Introducing the Muzzammil classification for spoke wheel injuries in children to enhance injury assessment and treatment in developing countries.

Motorbike spoke wheel injuries (SWIs) among children are a notable public health concern, especially in low and middle-income regions. The primary objective of this study is to comprehensively examine the patterns of motorbike spoke wheel injuries (SWIs) in children. Additionally, the study introduces a novel classification system for these injuries.

Prevalence of inadequate vitamin D level and its predictors in children presenting with torus fractures.

Background: Review of the published articles does not show any study done to see if children with torus fracture are with Vitamin D deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine association of inadequacy of Vitamin D level with torus fracture and its predictors in children in Karachi Pakistan.

Methods: Patient underage of 13 years came with torus fracture were included in study, and managed non-operatively with below elbow cast.

Onsite Triage, Pre-Hospital Management And Effective Hospital Transportation "Where Do We Stand?".

Background: To improve morbidity and mortality outcomes in mass casualty victims it is pertinent that a system of prehospital triage be implemented. The objectives of this study are to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of emergency care transporters and ambulance personnel towards onsite triage, pre-hospital management and transportation to hospital of critically injured and wounded patients in mass casualty incidents and other emergencies in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: All ambulance personnel and emergency care transporters who transported patients to the hospital were included in the study.

Osteoporosis: Prevalence, awareness and pertinent risk factors in a cohort of elderly Asian population presenting with low-energy distal radius fractures.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the awareness of osteoporosis and related risk factors in elderly Asian patients who present with distal radius fractures. The distal radius fracture is one of the most frequent fractures in the elderly cohort, owing to osteoporosis, and maybe a harbinger for further fractures, however, data is scarce regarding awareness of this condition among these patients.

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients aged 45 and above that presented in the emergency department with low-energy distal radial fractures in Karachi from January-December 2018.

Primary trauma care course: Alternative basic trauma course in developing countries. "The Need Of The Hour".

Objective: Low- and middle-income countries account for over 90% of all road traffic injury deaths. Despite this, formal training in trauma management is not widely adopted in these countries. No specific training was available in prehospital or emergency department for life support before primary trauma care (PTC) course.