Deciphering the nature and statistical optimization of antimicrobial metabolites of two endophytic bacilli.

In this study, Allium sativum, garlic, was selected to isolate endophytic bacteria and to evaluate the antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of their produced metabolites followed by identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster of the antimicrobial metabolites using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). Two bacterial isolates, C6 and C11, were found to have a broad-spectrum antagonistic effect against four standard microbial strains and were molecularly identified using 16 S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis and deposited in a local culture collection as B. velezensis CCASU-C6, and B.

Impact of targeted drug administration and intermittent preventive treatment for forest goers using artesunate-pyronaridine to control malaria outbreaks in Cambodia.

Introduction: The national malaria programme of Cambodia targets the rapid elimination of all human malaria by 2025. As clinical cases decline to near-elimination levels, a key strategy is the rapid identification of malaria outbreaks triggering effective action to interrupt local transmission. We report a comprehensive, multipronged management approach in response to a  2022 Plasmodium falciparum outbreak in Kravanh district, western Cambodia.

Exploring the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Antiviral Potential of Eco-Friendly Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Aqueous Extract of L.

Herein, the prospective applications of green fabricated silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) within the biomedical field were investigated. The leaf aqueous extract of L., a safe, cheap, and green method, was used to fabricate Ag-NPs.

An Eco-Friendly Approach Utilizing Green Synthesized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles for Leather Conservation against a Fungal Strain, AL1, Involved in the Biodeterioration of a Historical Manuscript.

The main hypothesis of the present research is investigating the efficacy of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) to prevent the growth of fungal strains when applied on leather under an experimental study. Therefore, fifteen fungal strains were isolated from a deteriorated historical manuscript (papers and leathers) and identified by traditional methods and ITS sequence analysis, including (one isolate), (two strains), (four strains), (one strain), (one strain), (two strains), (two strains), and (two strains). The enzymes cellulase, amylase, pectinase, and gelatinase, which play a crucial role in biodegradation, were highly active in these fungal strains.

Antifungal Activity of Cell-Free Filtrate of Probiotic Bacteria ATCC-7469 against Fungal Strains Isolated from a Historical Manuscript.

Herein, twelve fungal strains were isolated from a deteriorated historical manuscript dated back to the 18th century. The obtained fungal strains were identified, using the traditional method and ITS sequence analysis, as (two strains), (five strains), (one strain), (two strains), (one strain), and (one strain). The ability of these fungal strains to degrade the main components of the paper was investigated by their activity to secrete extracellular enzymes including cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, and pectinase.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using an Aqueous Extract of for Antimicrobial and Catalytic Activity.

The peel aqueous extract of was utilized to fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) as a green approach. The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy, which was attached to an energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Spherical, well arranged, and crystallographic structures of ZnO-NPs were formed with sizes of 10-45 nm.

Behavioural determinants of malaria risk, prevention, and care-seeking behaviours among forest-goers in Cambodia.

Background: Cambodia has made significant progress towards achieving malaria elimination by 2025. Cases continue to decrease and are primarily concentrated in forested areas. Forest-goers are most at risk of malaria due to their proximity to the forest, poor sleeping conditions, frequent mobility, and distance from health services.

Fungal Biodeterioration of a Historical Manuscript Dating Back to the 14th Century: An Insight into Various Fungal Strains and Their Enzymatic Activities.

This study aims to assess the deterioration aspects of a historical manuscript dating back to the 14th century that was deposited in the Library of the Arabic Language Academy, Cairo, Egypt. The study aims at the exploration of the role of various fungal strains that had colonized this deteriorated manuscript in its biodeterioration through their efficacy in the secretion of various hydrolytic enzymes. To evaluate the deterioration, various techniques, including visual inspection, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), color change, and pH value, were utilized.

Alleviate the Drought Stress on L. Using the Algal Extracts of and Versus the Commercial Algal Products.

Herein, two seaweed extracts ( and , and two commercial seaweed products (Canada power and Oligo-X) with a concentration of 5% were used to alleviate the drought stress on wheat plants. The extract of had the highest capacity to ameliorate the deleterious effects of water scarcity followed by and the commercial products. The drought stress reduced wheat shoots length and the contents of pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), carbohydrates, and proteins.

Light enhanced the antimicrobial, anticancer, and catalytic activities of selenium nanoparticles fabricated by endophytic fungal strain, Penicillium crustosum EP-1.

Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) has recently received great attention over owing to their superior optical properties and wide biological and biomedical applications. Herein, crystallographic and dispersed spherical Se-NPs were green synthesized using endophytic fungal strain, Penicillium crustosum EP-1. The antimicrobial, anticancer, and catalytic activities of biosynthesized Se-NPs were investigated under dark and light (using Halogen tungsten lamp, 100 Watt, λ > 420 nm, and light intensity of 2.

Strategies to Promote Health System Strengthening and Global Health Security at the Subnational Level in a World Changed by COVID-19.

Structural weaknesses in national health systems have led to huge variations in responses to COVID-19. This calls for a unified approach to health security and essential health services as public health threats and the expectation for health care systems to provide improved access and services at affordable cost increases.

Enhanced Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Larvicidal, and Repellence Activities of Brown Algae, -Mediated Green Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles.

Herein, the metabolites secreted by brown algae, , were used as biocatalyst for green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs). The fabricated MgO-NPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy linked with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Data showed successful formation of crystallographic and spherical MgO-NPs with sizes of 3-18 nm at a maximum surface plasmon resonance of 320 nm.

Plant growth-promoting properties of bacterial endophytes isolated from roots of L. and investigate their role as biofertilizers to enhance the essential oil contents.

The main objective of the current study was to improve the essential oil contents of L. using bio-inoculation with bacterial endophytes. Therefore, out of fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from roots of , five isolates were selected based on the highest nitrogen-fixation and phosphate solubilization activity and identified as: T9r, T10r, T11r, T12r, and T13r.

Implication of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of spp. as biocontrol agents against wilt disease caused by Schlecht. in L.

Out of seven spp. isolated from infected faba bean roots, two were selected and showed faba bean-wilt disease severity with percentages of 68% and 47% under greenhouse conditions. The showed the highest wilt disease was selected to complete the current study.

Evaluate the Toxicity of Pyrethroid Insecticide Cypermethrin before and after Biodegradation by Strain HIS7.

Herein, bacterial isolate HIS7 was obtained from contaminated soil and exhibited high efficacy to degrade pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin. The HIS7 isolate was identified as based on its morphology and physiology characteristics as well as sequencing of 16S rRNA. The biodegradation percentages of 2500 ppm cypermethrin increased from 57.

Harnessing Bacterial Endophytes for Promotion of Plant Growth and Biotechnological Applications: An Overview.

Endophytic bacteria colonize plants and live inside them for part of or throughout their life without causing any harm or disease to their hosts. The symbiotic relationship improves the physiology, fitness, and metabolite profile of the plants, while the plants provide food and shelter for the bacteria. The bacteria-induced alterations of the plants offer many possibilities for biotechnological, medicinal, and agricultural applications.

An Eco-Friendly Approach to the Control of Pathogenic Microbes and Malarial Vector Using Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles (Mg-NPs) Fabricated by .

The discovery of eco-friendly, rapid, and cost-effective compounds to control diseases caused by microbes and insects are the main challenges. Herein, the magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) are successfully fabricated by harnessing the metabolites secreted by . The fabricated MgO-NPs were characterized using UV-Vis, XRD, TEM, DLS, EDX, FT-IR, and XPS analyses.

Comparative Study between Exogenously Applied Plant Growth Hormones versus Metabolites of Microbial Endophytes as Plant Growth-Promoting for L.

Microbial endophytes organize symbiotic relationships with the host plant, and their excretions contain diverse plant beneficial matter such as phytohormones and bioactive compounds. In the present investigation, six bacterial and four fungal strains were isolated from the common bean ( L.) root plant, identified using molecular techniques, and their growth-promoting properties were reviewed.

Isolation and Characterization of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Medicinal Plant as Plant Growth-Promoting.

Endophytic fungi are widely present in internal plant tissues and provide different benefits to their host. Medicinal plants have unexplored diversity of functional fungal association; therefore, this study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi associated with leaves of medicinal plants and evaluate their plant growth-promoting properties. Fifteen isolated fungal endophytes belonging to Ascomycota, with three different genera, and , were obtained from healthy leaves of .

Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Leaves of (Lam.) DC Inherent to Arid Regions.

In this study, 15 bacterial endophytes linked with the leaves of the native medicinal plant were isolated and identified as , , , , , , and These isolates exhibited variant tolerances to salt stress and showed high efficacy in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in the absence/presence of tryptophan. The maximum productivity of IAA was recorded for BI-8 and BI-10 with values of 117 ± 6 and 108 ± 4.6 μg mL, respectively, in the presence of 5 mg mL tryptophan after 10 days.

Bactericidal and In-Vitro Cytotoxic Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) Fabricated by Endophytic Actinomycetes and Their Use as Coating for the Textile Fabrics.

An endophytic strain of L-1 was isolated from healthy medicinal plant leaves of L. and used for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), through the use of secreted enzymes and proteins. UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses of the Ag-NPs were carried out.