salt extraction (KCl) and sonication.

[The effect of changes in the lipid composition of membranes on the functional activity of platelets].

The phospholipid and fatty acid composition as well as the effect of platelet lipid composition modifications on the functional parameters of platelets were studied in blood sera from healthy donors and from patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). It was found that the content of cholesterol and phospholipid hydrolysis products in IHD patients was increased. Reconstitution of the lipid composition of donor platelets by lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidic acid, fatty acids and cholesterol led to the increase of the platelet functional activity.

[The effect of calmodulin and chlorpromazine on the activity of phospholipases A2 from various sources].

The effects of calmodulin and chlorpromazine on purified phospholipase A2 preparations from snake venoms: cobra (Naja naja oxiana), echis (Ehis multisquamatus) and Agkistrodon halys halys, as well as on phospholipases A2 from rat liver mitochondria and human platelets were studied. It was shown that within the concentration range of 1-5 microM calmodulin stimulates the phospholipase activity. Chlorpromazine inhibits the activity of these enzymes, the degree of inhibition being different for various phospholipases.

[Autologous liposomes].

A possibility to increase liposomal tropism to different organs by obtaining them from target lipid cells is considered. The interaction of liposomes of varying phospholipid and ganglioside composition with hepatic cells of rats was studied in vitro. It was found that this interaction was governed both by the phospholipid and ganglioside composition of the vesicles.

[The lipid composition and aggregating capacity of thrombocytes in hyper- and hypothyroidism].

The aim of the work was to investigate the phospholipid composition and parameters of platelet aggregation in patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism. The data obtained have shown that phospholipid liposomes added exogenously, changed the function of cell hemostasis and, in particular, decreased platelet aggregation. Unlike the other phospholipids, phosphatidylinositol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine produced the most significant effect on this index and corrected, to a certain extent, disturbed platelet functions in hypothyroidism.

[Effect of lipids on thrombocyte aggregation in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Platelet lipid composition was studied in healthy subjects and patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and effects of various phospholipids (PL) were examined on aggregatory parameters. The patients with CHD was found to show higher levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidic acid (PA), cholesterol (Chol), increased Chol/PL of saturated fatty acids, elevated malonic dialdehyde and lower phosphatidylinositol (PI) concentrations. Addition of liposomes from various PL classes to platelet-rich plasma indicated as follows.

[Protective action of liposome-incorporated surface antigens of the influenza virus by different methods of immunization].

The influence of different routes of immunization on the protective effect of liposome-incorporated influenza A/PR/8/34 virus surface antigens was studied. Influenza virus surface antigens, neuraminidase and hemagglutinin, incorporated into liposomes, were shown to have a significant protective effect upon intraperitoneal and intranasal administration against a lethal dose of influenza virus as compared with immunization using a free antigen solution against the same infection. The protective effect is poor in intravenous immunization with influenza virus antigen-containing liposomes.

[Phospholipase A2 and reacylation of phospholipids].

Transacetylation of labeled CoA-oleate and oleate into liposomes from dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by phospholipase A2 from rat liver mitochondria was studied. It was shown that the efficiency of CoA-oleate incorporation slightly exceeded that of oleic acid both in the phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine fractions. It was found also that some amount of the labeled substrate remains bound to the enzyme; the type of oleate and CoA-oleate binding differs, depending on their concentrations.

[Effect of changes in the membrane lipid composition on the activity of respiratory chain enzymes in rat liver mitochondria].

The lipid composition and fatty acid spectrum of individual phospholipid fractions of internal and external membranes of mitochondria was studied in alloxan diabetes. It was found that the phosphatidylserine content is reduced under these conditions, while those of lysophosphatidylcholines, diphosphatidylglycerols and cholesterol are increased, and the fatty acids are saturated with phospholipids. The observed changes in the lipid composition of membranes cause a decrease in the rate of oxygen consumption in various metabolic states as well as in the activity of NAD X H+-, succinate and cytochrome oxidases in rat liver mitochondria.

[Quantitative composition and functional role of thyroid phospholipids in nodular hypothyroid goiter].

Correlations between change in the composition of thyroid nodal tissue individual phospholipids and intensity of oxidizing processes under the influence of various phospholipid liposomes were studied. The thyroid phospholipid fraction level was investigated in patients with nodular goiter. A decrease in the level of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylinositide by 54%, cardiolipin by 63%, phosphatidic acid by 70%, phosphatidylserine by 46%, phosphatidylcholine by 7% and a two-fold increase in the level of phosphatidylethanolamine as compared to the control one were shown.

[Lipid composition of immunocompetent organs of tumor-bearing rats].

A comparative study of phospholipid composition of thymus, spleen, bone marrow, liver and peritoneal exudate with sarcoma 45-bearing and normal rats was carried out. It was found that substantial changes in total phospholipid and cholesterol contents are observed only in peritoneal exudate of tumour-bearing animals. Some alterations were revealed in the content of individual fractions of investigated organs.

[Effect of different levels of thyroid hormones on the fatty acid composition of lipids from rat liver mitochondria].

The abundance or deficiency of thyroid hormones in rat organism influence the unsaturation and desaturation indices of total lipid fatty acids and phospholipids in liver mitochondria. The most conspicuous changes were observed in the fatty acid composition of the phospholipid fraction. The changes in the structure and function of rat liver mitochondria are considered to be due to alterations in the fatty acid composition of mitochondrial phospholipids.

[Quantitative properties and biosynthesis of phospholipids in rat embryonic tissues in the process of development].

The content of lipid phosphorus and the rate of [1-14C]palmitate incorporation into individual phospholipids of rat embryonic liver, kidney, spleen, brain, and placenta at different stages of prenatal development were studied. It was shown that the level of neutral phospholipids at all stages is much higher than that in acid fractions; however, the rate of the acid fraction exchange is 10 times higher depending on the age of the embryos. The specific radioactivity of individual fractions of embryonic rat tissue largely exceeds that in adult animals.

[Lipid content of mitochondrial membranes of the rat liver in alloxan diabetes].

Lipid content of liver mitochondrial membranes was studied in rats with alloxan diabetes. It was shown that the concentration of mitochondrial neutral lipids rose, whereas phospholipid content in the external membrane descended and that in the internal membrane ascended. The level of mitochondrial phospholipid saturated fatty acids tended toward increase.

[Fatty acid composition of individual phospholipids in skeletal muscle at different insulin levels in the rat].

Insulin injections cause an increase of the total content of saturated fatty acids in the sphingomyelin and phosphatidylethanolamine fractions of rat skeletal muscles as well as in the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine and phosphatidyl inositol fractions. These effects are not always opposite in case of alloxan diabetes.

[Changes in the ganglioside composition of various rat organs under the action of thyroid hormones].

The ganglioside content in various organs of the rat were studied under normal conditions and under deficiency of thyroid hormones. The minimal ganglioside content was observed in skeletal muscles, the maximal one--in the brain. Using thin-layer chromatography, it was demonstrated that these organs possess a complex ganglioside composition which differs both qualitatively and quantitatively.