The Relationship Between Hemoglobin A1c, Time in Range, and Glycemic Management Indicator in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the correlation between glycated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c), time in range (TIR), and glycemic management indicator (GMI) in patients with both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were using a flash glucose monitoring (FGM) device (FreeStyle Libre; Abbott Diabetic Care, Witney, UK).

Methods: This was a retrospective study that looked at T1D and T2D FreeStyle Libre users' LibreView database in the period between January 2020 to June 2022. The study was conducted at the diabetes department at the King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, following Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval.

Manual and Application-Based Carbohydrate Counting and Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Subjects: A Narrative Review.

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is the most common chronic disease in young adults and children, which is treated with insulin, usually given as basal and boluses. Carbohydrate counting (CHOC) helps patients to determine the correct meal doses. The aim of this review is to study the effect of CHOC on glucose control, body weight, insulin dose and quality of life (QoL).

Consanguinity and Diabetes in Saudi Population: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) of both types is a genetically determined disorder and is prevalent in the Saudi population. Furthermore, the rate of consanguineous marriages is also high among Saudis. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of consanguinity among people with DM and investigate the effect of consanguinity on the occurrence of diabetes at different levels.

Severe vitamin D deficiency is not related to SARS-CoV-2 infection but may increase mortality risk in hospitalized adults: a retrospective case-control study in an Arab Gulf country.

Purpose: As the world continues to cautiously navigate its way through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several breakthroughs in therapies and vaccines are currently being developed and scrutinized. Consequently, alternative therapies for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevention, such as vitamin D supplementation, while hypothetically promising, require substantial evidence from countries affected by COVID-19. The present retrospective case-control study aims to identify differences in vitamin D status and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients screened for SARS-CoV-2, and determine associations of vitamin D levels with increased COVID-19 risk and mortality.

Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study.

Background: Information on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized Covid-19 patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited in the Arab region. This study aims to fill this gap.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, medical records of hospitalized adults with confirmed Covid-19 [RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV2] at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC)-King Khaled University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from May to July 2020 were analyzed.

The Saudi clinical practice guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults.

Objective: To assist healthcare providers in evidence-based clinical decision-making for the management of overweight and obese adults in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: The Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia assembled an expert Saudi panel to produce this clinical practice guideline in 2015. In collaboration with the methodological working group from McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, which describes both the strength of recommendation and the quality of evidence 

Results: After identifying 11 questions, corresponding recommendations were agreed upon as guidance for the management of overweight and obese adults.

Glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in patients with diabetes in pregnancy: A retrospective study.

Context: Diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) is either pregestational or gestational.

Aims: To determine the relationship between glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in a cohort of DIP patients.

Settings And Design: In this 12-month retrospective study, a total of 325 Saudi women with DIP who attended the outpatient clinics at a tertiary center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were included.

Characterization of thyroid function and antithyroid antibody tests among Saudis.

Objective: To determine the reference intervals for thyroid function tests and the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in the Saudi population.  

Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January to June 2013. History and physical examination were obtained.

Hypofibrinolysis in type 2 diabetes: the role of the inflammatory pathway and complement C3.

Aims/hypothesis: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been regarded as the main antifibrinolytic protein in diabetes, but recent work indicates that complement C3 (C3), an inflammatory protein, directly compromises fibrinolysis in type 1 diabetes. The aim of the current project was to investigate associations between C3 and fibrinolysis in a large cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Plasma levels of C3, C-reactive protein (CRP), PAI-1 and fibrinogen were analysed by ELISA in 837 patients enrolled in the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study.

Gender-specific alterations in fibrin structure function in type 2 diabetes: associations with cardiometabolic and vascular markers.

Context: Diabetes is associated with increased incidence of atherothrombotic disease. The fibrin network forms the backbone of the arterial thrombus, and fibrin clot structure determines predisposition to cardiovascular events.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate fibrin clot structure/fibrinolysis in the largest type 2 diabetes cohort and analyze associations with cardiometabolic risk factors and vascular pathology.