Nephroprotective Effect of Bergapten Against Cyclophosphamide-Mediated Renal Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Wistar Rats: Probable Role of NF-kB and TGF-β1 Signaling Molecules.

Cyclophosphamide (CPM) is a well-established antineoplastic drug with marked clinical outcomes in various types of cancers. Despite being a promising drug, its use is associated with significant renal toxicity and often limits its use, leading to compromised clinical outcomes. Therefore, this study explored the renal protective effect of bergapten (BGP), a natural bioactive compound that showed marked antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects.

Sonochemical synthesis of lanthanum ferrite nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes for simultaneous electrochemical determination of acetaminophen and dopamine.

A new nanocomposite consisting of lanthanum ferrite nanoparticles (LaFeO NPs) integrated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was fabricated via facile sonochemical approach. The engineered nanocomposite was applied to simultaneously determine acetaminophen (ACP) and dopamine (DA) in a binary mixture. The LaFeO NPs@CNT probe possesses several advantages such as superior conductivity, large surface area, and more active sites, improving its electrocatalytic activity towards ACP and DA.

Selective detection of rutin at novel pyridinic-nitrogen-rich carbon dots derived from chicken feet biowaste: The role of bovine serum albumin during the assay.

A simple fluorescence method is described for measuring rutin dependent on the nitogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) prepared via simple pyrolysis method from chicken feet biowaste. The as-fabricated NCDs have unique advantages including cost-effectiveness and high quantum yield (42.9 %).

Knowledge, attitude and practice of hospital pharmacists towards pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting in Najran, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction:  Pharmacovigilance (PV) is critical in determining the risk-benefit ratio of medicines and encouraging their safe, rational, and effective use, hence enhancing patient safety and care. Pharmacists, as drug experts, share responsibility for ensuring that medicines remain safe.

Objective:  The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital pharmacists towards PV and adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting and to know factors that discourage them from reporting ADRs in Najran, Saudi Arabia.

The relationship between hydroxychloroquine plasma concentration and COVID-19 outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis patients in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and has been repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19. This study aims to determine whether HCQ concentration levels in individuals with RA alter the incidence of COVID-19 or its complications.

Methods: We collected plasma samples from 13 individuals with confirmed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to measure HCQ concentration levels.

Effect of chronic hydroxychloroquine use on COVID-19 risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: a multicenter retrospective cohort.

Objective: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because of its reported anti-viral activity. This study examined the association of chronic HCQ use with the incidence and complications of COVID-19.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adults with rheumatoid arthritis and/or systemic lupus erythematosus who visited rheumatology clinics in three tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2019 and December 2020.

Enhanced antinociceptive activity of Nigella sativa oil after its combined treatment with honey in rats.

Antinociceptive activity of honey and Nigella sativa (N. sativa) oil are well known. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive effect of N.

Umbelliferone ameliorates ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB-p65/iNOS and SIRT1/PPARγ signaling pathways in rats.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease associated with inflammatory perturbation and oxidative stress. Umbelliferone (UMB) is a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant coumarin derivative. Depending on the possible mechanisms, we aimed to explore and elucidate the therapeutic potential of UMB on UC-inflammatory response and oxidative injury-induced via intrarectal administration of acetic acid (AA) in rats.

Highly selective and sensitive electrochemical determination of cysteine based on complexation with gold nanoparticle-modified copper-based metal organic frameworks.

A gold nanoparticle-modified copper-based metal organic framework (Au NPs@Cu-BDC) was fabricated for the electrochemical determination of cysteine (Cys-SH). The nanocomposites were characterized using different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), powder X-ray spectroscopy (PXRD), thermogravimetry (TGA), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Formation of a new anodic peak of Cu(II)-Cys complex at + 0.

Dispensing Practices for Weight Management Products in Eastern Saudi Arabia: A Survey of Community Pharmacists.

Due to changing lifestyles and socioeconomic status, obesity prevalence has been rising in Saudi Arabia, and community pharmacists often counsel patients about its management. The study aimed to evaluate practices of community pharmacists involved in dispensing products for weight control in four cities located in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving community pharmacists in Dammam, Dhahran, Khobar, and Al-Ahsa, using a Likert format questionnaire.

Evaluation of the Potential of National Sharing of a Unified Progress Test Among Colleges of Pharmacy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background: With the expansion in pharmacy education in Saudi Arabia, there is a pressing need to maintain quality assurance in pharmacy programs using several tools. The progress test is a formative assessment tool that can serve to provide information to all stakeholders. This study evaluated the results of a unified progress test that was shared among 15 colleges of pharmacy.

NiFeO nanospheres functionalized with 2-(2, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3, 5, 7-trihydroxychromen-4-one for selective solid-phase microextraction of aluminium.

Herein, a rational combination of dispersive solid-phase sorbent and 2-(2, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3, 5, 7-trihydroxychromen-4-one (morin) was proposed for sensitive and selective determination of Al ion. Nickel ferrite nanospheres (NiFeO NS) functionalized with morin was used to preconcentrate and estimate Al via the formation of fluorescent complex at pH 7.0.

Caffeine modulates pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of pioglitazone in diabetic rats: Impact on therapeutics.

Objectives: To determine the influence of caffeine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pioglitazone (PIO) in diabetic rats.

Methods: This was a preclinical study conducted in the College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Saudi Arabia, using 5 groups of Wistar rats: normal rats, untreated diabetic rats, diabetic rats + caffeine (20 mg/kg), diabetic rats + PIO (10 mg/kg), and diabetic rats + PIO (10 mg/kg) + caffeine (20 mg/kg). The drugs were administered for 14 days, and fasting plasma glucose concentrations were determined on the first day, and thereafter at weekly intervals.

Facile one pot sonochemical synthesis of layered nanostructure of ZnS NPs/rGO nanosheets for simultaneous analysis of daclatasvir and hydroxychloroquine.

In this study, zinc sulfide nanoparticles were loaded on reduced graphene oxide (ZnS NPs/rGO) using simple sonochemical method. The nanocomposite was characterized using different morphological and electrochemical techniques such as TEM, SEM, PXRD, EDX, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, N-adsorption-desorption, CV, and EIS. The ZnS NPs/rGO modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used to simultaneously estimate hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and daclatasvir (DAC) in a binary mixture for the first time.

Design of "Turn On" fluorometric nanoprobe based on nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots modified with β-cyclodextrin and vitamin B cofactor for selective sensing of dopamine in human serum.

Herein, a novel and rapid fluorometric nanoprobe was constructed for quantitation of dopamine (DA) in presence of biologically interfering compounds. The nanoprobe based on synthesis of yellow emissive nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (N@GQDs) by advanced thermal driven oxidation. After that, the synthesized N@GQDs was capped with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), followed by interaction with pyridoxal (PYL) vitamin B cofactor.

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene quantum dots/nanocellulose nanohybrid for electrochemical sensing of anti-schizophrenic drug olanzapine in pharmaceuticals and human biological fluids.

A nanohybrid prepared from green source (nanocellulose, NC) and nitrogen, sulfur co-doped graphene quantum dots (N, S@GQDs) was prepared for the electrochemical detection of olanzapine (OLZ), atypical antipsychotic primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Polar groups on the surface of NC and N, S@GQDs provide more anchoring sites for adsorption of OLZ onto the electrode surface. In addition, it provides high conductivity, good mechanical strength, large surface area, and excellent electrical conductivity.

Dual-recognition molecularly imprinted aptasensor based on gold nanoparticles decorated carboxylated carbon nanotubes for highly selective and sensitive determination of histamine in different matrices.

In this study, an electrochemical aptamer based sensor (aptasensor) was proposed for specific recognition of histamine (HIS). The electrochemical aptasensor based on fabrication of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) and DNA aptamers on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (cCNTs) (MIP-apta/AuNPs/cCNTs/GCE). The aptasensor exhibits high selectivity towards HIS detection as it has two recognition elements which are MIP cavities and aptamer interaction.

Silver nanoparticles conjugated MnFe-based Prussian blue analogue for voltammetric and impedimetric bioaptasensing of amifostine (ethyol).

A novel bioaptasensing-based electrochemical method for determination of amifostine (AMF) is proposed. The electrochemical aptasensor is based on modification of a glassy carbon electrode with a nanocomposite consisting of silver nanoparticles @ MnFe Prussian blue analogue nanospheres (AgNPs@MnFePBA NS), followed by immobilization of aptamer via Ag-N bonds (aptamer/AgNPs@MnFePBA NS/GCE). Experimental parameters including pH, incubation time, and aptamer concentrations were optimized.

Tadalafil alleviates cisplatin-induced reproductive toxicity through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and the inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rats.

Male reproductive toxicity is a well-known adverse effect of cisplatin (CIS), an important antineoplastic agent used to control several types of cancers. Tadalafil (TDF), is a long-acting phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor commonly used as treatment for erectile dysfunction. The aim of this work was to study the possible protective effect of TDF against CIS-induced testicular toxicity in rats and the possible involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which demonstrates antioxidant and inflammatory activities utilizing zinc protoporphyrin-IX (ZnPP) as HO-1 inhibitor.

A novel imidazole derived colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensor for bifunctional detection of copper (II) and sulphide ions in environmental water samples.

Herein, a novel "ON-OFF" colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensor; 1N-allyl-2-(2, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole (ADPPI), was constructed for sequential determination of Cu and S ions in aqueous media. The interaction between chemosensor ADPPI and different metal cations was investigated using UV-VIS and fluorimetric spectroscopy. ADPPI showed a favorable and good interaction with Cu ions producing blue colored solution peaked at 610 nm with blue fluorescence at λ = 447 nm.

Facile fabrication of a novel disposable pencil graphite electrode for simultaneous determination of promising immunosuppressant drugs mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus in human biological fluids.

An innovative electrochemical sensor was proposed for simultaneous determination of mycophenolate mofetil (Mph) and tacrolimus (TAC) for the first time. A novel sensor based on electro-polymerization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a novel Cu-1N-allyl-2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole metal organic framework (Cu-ADPPI MOF) on disposable pencil graphite electrode (dPGE). Many techniques were used to characterize the electrochemical activity and surface structure of the fabricated sensor.