FREQUENCY OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of coronary risk factors such as diabetes and pre-diabetes, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride (TG), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels and high blood pressure (BP). It is estimated that around a quarter of the world's adult population have MetS and they are twice as likely to die from it and three times as likely to have a coronary event or stroke compared with people without the syndrome.

Methods: This observational descriptive study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine, Federal Government Polyclinic Islamabad.

Frequency of dysmenorrhoea, its impact and management strategies adopted by medical students.

Background: Dysmenorrhea is quite frequent and may affect the daily activities especially during the early years of adolesence. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dysmenorrhoea, its impact, and the management strategies adopted.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done with 356 consenting females studying at Mohiuddin Islamic University, Mirpur Azad Kashmir, between 18-25 years of age, with regular menstrual cycles and normal abdomino-pelvic ultrasound and not taking any medication.