Association of maternal thyroid disease with obesity in child.

Objectives: During pregnancy, many women develop thyroid disorders, which can result in fetal and neonatal development defects. We investigated whether maternal thyroid dysfunction would affect their children's growth and obesity.

Study Design: We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using a combination of data from several Korean nationwide registries to investigate the association between maternal thyroid dysfunction, offspring growth, and obesity.

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Influences DNA Methylation in the Serotonin System in the Human Placenta.

The offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at a higher risk for metabolic dysregulation and neurodevelopmental impairment. Evidence suggests that serotonin, which is present in both the placenta and the brain, programs the development and growth of the fetal brain. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that GDM affects the methylation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) and serotonin receptor gene (HTR2A) in the placenta.

Prior pregnancy complications and maternal cardiovascular disease in young Korean women within 10 years after pregnancy.

Background: This study aimed to compare obstetric outcomes in Korean women with and without future cardiovascular disease (CVD) within 10 years after pregnancy, and assessed whether pregnancy complications are independent risk factors, and whether the combination of pregnancy complications has an additive function for risk factors for CVD.

Methods: This was a nationwide population-based study combining the database of the Korea National Health Insurance claims and National Health Screening Programs to assess preeclampsia, low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery as risk factors for CVD. Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the risk of total CVD, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and stroke after the pregnancy complications, with adjustment for potential confounding variables.

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal Chronic Diseases in the Future: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES-HEXA Data.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) are associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MS), in the future. We designed a large-scale cohort study to evaluate the influence of APOs (preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), stillbirth, macrosomia, and low birth weight) on the incidence of chronic diseases, body measurements, and serum biochemistry in the future and investigate whether combinations of APOs had additive effects on chronic diseases. We used health examinee data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES-HEXA) and extracted data of parous women ( = 30,174; mean age, 53.

Clinical significance of soft markers in second trimester ultrasonography for pregnant Korean women: a multicenter study and literature review.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of soft markers for aneuploidy screening in Korean women.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 5,428 singleton pregnant women who underwent sonography during the second trimester at seven institutions in South Korea. We evaluated the prevalence of the following soft markers: intracardiac echogenic focus, choroid plexus cysts, pyelectasis, echogenic bowel, and mild ventriculomegaly.

Association between fetoplacental Doppler results, placental pathology, and angiogenic factors among pregnant women with anxiety.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether state and trait anxiety among pregnant women were associated with fetoplacental Doppler findings, abnormal placental pathology, and placental angiogenic factors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 102 pregnant women at 32-35 gestational weeks were recruited and examined prospectively. State and trait anxiety were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of women with disabilities: a nationwide population-based study in South Korea.

We investigated (1) pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with and without disabilities, (2) time trends in deliveries, and (3) risks of pregnancy and neonatal complications among women with various disability types and severity. This was a nationwide population-based study merging the database of the Korea National Health Insurance claims, National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children, and Disability Registration System to compare perinatal outcomes in women with and without disabilities. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were analyzed during 2007 and 2015, as were time trends of deliveries.

Reliability of strain elastography using in vivo compression in the assessment of the uterine cervix during pregnancy.

Objective To determine the reproducibility of the mean strain value in various cervical areas and new elastographic parameters for measuring cervical stiffness evaluated by strain elastography using in vivo compression generated by internal organ movement. Methods A prospective observational study (140 singleton pregnant women; 15-33 weeks of gestation) was performed at two tertiary centers. Cervical strain was evaluated using E-cervix™ elastography.

Higher parity and risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean postmenopausal women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012.

Aim: We sought to examine whether parity is associated with higher incidence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 4098 Korean postmenopausal women by using nationally representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationship between parity and metabolic syndrome, with adjustment for potential confounding variables.

Effect of antiviral therapy in reducing perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus and maternal outcomes after discontinuing them.

Background/aims: There have been numerous efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with antiviral agents during pregnancy. However, there are limited data regarding the outcomes of pregnant women after delivery. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral agents in preventing MTCT of HBV and maternal long-term outcomes.

Contribution of Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Ultrasound for the Evaluation of Fetal Central Nervous System Anomalies.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contributes to ultrasound for the evaluation of fetal central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. The secondary objective was to investigate whether MRI adds more information regarding the evaluation of specific pathologies or conditions. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively compared fetal MRI findings with ultrasound findings in CNS anomalies with respect to certain pathologic groups.

Mirror Syndrome Associated with 18p Deletion Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Mirror syndrome is defined as the development of maternal edema in association with fetal hydrops. This rare disease is called mirror syndrome due to the presence of maternal edema that "mirrors" the fetal and placental condition. CASE: We report the first case of mirror syndrome associated with 18p deletion.

Association between maternal age at childbirth and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2012.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between maternal age at childbirth and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study on 3,956 Korean postmenopausal women who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between maternal age at first and last childbirth and metabolic syndrome, with adjustment for potential confounding variables.

Relationship between delivery history and health-related quality of life in menopausal South Korean women: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

Objectives: The study investigated the association between childbirth history and health-related quality of life (QOL) in menopausal South Korean women.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2010-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) for 4277 menopausal women aged over 50. We used the EuroQol index to measure health-related QOL.

Early midtrimester serum insulin-like factors and cervical length to predict preterm delivery.

Objective: To investigate which ultrasound findings or serum biomarkers, including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 and 3 (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3, respectively), in the first and early second trimesters are the best predictors for preterm delivery.

Materials And Methods: This was a case-control study conducted between March 2011 and March 2013 with women presenting for routine antenatal care at 11-18 weeks. We collected serum samples from pregnant women and stored them at -80°C.

Serial Change in Cervical Length for the Prediction of Emergency Cesarean Section in Placenta Previa.

Purpose: To evaluate whether serial change in cervical length (CL) over time can be a predictor for emergency cesarean section (CS) in patients with placenta previa.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with placenta previa between January 2010 and November 2014. All women were offered serial measurement of CL by transvaginal ultrasound at 19 to 23 weeks (CL1), 24 to 28 weeks (CL2), 29 to 31 weeks (CL3), and 32 to 34 weeks (CL4).

Elevated placenta growth factor levels in the early second-trimester amniotic fluid are associated with preterm delivery.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine how angiogenesis-related factors correlate with preterm delivery.

Methods: A cohort of 382 pregnant women undergoing early second-trimester genetic amniocentesis was enrolled and followed-up until delivery, and the amniotic fluid was collected and stored as a nested case-control study. Cases with preterm delivery (n = 31) were compared with matched controls with term delivery (n = 62).

The practice patterns of second trimester fetal ultrasonography: A questionnaire survey and an analysis of checklists.

Objective: To analyze practice patterns and checklists of second trimester ultrasonography, and to investigate management plans when soft markers are detected among Korean Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (KSUOG) members.

Methods: An internet-based self-administered questionnaire survey was designed. KSUOG members were invited to the survey.

Progesterone Inhibits Leptin-Induced Invasiveness of BeWo Cells.

Background: This study investigated the roles of progesterone and leptin in placenta invasion, which is closely related to pregnancy prognosis. We examined the effects of leptin and progesterone on the invasion of BeWo cells, a human trophoblastic cell line, and the effect of concurrent treatment.

Methods: Cells were treated with leptin (0, 5, 50, or 500 ng/mL) or progesterone (0, 2, 20, or 200 µM) and cultured in an invasion assay.

Acute Renal Failure due to Obstructive Uropathy Secondary to Ureteral Endometriosis.

Ureteral involvement by endometriosis is a rare and often silent disease but capable of producing significant morbidity and leading to hydronephrosis and to renal failure. Surgery is the treatment of choice to remove endometriotic lesions and relieve ureteral obstruction if the kidney is still functional or a nephrectomy is performed if there is a complete loss of renal function. We report a case of acute renal failure induced ureteral endometriosis managed with laparoscopic unilateral nephrectomy and endometrioma cystectomy.

Sonographic Parameters for Prediction of Miscarriage: Role of 3-Dimensional Volume Measurement.

Objectives: To evaluate the value of volume measurement using 3-dimensional sonography for prediction of miscarriage.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 188 singleton pregnant women at 5 to 9 weeks' gestation. The 3-dimensional sonographic gestational sac volume and yolk sac volume were measured together with the fetal heart rate, gestational sac diameter, and yolk sac diameter.

2014 First-trimester ultrasound forum from the Korean Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

A first-trimester ultrasound scan has become an essential part of antenatal care. The Korean Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology held a first-trimester ultrasound forum on April 5, 2014. The forum aimed to present an updated review of the literature on the topic of first-trimester ultrasound in specific lectures and to host a panel discussion on several important issues regarding first-trimester scans.

The clinical practice patterns of fetal ultrasonography in the first-trimester: A questionnaire survey of members of the Korean Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Objective: This study aimed to survey the current clinical practice of first-trimester ultrasonography among members of the Korean Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (KSUOG) and to provide basic data for making practical recommendations about first-trimester ultrasonography scan in Korea.

Methods: This survey was conducted using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. The first-trimester in this survey was divided into two parts: early and late first-trimester.

Association of severe thrombocytopenia and poor prognosis in pregnancies with aplastic anemia.

Purpose: We sought to estimate the risks of adverse obstetric outcomes and disease outcomes associated with severe thrombocytopenia in pregnant women with aplastic anemia (AA).

Methods: In a retrospective study, we compared demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and outcomes between severe thrombocytopenia (ST) and non-severe thrombocytopenia (non-ST) groups comprising pregnant women with AA.

Results: Of 61 AA patients, 43 (70%) were diagnosed as AA before pregnancy and 18 (30%) were AA during pregnancy.

Laparoscopic transabdominal cervical cerclage: Case report of a woman without exocervix at 11 weeks gestation.

Cervical incompetence is characterized by painless dilatation of the incompetent cervix and results in miscarriages and preterm delivery during second trimester. We report a 25-year-old patient, gravid 2, para 1, at 11 weeks' gestation with the diagnosis of cervical incompetence, in whom transvaginal cerclage was not technically possible and laparoscopic cervical cerclage was performed successfully. There were no operative or immediate postoperative complications.