Prevalence and patterns of sleep-related melatonin usage among adults in Saudi Arabia: A self-reported cross-sectional national study.

Purpose: Despite the surge of melatonin supplement consumption in recent years, data on the prevalence and patterns of melatonin usage in Saudi Arabia is lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and pattern of sleep-related melatonin usage among adults in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, web-based, self-administered survey study conducted across all regions of Saudi Arabia.

A Comparison of the Convenience, Quality of Interaction, and Satisfaction of Virtual and In-Person Healthcare Consultations: A Nationwide Study.

: There are few direct comparisons of service utilization and patient-reported outcomes in patients attending medical consultations in person or virtually. This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of adults engaging with a healthcare practitioner via virtual or in-person consultations. : Participants were recruited in person by convenience sampling between November 2023 and January 2024 across Saudi Arabia, and data were gathered on (i) basic demographic and consultation information and (ii) convenience, quality of interaction, and satisfaction with their consultations.

Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand clinical practice guideline on adult home oxygen therapy.

This Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand Guideline on the provision of home oxygen therapy in adults updates a previous Guideline from 2015. The Guideline is based upon a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature to September 2022 and the strength of recommendations is based on GRADE methodology. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is recommended for its mortality benefit for patients with COPD and other chronic respiratory diseases who have consistent evidence of significant hypoxaemia at rest (PaO2 ≤ 55 mm Hg or PaO2 ≤59 mm Hg in the presence of hypoxaemic sequalae) while in a stable state.

Pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia (2005-2020): increasing trend.

Pancreatic cancer, a highly fatal malignancy, has shown a global rise in the incidence and mortality rates. However, these rates vary significantly across different regions worldwide. This study aims to assess the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia.

Patient Opinions about Virtual Consultations in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

There have been no nationwide studies of patient opinions regarding telehealth in Saudi Arabia to identify the factors that might influence patients' perceptions and satisfaction. This was a prospective cross-sectional study of adults in the general population who last engaged with a healthcare practitioner via a virtual appointment. The participants were recruited by convenience sampling across Saudi Arabia between November 2023 and January 2024, completing a questionnaire that gathered data on (i) basic demographic and virtual consultation information and (ii) telehealth service delivery and technology based on the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire.

Validation of the Arabic Version of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey Screening Questionnaire.

Purpose: The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire has been widely used in epidemiological studies to quantify respiratory symptoms and screen for asthma, but there is no formally validated Arabic version. This study developed an Arabic ECRHS screening questionnaire, comprehensively evaluated its reliability and validity, and used it to estimate the population prevalence of respiratory symptoms and asthma in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: The ECRHS screening questionnaire was adapted to Arabic through translation and back-translation by bilinguals with consultation to a professional committee and lay panel.

The prevalence of and risk factors for restless legs syndrome: A nationwide study.

Objectives: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neglected diagnosis, and most individuals with RLS do not access effective therapies. There has yet to be a nationwide study of the prevalence of and associated risk factors for RLS in Saudi Arabia.

Materials And Methods: A population-wide survey was administered to Saudi Arabian adults to assess RLS prevalence and its association with other clinical and demographic variables.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Hereditary Angioedema in Saudi Arabia.

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a potentially life-threatening autosomal dominant disorder affecting roughly 1:50,000 individuals. It is commonly characterized by swelling of the larynx, gastrointestinal tract, extremities, and skin. There is growing genetic heterogeneity associated with this disease but more than 95% of mutations are found in SERPING1, the gene which encodes complement 1 inhibitor (C1-INH).

Impaired IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-γ underlies mycobacterial disease in patients with inherited TYK2 deficiency.

Human cells homozygous for rare loss-of-expression (LOE) TYK2 alleles have impaired, but not abolished, cellular responses to IFN-α/β (underlying viral diseases in the patients) and to IL-12 and IL-23 (underlying mycobacterial diseases). Cells homozygous for the common P1104A TYK2 allele have selectively impaired responses to IL-23 (underlying isolated mycobacterial disease). We report three new forms of TYK2 deficiency in six patients from five families homozygous for rare TYK2 alleles (R864C, G996R, G634E, or G1010D) or compound heterozygous for P1104A and a rare allele (A928V).

Characterization, epidemiology and risk factors of multiple drug allergy syndrome and multiple drug intolerance syndrome: A systematic review.

Background: Multiple drug allergy and multiple drug intolerance syndrome (MDAS/MDIS) labels are an impediment to clinical care and knowledge regarding these conditions is limited. This systematic review investigated the characterization, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical impact and pharmaco-economics of MDAS and MDIS.

Methods: Systematic literature search across 11 databases (01 January 2000-06 November 2020) for MDIS, MDAS and related terminology.

The impact of bedtime technology use on sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in adults.

Objectives: There have only been a few studies on electronic device use and sleep in adult populations, so we sought to investigate the impact of bedtime technology use on sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) through a population-wide survey of Saudi Arabian adults.

Material And Methods: This cross-sectional survey of 10,106 Saudi Arabian adults gathered data on the number and frequency of electronic device use (smartphones, tablets, computers, televisions, radios, and music players) at bedtime, sleep quality, and EDS as measured by the Epworth sleepiness scale. Associations between electronic device number and frequency of use and sleep-related outcomes were evaluated using binary logistic regression.

Clinical and Lung Function Outcomes After Anti-IgE or Anti-IL5 Therapy in Severe Asthma.

Background: Although there have been indirect comparisons of the relative efficacy of mepolizumab (anti-IL-5) and benralizumab (anti-IL-5Rα) in severe asthma patients, long-term direct head-to-head comparisons are lacking. Here, we (i) examined the effect of mepolizumab, benralizumab, and omalizumab on symptom control and lung function parameters over time; and (ii) compared the efficacy of mepolizumab and benralizumab on symptom control and lung function outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with severe asthma taking anti-IgE (omalizumab; n = 24), anti-IL5 (mepolizumab, n = 23), or anti-IL-Rα (benralizumab; n = 12) therapy.

Excessive daytime sleepiness and associations with sleep-related motor vehicle accidents: results from a nationwide survey.

Objective/background: Insufficient sleep can have fatal consequences, and up to 30% of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are related to driving when drowsy. The objective of this study was to investigate how sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) affect falling asleep while driving and sleep-related MVAs/near-misses.

Participants/methods: A population-wide sample of Saudi adults was surveyed.

Occupational Outcomes Associated with Sleep Quality and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: Results from a National Survey.

Introduction: There are few population-level studies of the interactions between sleep quality/excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and occupational behavior. Here, we investigated the impact of sleep quality and EDS on occupational outcomes in a population-wide survey of adults in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A population-wide survey was administered to Saudi Arabian adults to assess sleep quality, EDS was measured using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep-related absenteeism, sleep-related errors at work, and falling asleep at work in the preceding three months.

Comparing the impacts of reciprocal peer teaching with faculty teaching: A single-centre experience from KSA.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of peer-led learning with faculty-led teaching activities in fifth-year students during their Internal Medicine II placement.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the results of multiple-choice questions exams at the end-of-placement for 2016 to 2017.

Results: During the study period, 120 students in three cohorts completed the placement.

Perceptions On Reciprocal Peer Teaching Among Medical Students As Learners And As Tutors.

Objectives: The College of Medicine at Imam University has incorporated reciprocal peer-teaching into the curriculum in the form of peer-led seminars. The aim was to evaluate this program and ascertain student perceptions.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of medical students attached to the Internal Medicine I and II courses was conducted in 2018.

Diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia: The evaluation of glycemic control measures based on emergency department utilization and the percentages of adherence to the recommended follow-ups for microvascular complications.

To determine the association between emergency department (ED) visits, glycemic control and the quality of preventive diabetes care among diabetic patients in a Saudi community. Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional study that collected data through interview-based surveys between February and April 2017. Data were collected from 530 diabetic patients in the diabetes clinics at King Saud Medical City, the tertiary center of Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi medical students knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs with regard to organ donation and transplantation.

A positive attitude to organ donation among doctors is key to increasing organ donation. Education of medical students is suggested to be central to achieving this. This study examined whether knowledge of organ donation and transplantation (ODT) correlates with attitudes and beliefs relevant to ODT among medical students in Saudi Arabia.

How does the utilization of diabetes dietitian and educator service in Saudi Arabia affect glycemic outcomes?

Background: Despite the acknowledgment that the services of diabetes educator and dietician affect outcome, the level of utilization of these services in the Saudi Arabian public health-care system is not known. The aims of the study were to establish the percentage of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) followed up by a diabetic educator and a dietician in a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia and associations between follow-up by a diabetic educator and a dietician and glycemic control.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 490 diabetic patients who attended the diabetic outpatient clinic consecutively at a public health-care institution in Riyadh.

Kleine-Levin syndrome: clues to aetiology.

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is the commonest recurrent sleep disorder, with a prevalence of 1-2 per million population. Clear diagnostic criteria are now defined, but effective treatment remains elusive. The significant body of published literature allows consideration of possible aetiological mechanisms, an understanding of which could guide the development of therapeutic strategies.