Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava in Pacemaker Implantation for Digoxin-Induced Complete Heart Block: Clinical Considerations and Challenges.

Duplication of the superior vena cava is a rare congenital anomaly. Although often asymptomatic, this anatomical variation can complicate cardiovascular procedures, particularly those involving central venous access. We present the case of an 82-year-old female with multiple comorbidities, who was incidentally found to have a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) during pacemaker implantation for digoxin-induced complete heart block.